P/S V Testing

Question 1

Deep Sensation/Proprioceptors- receive stimuli from muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and fascia. responsible for?(3)

Answer 1

▪ Position sense and joint awareness
▪ Movement awareness (kinesthesia)
▪ Vibration

Question 2

Combined Cortical Sensation-Requires info from both superficial and deep receptors as well as sensory association areas.
What sorts of sensations use CCS?(7)

Answer 2

▪ Stereognosis 
▪ 2-point discrimination
▪ Barognosis
▪ Graphesthesia
▪ Tactile localization
▪ Recognition of texture
▪ Double stimulation

Question 3

Which receptors can carry sensations that communicate pain?

Answer 3

◼ Mechanoreceptors
◼ Thermoreceptors
◼ Nociceptors**
◼ Chemoreceptors
◼ Photic receptors

Question 4

Preparation for sensory testing?

Answer 4

◼ Teach the pt what you are going to do
◼ Trial run
◼ Occluding pt’s vision
◼ Normally distal to proximal
◼ Test a range of dermatomes and nerve patterns
◼ Bilaterally vs. unilaterally
◼ Time is of the essence
◼ Make it random

Question 5

What types of tests for superficial sensation?(4)

Answer 5

▪ Pain Perception- sharp/dull
▪ Temperature-warm/cool
▪ Light Touch- yes or now
▪ Pressure Perception

Question 6

Tests for deep sensation?(3)

Answer 6

Deep
▪ Kinesthesia-describes the 
movement
▪ Proprioception-matches the 
position
▪ Vibration-yes or now

Question 7

Tests for combined sensation?(5)

Answer 7

▪ Steroegnosis-identify
▪ Touch localization-states location
▪ Two Point Discrimination-1/2 see 
pg 157
▪ Graphesthesia-name letter or 
number
▪ Recognition of Texture- identifies 
texture

Question 8

Golgi tendon organs?

Answer 8

Respond to excessive tension in tendon near insertion.

▪ Causes muscle to decrease tension

Question 9

What do muscle spindle fibers do?

Answer 9

Respond to quick stretch of the muscle.

▪ Causes muscle to contract

Question 10

What do deep tendon reflex tests test?

Answer 10

Afferent and efferent neuron pathways

Question 11

Responses to DMT reflex test determine?

Answer 11

▪ LMN- flaccid or diminished reflex

▪ UMN- excessive reflex or too much tone to elicit

Question 12

LMN impairment?

Answer 12

Flaccid or diminished reflex

Question 13

UMN impairment?

Answer 13

UMN- excessive reflex or too much tone to elicit

Question 14

Reflex test grades? (4)

Answer 14

0: absent reflex
◼ 1+
\: trace
◼ 2+
\: normal
◼ 3+
\: brisk
◼ 4+
\: clonus

Question 15

What are normal reflex test grades?

Answer 15

1+
, 2+
, or 3+
 are normal unless asymmetric or dramatic difference between UE 
and LE.