PMVPH: Zoonoses control: Companion Animals Flashcards
Define colonised host
no CS on host, implies microbes multiplying on host. requires longitudinal sampling to prove
List zoonoses in companion animals
- Rabies, Salmonellosis, Brucellosis,
- MRSA, TB
- woms (tape, round)
- pasteurellosis
- toxoplasmosis
- leptospirosis
- psittacosis
- fleas
- cheyletiellosis
- sarcoptic mange (fox mange)
- dermatophytosis (ringworm)
What are ESKAPE pathogens?
Clinically relevant multi-drug resistant pathogens: Enterococcus faecium S. aureus Klebsiella pneumoniae Acinetobacter baumannii (other spp too) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enterobacter spp
Defien MDR
multi-drug resistant
Define ESBL
Extended spectrum beta lactamase (E. coli)
Describe ABs for MRSA
- broad b-lactam and often also fluoroquinolone resistnatn
What is MRSP
veterinary version of MRSA
veterinary nosocomial infxn - canines
highly drug- resistant
normal part of flora but opportunistic pathogen
T/F: MRSA transmittied between pets and humans in both directions
True
Which zoonosis are small furries prone to?
ringworm
How many fish, repltiles and birds are kept as pets in the UK?
> 40 million
Name aquatic zoonosis
Mycobacterium marinum (causes skin disease)
How serious is reptile-related salmonellosis?
accounts for 3-5% of all salmonellosis cases in USA
Where should you refer owners if their pet has a zoonotic infxn?
GP
Department of Health
Public Health England (PHE website)
How long can gram + survive on dry surfaces?
many months
How long can gram + survive on dry surfaces?
many months
How long canP.aruginosa survive on dry surfaces?
5 weeks on dry, 16 months on wet
How long can spore forming bacteria survive on dry surfaces?
many months
What do staphylococci adhere to?
squames and hair, can survive on dry surfaces > 12 months
What is the traffic light isolation protocol?
RED - patient must be isolated unless clinically unstable
AMBER - barrier nurse, await microbiol/virol exam
GREEN - patient can be nursed in wards, no isolation required
What must a client sign if visiting their pet with a zoonotic dz?
‘Form of Agreement’
What are risk factors for MDR?
- age
- concurrent dz and severe illness
- patient transfer
- prolonged hospitalisation
- GIT surgery or transplantation
- exposure to invasive devices
- AM exposure
What is the BSAVA PROTECT policy?
Responsible use of veterinary medicines in practice: P - practice policy R - reduce prophylaxis O - other options T - types of bacteria and drugs E - employ correct antibacterial C- cytology and culture T - treat effectively
What are 80% wound S. aureus infxns due to?
due to carrier status
Signs of human rabies
lethargy, inappetence, diarrhoea, vomiting, behavioural changes, salivation, focal or unilateral CN involvement
How does AMR affect humans?
- in EU 25,000 die from this a year
- estimated cost of 1.5 billion euros
- 5-12.5% people entering hospital develop and infection
