PMVPH: Zoonoses control: Companion Animals

Question 1

Define colonised host

Answer 1

no CS on host, implies microbes multiplying on host. requires longitudinal sampling to prove

Question 2

List zoonoses in companion animals

Answer 2

• Rabies, Salmonellosis, Brucellosis,
• MRSA, TB
• woms (tape, round)
• pasteurellosis
• toxoplasmosis
• leptospirosis
• psittacosis
• fleas
• cheyletiellosis
• sarcoptic mange (fox mange)
• dermatophytosis (ringworm)

Question 3

What are ESKAPE pathogens?

Answer 3

Clinically relevant multi-drug resistant pathogens:
Enterococcus faecium
S. aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Acinetobacter baumannii (other spp too)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Enterobacter spp

Question 4

Defien MDR

Answer 4

multi-drug resistant

Question 5

Define ESBL

Answer 5

Extended spectrum beta lactamase (E. coli)

Question 6

Describe ABs for MRSA

Answer 6

• broad b-lactam and often also fluoroquinolone resistnatn

Question 7

What is MRSP

Answer 7

veterinary version of MRSA
veterinary nosocomial infxn - canines
highly drug- resistant
normal part of flora but opportunistic pathogen

Question 8

T/F: MRSA transmittied between pets and humans in both directions

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Which zoonosis are small furries prone to?

Answer 9

ringworm

Question 10

How many fish, repltiles and birds are kept as pets in the UK?

Answer 10

> 40 million

Question 11

Name aquatic zoonosis

Answer 11

Mycobacterium marinum (causes skin disease)

Question 12

How serious is reptile-related salmonellosis?

Answer 12

accounts for 3-5% of all salmonellosis cases in USA

Question 13

Where should you refer owners if their pet has a zoonotic infxn?

Answer 13

GP
Department of Health
Public Health England (PHE website)

Question 14

How long can gram + survive on dry surfaces?

Answer 14

many months

Question 15

How long can gram + survive on dry surfaces?

Answer 15

many months

Question 16

How long canP.aruginosa survive on dry surfaces?

Answer 16

5 weeks on dry, 16 months on wet

Question 17

How long can spore forming bacteria survive on dry surfaces?

Answer 17

many months

Question 18

What do staphylococci adhere to?

Answer 18

squames and hair, can survive on dry surfaces > 12 months

Question 19

What is the traffic light isolation protocol?

Answer 19

RED - patient must be isolated unless clinically unstable
AMBER - barrier nurse, await microbiol/virol exam
GREEN - patient can be nursed in wards, no isolation required

Question 20

What must a client sign if visiting their pet with a zoonotic dz?

Answer 20

‘Form of Agreement’

Question 21

What are risk factors for MDR?

Answer 21

• age
• concurrent dz and severe illness
• patient transfer
• prolonged hospitalisation
• GIT surgery or transplantation
• exposure to invasive devices
• AM exposure

Question 22

What is the BSAVA PROTECT policy?

Answer 22

Responsible use of veterinary medicines in practice:
P - practice policy
R - reduce prophylaxis
O - other options
T - types of bacteria and drugs
E - employ correct antibacterial
C- cytology and culture
T - treat effectively

Question 23

What are 80% wound S. aureus infxns due to?

Answer 23

due to carrier status

Question 24

Signs of human rabies

Answer 24

lethargy, inappetence, diarrhoea, vomiting, behavioural changes, salivation, focal or unilateral CN involvement

Question 25

How does AMR affect humans?

Answer 25

• in EU 25,000 die from this a year
• estimated cost of 1.5 billion euros
• 5-12.5% people entering hospital develop and infection