Plastid (include Chloroplast) Flashcards
plastid
membrane-bound organelles in cells (plant, algae etc)
example in plastid
chloroplast - predominant type in leaves and other aerial tissues
thylakoid
interconnected and closed continuum
thylakoid - contain
granum disks and multiple (stack) and stroma lamella
granum
spiral formation
budding of each side
chloroplast synthesises
purine and pyrimidine
FA and lipids
isoprenoids
isoprenoids
plant hormones (GA)
abscisic acid
strigolactones
haem
Haem
Tetrapyrrole
for cytochrome, peroxidase, catalase
reduction of nitrile and sulphate
nitrogen fixation - conversion of inorganic N
types of plastids
proplastid chromoplast amyloplast leucoplast elaioplast
proplastid
precursor of all plastids found in young meristematic region
divide at pace with cell division - continuity
chromoplast
non-photosynthetic , crystalline/needle structure
amyloplast
starch-storing - non-green tissue
e.g. potato tubers
leucoplast
involved in oil and lipid synthesis - plastoglobuli
varies in appearance and often surrounded by ER membrane
plastoglobuli
electron dense particles
elaioplast
had rounded and angular lipid bodies - store sterol esters
found elaioplast
cell surrounding tapetum - develops pollen
tapetum
anther cavity
needle shape chromoplast
in birds of paradise flowers
chromoplast contain
carotenoid e.g. carotene, xanthophyll for colour
GA - plant hormone
gibberellic acid
tapetum
anther cavity
size and no. plastids
5-8μm long and 3-4μm thick
correlation of size and number of plastid
increase in size = decreases number of plastid