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BIOL1025 - Fundamentals of cell biology and physiology > Cytoskeleton part 2 > Flashcards

Cytoskeleton part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

association of organelles and other cytoplasmic components with cytoskeleton

A

moves in straight lines

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2
Q

Role of cytoskeleton

A

organising and controlling movement of some organelles

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3
Q

saltatory movement

A

rapid bursts then pauses

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4
Q

cellulose biosynthesis

A

protein complexes moves straight lines along filamentous pathway

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5
Q

cytosolic ribosomes

A

found associated with protein filaments

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6
Q

soluble enzymes

A

found in association with actin filaments in myofibrils and in stress fibres of fibroblasts

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7
Q

motor proteins

A

microtubules motor using ATP derived energy

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8
Q

2 groups of motor proteins

A

kinesin and dyneins

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9
Q

kinesin

A

move to positive end

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10
Q

dynein

A

moves to negative end

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11
Q

examples of movement along MT

A

for transporting vesicles

integrity and reassembly of Golgi apparatus

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12
Q

2 conformation that alternates motor protein

A

conformation stabilised by bound ATP, other by ADP and hydrolysis

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13
Q

dynein function

A

cycling of conformational changes allow ‘shuffling’ along filament

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14
Q

microtubule provide tracks for…

A

movement of vesicles along axons

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15
Q

anterograde transport

A

movement from negative to positive from cell body

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16
Q

retrograde transport

A

movement from positive to negative from axons - return

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17
Q

time take during rapid transport

A

3mm/s , 250mm/day

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18
Q

slow transport

A

1mm/day

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19
Q

directionality of movement

A

due to polarity from positive to negative end in MT and MF

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20
Q

movement without polarity

A

motor proteins move randomly

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21
Q

globular head region

A

engages filaments and actively moves along it

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22
Q

tail region

A

point attachment of motor protein and its cargo

23
Q

power stroke

A

ATP hydrolysis - conformational change
thrusting head backwards - tension in tail
tail and cargo moves forward

24
Q

recovery stroke

A

occurs when protein loosely attached to filaments

head slides along by thermal motion/diffusion

25
Q

what all stroke powered by

A

hydrolysis

26
Q

kinesins contain

A

dimer of heavy and light chain = tetrameric structure

27
Q

3 domain

A

large globular head
stalk
small globular head

28
Q

myosin function

A

as motor protein on actin filaments

29
Q

myosin V

A

vesicles and organelle transport

30
Q

myosin XI

A

movement - cytoplasmic streaming

31
Q

mobility and cytoskeleton requires

A

anchorage

active cytoskeleton

32
Q

function of mobility and cytoskeleton

A

able to anchor itself in body - other extracellular components
net synthesis at leading edge, retraction at other end

33
Q

actin filaments in migrating cells

A

organisation varies significantly in different areas of cell

34
Q

leading edge

A

more organised and elongate forming net migration

35
Q

cilia diameter

A

200nm in diameter

36
Q

A tubule in cilia

A

has 13 protofilaments

37
Q

B tubule in cilia

A

has 10/11 protofilaments

38
Q

central pair in cilia

A

13 protofilaments

39
Q

9 + 2 pattern

A

9 (made from A and B tubule) around the outside and 2 complete MT

40
Q

how cilium moves - primary force

A

ATP driven cyclic movement of ciliary dynein

41
Q

cytoskeletons in cell division

A

for position, control of MT

have accurate partitioning of chromosomes division

42
Q

membrane - cytoskeleton interaction

A

connectivity from outside to inside

43
Q

method of interacting between cytoskeleton and plasma membrane

A

indirect vie specific group of actin binding protein

44
Q

Ezrrin-Radixin Moesin

A

signal activation of ERM interaction with actin

45
Q

signal causes

A

dissociation between MF and transmembrane protein binding

46
Q

extracellular component

A

interact indirectly vis integrin bind to talin - indirectly attach to actin

47
Q

cytoskeletal disorder

A

muscle cell membrane, dystrophin, dystrophin associated protein complex

48
Q

dystrophin

A

inside of cell and binds actin and N-terminus

49
Q

different mutation

A

causes different muscular dystrophin

50
Q

type 1 interaction

A

ABPs bind to membrane via interaction with lipd

51
Q

type 2 interaction

A

integral membrane proteins

52
Q

type 3 interaction

A

ABPs that associate with integral membrane protein

53
Q

outer doublet in cilium

A

A and B tubules

BIOL1025 - Fundamentals of cell biology and physiology (21 decks)

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