mitochondria Flashcards
properties of mitochondria
- double membrane (inner and outer)
- inner membrane - folded to increase SA
has some DNA - form proteins needed
chemiosmotic coupling
producing ATP
has 2 stages
stage 1 of chemiosmotic coupling
- food derive high energy e- during oxidation
- e- transferred along e- carries in membrane
- release energy to pump protons across membrane by electrochemical proton gradient
stage 2 of chmiosmotic coupling
- proton gradient = energy store used to drive ATP synthesis
- ATP synthase use energy to make ATP
fats and carbohydrates broken down causes
high energy e-
what makes NADH
2 e- picked up by NAD+
what does NADH do
carries e- to inner mitochondrial membrane
structure in 19th century
- similar size to bacteria (0.5-1 micrometre)
- cristae - increase SA
- mobile in the cell
- associated with microtubules of cytoskeleton
- able to change shape and position
microtubules of cytoskeleton
form network throughout cell
outer membrane
includes porins and membrane channels which are permeable to molecules (5kDA>=)
inner membrane
cristae - include unusual double phospholipid caridolipin
intermembrane space
similar to cytoplasm
electron transport chain
series of protons pumps caused by movement of e- down the chain
matrix
space enclosed by cristae
mitochondrial DNA
circular
coded for protein required in mitochondria
