Plant structure Flashcards
what happens at the leaves and what do they do
photosynthesis
and produces water for the plant and is where water evaporates allowing respiration to take place
what is and what does the xylem do
a contiumous tube that carrys water and dissolved minerial ions upwards transpiration rate increased with the air movement or temperatureand decreases humidity
what do the roots do
Water enter through osmosis,
mineral ions by active transport.
what is the flower
reproductive organ
what is the meristem
stem cell is produced here
what does the phloem do and what is it called
Tubes of cells that carry sugars (e.g. sucrose) and other nutrients to where needed:
TRANSLOCATION - bidirectional
how can you increase the rate of transpiration
increasing temperatures
decreasing humidity
increasing air movement
which cause the water do evaporate at a faster rate
name the structure of the leaf and its properties and where they are
waxy cubical-at the top of the cell-waterproof to stop water form evaporating
upper epidermis-under the waxy cubical- transparent to let light through to pass through to the palisade mesophyll
palisade mesophyll-under the epidermis- most of photosynthesis happens here
spongy mesophll- under the palisade mesophyll- lots of gaps around the cell to increase surface area where gas exchange can occur which allows carbon dioxide to diffuse into the cell while water can oxygen diffuse out
vein/vascular bundle- in the middle - xylem and phloem
lower epidermis- bottom most layer- of the leaf with holes in it called stomata which is where gases enter and leave
how is the size of the stomata controlled
controlled by the guard cells changing sizes to control the rate of gases entering and exiting through the stomata
