Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Genes + Cells > Plant cell organelles > Flashcards

Plant cell organelles Flashcards

1
Q

How many nucleus’ do plant cells contain and what are they

A

Usually one but can be more

Contains most genetic material - DNA, RNA, protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the nuclear envelope

A

Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the use of nuclear pores

A

Allows proteins and RNA to move in/out of nucleus

Control what is being transcribed/translated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is heterochromatin

A

Inactive chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is euchromatin

A

Accessible chromatin that can be transcribed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the nucleolus consist of

A

Material that will make up ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What occurs at the nucleolus

A

rRNA synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When are ribosomes inactive

A

When the two subunits come apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where are ribosomes located

A

Rough ER
Nuclear envelope
Within the cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What occurs at the smooth ER

A

Lipid synthesis

Carbohydrate metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does the RNA material reach the rough ER

A

Rough ER normally attached to the nucleus so comes straight from nucleus to endoplasmic reticulum to be made to a protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the golgi body function

A

Provides network of vesicles for secretory purposes
Sorts - proteins know where to go, packages for transport
Modifies products from rough ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the golgi body made of

A

Flattened sacs of cisternae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What occurs at cis face of golgi

A

Receive vesicles from rough ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens to the transcribed mRNA

A

Goes to ribosomes to be translated into protein

Proteins sorted to smooth ER, where bud off into vesicles, go where need to/go to cystol for further modficiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens at trans face of golgi

A

Form vesicles then go where needed

17
Q

What occurs at the mitochondria

A

Respiration

18
Q

Structure of mitochondria

A

Has double membrane
- inner membrane highly folded - cistae
Gives large SA for for ATP synthesis

19
Q

Structure of chloroplasts

A

Double membrane
Thylakoids - membranous sacs stacked to form granum
Own starch grains
Stroma - internal fluid

20
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur in chloroplast

A

Grana - light reaction

21
Q

Where does carbon dioxide fixation occur in chloroplast

A

Stroma

22
Q

Examples of plastids

A 
Proplastid
Chloroplast
Chromoplast
Leucoplast
Elaioplast
Proteinplast
Amyloplast
23
Q

What is the function of a chloroplast

A

Produce energy

24
Q

What is the function of a proplastid

A

Depending on what cell it goes into it develops into different thing

25
Q

What is the function of a chromoplast

A

Pigment synthesis and storage

26
Q

What is the function of a leucoplast

A

Store variety of energy sources in non-photosynthetic cells

27
Q

What is the function of a elaioplast

A

Storage of lipids in e.g. carrots

28
Q

What is the function of a proteinoplast

A

Protein storage and site of enzyme activity on these proteins in a lot of cells

29
Q

What is the function of a amyloplast

A

Synthesis and storage of starch

30
Q

What happens if plant lacks statoliths

A

Plant can’t respond to gravity

Roots end up coiling = agravitropic

31
Q

What is the peroxisome

A

Metabolic compartment bound by single membrane

Self replicating but doesnt have own DNA so requires it from nucleus

32
Q

What is the peroxisome function

A

Detoxing cell, helps cell survive in toxic environment

Hydrogen peroxide is a metabolic waste product, toxic to cell - peroxisome converts it to water

33
Q

What is a vacuole

A

Membrane bound organelles filled with cell sap

Contains fluid often acidic pH, many have toxic/bitter compounds to stop animals eating them

34
Q

What is the function of the vacuole

A

Keeps plant upright

Provide turgor pressure - lots of water stored in vacuoles

35
Q

How does the vacuole link to homeostasis

A

Regulate the turgidity by regulating amount of water in the cell.
Cell has excessive water: vacuole absorbs the water and then diffuses it out of the cell
Cell lacks water: water from the vacuole gets passed back into the cell - maintaining turgidity

36
Q

How does the cytoskeleton benefit the plant cell

A

Vesicles from ER and golgi travel along ‘monorails’ provided by cytoskeleton
Growth in particular direction
Involved in positioning organelles e.g. chloroplasts where most light

37
Q

Plasma membrane function

A

Mediates subtance transport in/put cell using transmembrane protiens
Coordinates synthesis and assembly of cellulose microfibrils
Relays hormonal and environmental signalling factors

38
Q

What is the plasmodesmata function

A

Provides mechanism of symplastic (within cell) communication

39
Q

What is the plasmodesmata

A

Channels that link cells cytoplasms through cell wall (across middle lamella)

Genes + Cells (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions