Mendelian Inheritance Flashcards
What is a gene
DNA nucleotide sequence coding for specific polypeptide
What is a locus
Location of a particular gene on a given chromosome
What is an allele
Different form of the same gene
What is a phenotype
Physical appearance of an organism
What is the genotype
Genetic makeup of an individual
What is a reciprocal cross
Pair of crosses in which genotypes of males and females for particular trait is reversed
Are there changes in reciprocal crosses
No change unless genes are on the same chromosome
What is the 3:1 ratio mean
Trait controlled by single locus
What does a reciprocal cross test
Role of parental sex on a specific inheritance pattern (one or both parent organisms must be true breed)
What is a test cross
Mating of individual of dominant phenotype with homozygous recessive individuals to determine whether individual of dominant phenotype is homozygous or heterozygous
What are multiple alleles
Alleles that are members of the same locus, each affecting character concerned differently, causing different trait
What is an example of multiple alleles
Blood groups
What is complete dominance
One allele dominant, only one expressed in heterozygous form.
What are the names of interactions between alleles at single locus
Dominance
Incomplete dominance
Co-dominance
Recessivity
What is the name of interactions between alleles at different loci
Epistasis
