Collinearity of gene and protein Flashcards
How many groups of amino acids are there
FOUR 9 hydrophobic 6 hydrophilic 2 negatively charged 3 positively charged
What is the importance of R group
Interactions between R groups determine shape of protein and if it’s functional
Reacts with substrate
How do amino acids join
Join unbranched polypeptides via condensation reactiom
What is a tetramer and an example
Haemoglobin, made of four polypeptide chains
What causes sickle cell anaemia
Gene defect heterozygous half beta chains altered and half normal - still suffer as a tetramer so only 1/4 haemoglobin is functional
What is a repressible operon
Turn off anabolic path when end product available
When is the trp operon in process
When tryptophan is present
What is the product of trpR
aporepressor protein
What does the aporepressor need to bind to the operator
Needs tryptophan in medium to bind to it to activate it
What happens when the aporepressor binds to the operator
Stops transcription of trp operon
When is trp operon triggered
Low/no tryptophan present
What does attenuation do
Prevents the completion of transcription of trp operon
mechanism to prevent trp transcription when levels are high
What causes more short transcripts
High amount of tryptophan in cell
