Placenta and trophoblastic disease

Question 1

Persistent trophoblastic disease

Answer 1

• Residual trophoblastic tissue from molar pregnancy remains
- Partial molar trophoblastic tissue - benign tumor
- Complete molar trophoblastic tissue - malignant tumor/ choriocarcinoma
• Group of rare tumors that involve abnormal growth of cells inside a woman’s uterus
• Increased Bhcg release

Question 2

Gestational trophoblastic disease subtypes

Answer 2

• > Complete hydoliform molar pregnancy
• > Partial molar pregnancy
• > Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia ( Choriocarcinoma)

Question 3

Hydolidiform molar pregnancy

Answer 3

• 1 or 2 sperm fertilise an egg cell that contains no dna/nucleus
• no fetus - no fetal vasculature to drain the fluid from maternal circulation
-> placental villi are swollen
• Trophoblastic hyperplasia

Question 4

Partial molar pregnancy

Answer 4

• 2 sperm fertilise a normal egg or one sperm that duplicates its DNA = triploid conception
• Abnormal embryo can develop
• Trophoblastic hyperplasia

Question 5

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia / Choriocarcinoma

Answer 5

• Rare and invasive mole that grows into the muscle layer of the uterus / Grows into the wall of the uterus
• Result of remnant trophoblastic tissue of a complete molar pregnancy
• Spread to organs away from the uterus