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Urogenital system > Pathology of scrotum and foreskin > Flashcards

Pathology of scrotum and foreskin Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrocele

A

Accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis
• Congenital hydrocele - peritoneal cavity descends into the scrotum so fluid from abdomen builds up
• Acquired hydrocele - fluid accumulates within the tunica vaginalis as a result of trauma or infection

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2
Q

Characteristics of a hydrocele

A
  • Attached to the testes
  • Transilluminate
  • Able to feel above the lump
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3
Q

Management of hydrocele

A

Aspiration

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4
Q

Varicocele

A
  • Dilation of veins called the pampiniform plexus
  • Usually on left side
  • Feels like bag of worms
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5
Q

Characteristic of varicocele

A

Disappears on lying down

Seperate from testes

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6
Q

Epididymal cyst

A

swelling felt in scrotum filled with fluid
• caused by obstruction of epididymal duct
•

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7
Q

Spermatocele

A

Cyst but contains sperm

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8
Q

Characteristic of epididymal cyst/Spermatocele

A
  • Transilluminant
  • Painless
  • Seperate from testes
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9
Q

Epididymitis/orchitis

A
  • Infection of testes and epididymis
  • Infection from chlamydia
  • Pain during urination
  • If spread to testes, orchitis
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10
Q

Characteristic of epididmytis/orchitis

A
  • Tender

* Painful swelling like torsion but a more gradual onset

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11
Q

Inguinal hernia

A
  • COUGH IMPULSE
  • NON transilluminable
  • Unable to feel above it
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12
Q

Acute testicular torsion

A
  • Testes rotates and occludes its own blood supply
  • Acute onset of testicular pain, vomitting and abdominal pain
  • Doppler ultrasound for diagnosis
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13
Q

Torsion of appendix of testes

A
  • testicular appendix is remnant of mullerian duct

* Mimics testicular torsion but stakes are not that high at all

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14
Q

Testicular tumor characteristic

A
  • Inflammation, swelling, tenderness

* Acute onset of the symptoms differentiates it from epididmytis which has gradual onset

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15
Q

Testicular tumor pathophys

A
  • Increased risk of testicular cancer in undescended testes

* Germ cell tumors mostly

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16
Q

IF TESTES IS SEPERATE FROM LUMP

A
  1. Epididymal cyst - transilluminates

2. Varicocele - disappears when patient lies down

17
Q

IF TESTES IS ATTATCHED TO LUMP

A
  1. Hydrocele - no cough impulse, transilluminates

2. Tumor

18
Q

CANT FEEL ABOVE IT

A
  1. Hydrocele of chord - transillunates

2. Indirect inguinal hernia - has a cough impulse and does not transilluminate

19
Q

Clincial presentation of testicular cancer

A
  1. Soild, painless lump
  2. May have painful swollen testes
  3. History of trauma
  4. Back pain/bone pain from metastasis

Urogenital system (21 decks)

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