Lower unrinary tract infection

Question 1

UTI

Answer 1

presence of bacteria in urine

Question 2

Lower UTI (Cystitis)

Answer 2

• inflammation of the bladder (cystitis)
• Contamination of bladder by bacteria from rectum/GI tract ascends up to the bladder
• E-COLI (most comman)
• Staphylococcus saprophylis - (STI)

Question 3

risk factors

Answer 3

1. Sexual intercourse
2. Post menopausal ( lack of pestrogen means lack of vaginal flora to protect)
3. Catheter
4. Diabetes
5. Bladder outflow obstruction - impaired bladder emptying causes urine stasis causing bacteria to accumulate

Question 4

Symptoms

Answer 4

1. Frequency / urgency / Dysuria
2. Haematururia
3. Subrapubic abdominal pain
4. Lack of fever and systemic issues maybe upper uti in this case

Question 5

Sterile Pyuria ( wbc in urine without bacteria/ negative urine culture)

Answer 5

caused by

• urethritis - inflammation of just the ureters
• neisseria gnorrhea / Chlamydia
• tuberculosis