Piagets Theory Flashcards
Piaget
Cognitive theorist
The development of intellect and knowledge of the environment is gain though the senses
He provided the support that children think differently then adults
His research identified several important milestones in i the mental development of children
Sensory motor period
Birth to 24 months
Focusing on 4 stages
Infants understand the world through sensory and action. Infants progress from reflex behaviors to simple repetitive acts to initiate activity.
Circular reaction
Action that is repeated over and over again
Separation
Infants learn to seperate themselves to other objects in the environment . They realize they are not the only ones controlling the environment
Object permanence
The realization that objects exist once they leave the visual field
Symbols / mental representation
The ability to reproduce or repeat a previous action
Primary
Centered on or around the infants body
Secondary
Orientation to the enviroment
Now they are aware of themselves and their bodies so their actions are oriented to the environment
Stage one reflexes
Birth to one month
Use of reflexes
Sucking rooting grasping and crying
Stage 2 primary circular reactions
1-4 months
Centered around the body
Beginning to replace reflexive behaviors with voluntary action
Stage 3 secondary circular reactions
4–8 months
Greater awareness of the environment
During stage 3 of secondary circular reactions about 6 months of age infants start
Imitation
Increased affect
Object permanence
Increased affect
When baby gets excited for something like hearing mom making a bottle
Stage 4 coordination of secondary reactions
8-12 months
Beginning of intellectual reasoning
(Where is the ratter, i wonder if its under the blanket)
Anticipation of events ( now we get what bye bye is feelings of anticipation)
Begin to associate symbols and events like bye bye again
Separation anxiety
Beginning awareness that mother and self are seperate beings
Developing object permanence
These combined created seperation anxiety
Stranger anxiety
6- 8 months
Object permanence
Re-emerges during toddler period
As infant is attached to one person they show less friendliness’s to others
What are things that can help with stranger anxiety
Avoid sudden intrusive gestures
Keep distance
Talk softly
Utilization of a transitional object
Toddler Piaget section
Sensory motor period in toddler hood
Stage 5 tertiary circular reactions
Stage 6- inventions of new means
Stage 5 tertiary circular reactions
13-18 months
Little scientist (aware of casual relationships
Aware that things are behind closed doors
Testing period “i can throw my paci and my mom will come get it “
Stage 6 inventions of new means
Imitation/domestic mimicry
Can use mental images to represent objects
Problem solving in their mind
Some sense of timing (kind of)
What is important to consider when giving a toddler a time out?
You put them in time out depending on the age 1 year is is one minute 2 year old is 2 minute
Preoperational period (toddlerhood/preschool
2-7 years old
Problem solving based on what the child sees and hears
Difficult telling reality to fantasy
Egocentrism
Animism
Magical thought
Irreversibility
Centration
What is an example of problem solving based on what the child sees and hears in the preoperational period?
My dogs are white, fluffy and small until I go out in public and see a large brown dog . Now i know there can be white fluffy small dogs and large brown dogs.
Egocentrism
We all kind of have this but in toddlerhood according to the toddler views everything in relation to self
Animism
Giving life like or human qualities to normals and inert objects
Centration
Focuses on one aspect of the situation
(A toddler throwing a tantrum)
Pre school age child 3-5 years section
What are some examples of difficulty telling reality from fantasy ?
Immature logic
Fear of body mutilation
Adult induced fears
Other fears
What remains in the Preoperational period in a preschool age 3-5
Egocentrism
Animism
Magical thought
Irreversibility
Centration
What is another fears a preschool child can have and how can you apply it in the hospital setting
The dark. And you can provide a night light to give comfort.
School age child section 6 years to puberty
Preoperational period ends
Ends at age 7
Shift from total egocentric though to social awareness and the ability to consider view points
Moves into concrete operational period
Preoperational to concrete operational thinking age range
School age child 6 years to puberty
Concrete operational period
Ages 7-11
Egocentric to objective
Classification to logic
Conservation
Reversibility
Example of classification and logic
Youre my BFF and you’re my 2nd BFF
Conservation example
The ability to understand that the tall skinny glass of water has the same amount of water as the short wide one
Reversibility example
Can understand that a ball of clay flattened can be made into a ball of clay again
What are some things 6 years to puberty a child learns (concrete operational)
Adjusting to school and being exposed to more people other than family
Humor
Skeptical
Learn parents are not perfect
Adolescent section of Piaget puberty -20
Formal operational thought adolescence
Ability to consider
Abstract ideas
Various possibilities
The future
What are some concepts of self in Piaget theory adolescence
Adolescent egocentrism
Imaginary audience
Personal fable
Imaginary audience
Everyone is watching me
I am the main character
Personal fable
Belief you are alone and no one under stands you
Also what happens to them will not happen to me
