Physiology of the Hepatobiliary System Flashcards

1
Q

Pain in GI tract

A

Almost exclusively from mechanoreceptors responding to contraction

With ulcers, damage to mucosa and submucosa permits H+ to reach muscularis externa…H+ leads to contraction of smooth muscle and sensation of pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Structure of liver

A

Plates separated by isnusoids

Phagocytic Kupffer cells

Secretes bie into bile canaliculi that are drained by bile ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Carb fxn
Synthesis of proteins
Protein metab
Lipid metab

A

Storahge of blucose as glycogen
Release of glucose from glycogen
Syntehssi of new glucose

Albumins and blogulins

Amoonia to urea and synthesize of noness AA

Syntehsize VLDL, remove LDL, B-oxidatioin of fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cholesterol metab

Storage site

A

Secreted and lost in bile

A,D, B12 and minerals like Fe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bile choleresis

A

H2O and electrolytes

Bile salt dep from parenchymal cells

Independent from duct cells - hig in HCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hepatic portal system

A

Products of digestion that are absorbed are delivered to liver

Caps drain into hepatic portal vein which carries blood to liver

Pressure in caps is higher than other series

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Parenchymal secretions

Duct cell secretion

A

Active against the conc gradient….continusouly…bile fxns to emulsify lipids…inc by CCK

Duct - primarily HCO3 and H2O…meals, dyes, drug actively secreted by duct cells…stimulated by secretin to inc HCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fiber

A

Reduce cholesterol by trappign a greater percentge of bile in bulkier and more fibrous feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile

Contraction of muscularis layer of gallbladder ejects bile into the common bile duct into duodenum

When small intestine is empty, sphincter of Oddi closes and bile is forced up cystic duct to gallbladerr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Secretin and CCK effects

A

Sec - duodenal low pH….stimulates HCO3 by pancreas and liver to secrete HCO3 to bile

CCK - in response to fat and protein content of chyme in duodenum…prod of pnacreatic enzymes…enhances secretin…stimulates contraction of gall bladder and relaxation of sphincter of Oddis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bile production and secretion

A

Free bilirubin combines with glucuronic acid to form conjugated

Converted to urobilinogen by bacteria into intestines so it can be recycled

Most absorbed by ileum as sedcretion passes through

Deriv of cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Detox of blood

A

Excretion into the bile
Phago by Kupffer cells
Chem alteral of ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fed and fasted state

A

Fed - glycogeneiss and lipogenesis

Fasted - glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PLasma proteins

A

Clotting factors 1,2,3,5,7,9,11

Albumin and globulin (excpet immunoglobulins) in liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly