Physiology I Flashcards
What anterior pituitary hormones does Thyroid Releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate?
TSH, prolactin (p.289)
What anterior pituitary hormone does Dopamine inhibit?
Prolactin (p.289)
What anterior pituitary hormones does Corticotropic Releasing hormone (CRH) stimulate?
ACTH, Melanocyte stimulating hormone, B-endorphin (p.289)
What anterior pituitary hormone does Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) stimulate?
Growth Hormone (p.289)
What anterior pituitary hormones does Somatostatin inhibit?
GH, TSH (p.289)
What anterior pituitary hormones does Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) stimulate?
FSH, LH (p.289)
What hypothalamic hormone does prolactin inhibit?
GnRH (p.289)
From where is prolactin secreted?
Anterior pituitary (p.290)
What are the functions of prolactin?
Stimulates milk production in breast; inhibits ovulation in females and spermatogenesis in males (p.290)
How does prolactin inhibit ovulation and spermatogenesis?
By inhibiting GnRH synthesis and release (p.290)
How is prolactin secretion regulated?
Secretion from anterior pituitary is tonically inhibited by dopamine from the hypothalamus (p.290)
How does prolactin inhibit its own secretion?
By increasing dopamine synthesis and secretion from the hypothalamus (p.290)
What hormone stimulates prolactin secretion?
TRH (p.290)
What class of drugs can be used to treat prolactinomas?
Dopamine agonists (bromocriptine) (p.290)
What class of drugs stimulate prolactin secretion?
Dopamine antagonists (most antipsychotics) and estrogens (OCPs, pregnancy) (p.290)
From where is growth hormone (somatotropin) secreted?
Anterior pituitary (p.290)
What is the function of growth hormone?
To stimulate linear growth and muscle mass through IGF-1/somatomedin secretion (p.290)
What is the effect of growth hormone on insulin?
GH increases insulin resistance and is a diabetogenic (p.290)
How is GH release regulated?
Released in pulses in response to GHRH (p.290)
What increases GH secretion?
Exercise, sleep (p.290)
What decreases GH secretion?
Glucose, somatostatin (p.290)
What is a common cause of excess GH secretion?
Pituitary adenoma (p.290)
What does excess GH secretion in adults cause?
Acromeagly (p.290)
What does excess GH secretion in children cause?
Giagantism (p.290)