Diabetes Drugs I Flashcards
Describe the general treatment strategy for patients with DM type I.
Low sugar diet, insulin replacement (p.305)
Describe the general treatment strategy for patients with DM type II.
Dietary modification and exercise for weight loss, oral hypoglycemics, insulin replacement (p.305)
What are the three rapid-acting insulins?
Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine (p.305)
Which insulin is short acting?
Regular insulin (p.305)
Which insulin is intermediate acting?
NPH (p.305)
Which insulins are long acting?
Glargine and Detemir (p.305)
What is the mechanism of action of the Insulin drug class?
Binds the insulin receptor (tyrosine kinase activity) (p.305)
What effect does the insulin drug class have on the liver?
Increases glucose stored as glycogen (p.305)
What effect does the insulin drug class have on muscle?
Increases glycogen and protein synthesis; K+ uptake (p.305)
What effect does the insulin drug class have on fat?
Aids TG storage (p.305)
What are the five clinical uses of insulin drugs?
Type I DM, Type II DM, gestational diabetes, life threatening hyperkalemia, stress induced hyperglycemia (p.305)
What are the toxicites associated with insulin drugs?
Hypoglycemia; very rarely hypersensitivity reactions (p.305)
What drug class does metformin belong to?
Biguanides (p.305)
Name the biguanide class drug(s).
Metformin (p.305)
What is the mechanism of action of metformin?
Exact mechanism is unknown (p.305)
