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NPLEX I > Physiology- Cellular > Flashcards

Physiology- Cellular Flashcards

1
Q

Which organelle regulates and initiates all cellular activity?

A

nucleus

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2
Q

Which organelle is the site of synthesis of ribosomal RNA

A

nucleus

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3
Q

Which organelle is the site of energy production?

A

Mitochonria

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4
Q

Which organelle is the storage area for calcium?

A

Mitochondria

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5
Q

Which ER has ribosomes?

A

Rough ER

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6
Q

In which organelle does protein synthesis take place?

A

Rough ER

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7
Q

In which organelle does CHO, steroid and fat synthesis take place?

A

smooth ER

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8
Q

Protein containing vesicles leave the rough ER destined for which organelle?

A

Golgi apparatus

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9
Q

Which organelle modifies proteins by adding CHO to make glycoproteins?

A

Golgi apparatus

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10
Q

What is it called when a secretory protein granule moves to and fuses with the cell membrane?

A

exocytosis

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11
Q

What is the machinery of intracellular digestion of cellular debris called?

A

lysosomes

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12
Q

What are the names of particles that contain the machinery for translation of genetic code into protein?

A

Ribosomes

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13
Q

Where do peroxisomes originate?

A

from the smooth ER

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14
Q

What structures help distribute cell organelles, transport macromolecules within the cell and help shape the the cell during differentiation?

A

Microtubules

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15
Q

What is the name for microfilaments in muscle?

A

myofilaments

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16
Q

What organelle has a high concentration of oxidative enzymes?

A

Peroxisomes

17
Q

What structure gives membrane its integrity?

A

Phopholipids

18
Q

What substance regulates membrane fluidity?

A

Cholesterol

19
Q

What does an increase in cholesterol do to the membrane fluidity?

A

decreases the fluidity of the membrane, making it hard and less permeable

20
Q

Active transport requires what?

A

ATP

21
Q

Facilitated transport requires what?

A

specific membrane transport proteins

22
Q

How does a substance move in passive transport?

A

simple diffusion down its gradient

23
Q

How does water move in osmosis?

A

from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration

24
Q

How do RBCs react to an isotonic solution?

A

no change in size

25
Q

How do RBCs react to a hypertonic solution?

A

They shrink

26
Q

How do RBCs react to a hypotonic solution?

A

They swell/burst

27
Q

Large particles moving into a cell by invagination of the cell membrane is a process called:

A

Endocytosis/ Pinocytosis

NPLEX I (22 decks)

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