Anatomy-Myology Flashcards
What does the orbicularis coulee muscle do?
closes the eye
What muscle elevates, adducts and rotates the eyeball medially?
superior rectus
What muscle depresses, adducts and rotates the eyeball medially?
inferior rectus
What muscle abducts the eyeball?
lateral rectus
What muscle adducts the eyeball?
medial rectus
What muscle abducts, depresses and rotates the eyeball medially?
superior oblique
What muscle abducts, elevates and rotates the eyeball laterally?
inferior oblique
What muscle elevates the upper eyelid?
levator palpebrae
What eye muscles are innervated by CN III?
Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae
What eye muscles are innervated by CN IV?
Superior oblique
What muscles are innervated by CN VI?
Lateral rectus
What 2 muscles open the mouth?
digastric, lateral pterygoid
What 3 muscles close the mouth?
medial pterygoid, masseter, temporalis
CN VII, the facial nerve, has partial innervation of which muscles of mastication?
digastric
What is the main nerve for muscles of mastication?
CN V, trigeminal
What are the functions of the SCM?
rotation, flexion, lateral flexion of the head/neck
What muscles make up the supra hyoid group?
stylohyoid, digastric, myolohyoid, geniohyoid
What muscles make up the infra hyoid group?
sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
What group of muscles depresses the larynx and hyoid bone?
infrahyoids
What groups of muscles raises the larynx and hyoid bone?
suprahyoids
What muscle of the neck connects the cervical vertebrae?
longus colli
Which of the prevertebral muscles attach atlas to occiput?
rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis
What suboccipital muscles attach the atlas to the occiput?
rectus capitis posterior minor, superior oblique
What suboccipital muscles attach the axis to the occiput?
rectus capitis posterior major
What suboccipital muscle attaches atlas to axis?
inferior oblique
What muscles make the erector spine group?
spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
What muscles make up the transversospinalis group?
semispinalis, multifides, rotatores
What muscles flex the neck?
longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior
What muscle laterally flexes the head?
rectus capitis lateralis
What muscles raise the ribs causing inhalation?
external intercostals
What muscles help with exhalation?
internal intercostals
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
What forms the anterior border of the axilla?
Pectorals Major and minor
The brachial plexus emerges from which muscles?
anterior and medial scalene
What forms the posterior border of the axilla?
subscapularis, teres major, lattisimus dorsi
What forms the medial wall of the axilla?
serratus anterior
What 3 muscles flex the humerus?
Pectoralis major,
deltoid
coracobrachialis
What 3 muscles extend the humerus?
lattisimus dorsi
trees major
deltoid
What 3 muscles abduct the humerus?
deltoid
supraspinatous
serratus anterior
What 3 muscles adduct the humerus?
pec major
lat dorsi
teres major
What 3 muscles laterally rotate the humerus?
infraspinatous, teres minor, deltoid
What 3 muscles medially rotate the humerus?
pec major, lat dorsi, teres major, subscapularis
What 4 muscles flex the forearm?
biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres
What 2 muscles extend the forearm?
triceps, anconeus
What 2 muscles pronate the forearm?
pronator teres, pronator quadratus
What 2 muscles supinate the forearm?
supinator, biceps
What nerve passes over the anatomical snuffbox?
The superficial radial nerve
What makes up the anatomical snuffbox (thin SABER)
Scaphoid, ABductor policis longus, Extensor policis longus, Radial artery
What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the hand?
ulnar nerve
What are the muscles that give us a power grip?
Forearm flexors
What nerve innervates the power grip muscles?
Median nerve
Wrist drop will occur with damage to which nerve?
radial nerve (to all wrist extensors)
Damage to what nerve causes a claw hand deformity?
ulnar nerve due to loss of innervation to the interpose and lumbricals
Damage to what nerve causes Papal benediction?
Median nerve
What provides the roof of the carpal tunnel?
Flexor retinaculum
Do you get any loss of cutaneous sensation with carpal tunnel syndrome?
No, because the ulnar nerve and the cutaneous branch of the medial nerve do not pass through the carpal tunnel
What makes up the border of the tunnel of guyon?
Pisiform and hook of the hamate
What muscle elevates the testes?
Cremaster
The inguinal ligament is the lower free edge of what muscle?
External oblique
What muscles of the abdomen attach to the linea alba?
External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominus
Which abdominal muscle flexes the spine?
Rectus abdominus
The lowest tendinous fibers of the transversus abdomens and internal oblique that attaches to the pubic crest and pectineal line is known a what?
Conjoint tendon
What weakens to form a direct hernia?
conjoint tendon
What happens in an indirect hernia?
protrusion of the intestine through the inguinal canal
What attaches to the pubic bone?
adductor group, pectinous (at pectineal line), gracilis
What attaches to the ischial tuberosity?
Hamstrings
What attaches to the ASIS?
sartorius, rectus femoris, TFL
What forms the borders of the femoral triangle?
sartorius, adductor longus, inguinal ligament
What forms the pes anserine?
gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosus
What attaches to the greater trochanter?
piriformis, obturator internus, gamellus superior, gamellis inferior, gluteus maximus, medius, minimus
What muscles flex the knee?
Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius
What muscles extend the knee?
Quadriceps
What muscles laterally rotate the knee?
Biceps femoris
What muscles medially rotate the knee?
semimembranosus, semitendinosis
What attaches to the lesser trochanter?
illiopsoas
What attaches to the tibial tuberosity?
Rectus femoris
What are the nine muscles that attach to the fibula?
Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Peroneus tertius Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis Soleus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior Biceps femoris
What 3 muscles dorsiflex the foot? What is the innervations?
Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus, (Peronius tertius too) innervated by the deep peroneal nerve
What 2 muscles invert the foot?
Tibialis anterior (deep peroneall nerve) Tibialis posterior (tibial nerve)
What 3 muscles evert the foot?
Peroneus tertius (deep peroneal nerve) Peroneus longus (superficial peroneal nerve) Peroneus brevis (superficial peroneal nerve)
What 5 muscles planter flex the foot? (innervation?)
Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus innervated by tibial nerve
What muscles dorsiflex the toes? (innervation?)
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor hallucis longus
innervated by the deep peroneal nerve
What passes posterior to the lateral malleolus?
peroneus longus tendon, peroneus brevis tendon
What passes posterior to the medial malleolus?
tibial artery, vein and nerve
tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus tendon, flexor hallucis longus tendon
What are the two branches of the tibial nerve?
Medial plantar and Lateral planter nerves
