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NPLEX I > Anatomy-Myology > Flashcards

Anatomy-Myology Flashcards

1
Q

What does the orbicularis coulee muscle do?

A

closes the eye

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2
Q

What muscle elevates, adducts and rotates the eyeball medially?

A

superior rectus

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3
Q

What muscle depresses, adducts and rotates the eyeball medially?

A

inferior rectus

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4
Q

What muscle abducts the eyeball?

A

lateral rectus

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5
Q

What muscle adducts the eyeball?

A

medial rectus

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6
Q

What muscle abducts, depresses and rotates the eyeball medially?

A

superior oblique

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7
Q

What muscle abducts, elevates and rotates the eyeball laterally?

A

inferior oblique

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8
Q

What muscle elevates the upper eyelid?

A

levator palpebrae

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9
Q

What eye muscles are innervated by CN III?

A

Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae

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10
Q

What eye muscles are innervated by CN IV?

A

Superior oblique

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11
Q

What muscles are innervated by CN VI?

A

Lateral rectus

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12
Q

What 2 muscles open the mouth?

A

digastric, lateral pterygoid

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13
Q

What 3 muscles close the mouth?

A

medial pterygoid, masseter, temporalis

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14
Q

CN VII, the facial nerve, has partial innervation of which muscles of mastication?

A

digastric

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15
Q

What is the main nerve for muscles of mastication?

A

CN V, trigeminal

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16
Q

What are the functions of the SCM?

A

rotation, flexion, lateral flexion of the head/neck

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17
Q

What muscles make up the supra hyoid group?

A

stylohyoid, digastric, myolohyoid, geniohyoid

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18
Q

What muscles make up the infra hyoid group?

A

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

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19
Q

What group of muscles depresses the larynx and hyoid bone?

A

infrahyoids

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20
Q

What groups of muscles raises the larynx and hyoid bone?

A

suprahyoids

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21
Q

What muscle of the neck connects the cervical vertebrae?

A

longus colli

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22
Q

Which of the prevertebral muscles attach atlas to occiput?

A

rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis

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23
Q

What suboccipital muscles attach the atlas to the occiput?

A

rectus capitis posterior minor, superior oblique

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24
Q

What suboccipital muscles attach the axis to the occiput?

A

rectus capitis posterior major

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25
Q

What suboccipital muscle attaches atlas to axis?

A

inferior oblique

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26
Q

What muscles make the erector spine group?

A

spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

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27
Q

What muscles make up the transversospinalis group?

A

semispinalis, multifides, rotatores

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28
Q

What muscles flex the neck?

A

longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior

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29
Q

What muscle laterally flexes the head?

A

rectus capitis lateralis

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30
Q

What muscles raise the ribs causing inhalation?

A

external intercostals

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31
Q

What muscles help with exhalation?

A

internal intercostals

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32
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve

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33
Q

What forms the anterior border of the axilla?

A

Pectorals Major and minor

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34
Q

The brachial plexus emerges from which muscles?

A

anterior and medial scalene

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35
Q

What forms the posterior border of the axilla?

A

subscapularis, teres major, lattisimus dorsi

36
Q

What forms the medial wall of the axilla?

A

serratus anterior

37
Q

What 3 muscles flex the humerus?

A

Pectoralis major,
deltoid
coracobrachialis

38
Q

What 3 muscles extend the humerus?

A

lattisimus dorsi
trees major
deltoid

39
Q

What 3 muscles abduct the humerus?

A

deltoid
supraspinatous
serratus anterior

40
Q

What 3 muscles adduct the humerus?

A

pec major
lat dorsi
teres major

41
Q

What 3 muscles laterally rotate the humerus?

A

infraspinatous, teres minor, deltoid

42
Q

What 3 muscles medially rotate the humerus?

A

pec major, lat dorsi, teres major, subscapularis

43
Q

What 4 muscles flex the forearm?

A

biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres

44
Q

What 2 muscles extend the forearm?

A

triceps, anconeus

45
Q

What 2 muscles pronate the forearm?

A

pronator teres, pronator quadratus

46
Q

What 2 muscles supinate the forearm?

A

supinator, biceps

47
Q

What nerve passes over the anatomical snuffbox?

A

The superficial radial nerve

48
Q

What makes up the anatomical snuffbox (thin SABER)

A

Scaphoid, ABductor policis longus, Extensor policis longus, Radial artery

49
Q

What innervates the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A

ulnar nerve

50
Q

What are the muscles that give us a power grip?

A

Forearm flexors

51
Q

What nerve innervates the power grip muscles?

A

Median nerve

52
Q

Wrist drop will occur with damage to which nerve?

A

radial nerve (to all wrist extensors)

53
Q

Damage to what nerve causes a claw hand deformity?

A

ulnar nerve due to loss of innervation to the interpose and lumbricals

54
Q

Damage to what nerve causes Papal benediction?

A

Median nerve

55
Q

What provides the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum

56
Q

Do you get any loss of cutaneous sensation with carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

No, because the ulnar nerve and the cutaneous branch of the medial nerve do not pass through the carpal tunnel

57
Q

What makes up the border of the tunnel of guyon?

A

Pisiform and hook of the hamate

58
Q

What muscle elevates the testes?

A

Cremaster

59
Q

The inguinal ligament is the lower free edge of what muscle?

A

External oblique

60
Q

What muscles of the abdomen attach to the linea alba?

A

External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominus

61
Q

Which abdominal muscle flexes the spine?

A

Rectus abdominus

62
Q

The lowest tendinous fibers of the transversus abdomens and internal oblique that attaches to the pubic crest and pectineal line is known a what?

A

Conjoint tendon

63
Q

What weakens to form a direct hernia?

A

conjoint tendon

64
Q

What happens in an indirect hernia?

A

protrusion of the intestine through the inguinal canal

65
Q

What attaches to the pubic bone?

A

adductor group, pectinous (at pectineal line), gracilis

66
Q

What attaches to the ischial tuberosity?

A

Hamstrings

67
Q

What attaches to the ASIS?

A

sartorius, rectus femoris, TFL

68
Q

What forms the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

sartorius, adductor longus, inguinal ligament

69
Q

What forms the pes anserine?

A

gracilis, sartorius, semitendinosus

70
Q

What attaches to the greater trochanter?

A

piriformis, obturator internus, gamellus superior, gamellis inferior, gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

71
Q

What muscles flex the knee?

A

Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius

72
Q

What muscles extend the knee?

A

Quadriceps

73
Q

What muscles laterally rotate the knee?

A

Biceps femoris

74
Q

What muscles medially rotate the knee?

A

semimembranosus, semitendinosis

75
Q

What attaches to the lesser trochanter?

A

illiopsoas

76
Q

What attaches to the tibial tuberosity?

A

Rectus femoris

77
Q

What are the nine muscles that attach to the fibula?

A 
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Peroneus tertius
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis
Soleus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior
Biceps femoris
78
Q

What 3 muscles dorsiflex the foot? What is the innervations?

A

Tibialis anterior, Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus, (Peronius tertius too) innervated by the deep peroneal nerve

79
Q

What 2 muscles invert the foot?

A 
Tibialis anterior (deep peroneall nerve)
Tibialis posterior (tibial nerve)
80
Q

What 3 muscles evert the foot?

A 
Peroneus tertius (deep peroneal nerve)
Peroneus longus (superficial peroneal nerve)
Peroneus brevis (superficial peroneal nerve)
81
Q

What 5 muscles planter flex the foot? (innervation?)

A 
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
innervated by tibial nerve
82
Q

What muscles dorsiflex the toes? (innervation?)

A

Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis
Extensor hallucis longus
innervated by the deep peroneal nerve

83
Q

What passes posterior to the lateral malleolus?

A

peroneus longus tendon, peroneus brevis tendon

84
Q

What passes posterior to the medial malleolus?

A

tibial artery, vein and nerve

tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus tendon, flexor hallucis longus tendon

85
Q

What are the two branches of the tibial nerve?

A

Medial plantar and Lateral planter nerves

NPLEX I (22 decks)

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