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NPLEX I > Anatomy- Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy- Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle?

A

the cerebral aqueduct

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2
Q

What divides the cerebral peduncle into an anterior and posterior part?

A

substantia nigra

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3
Q

Where would you find the graciles tubercle?

A

brain

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4
Q

How many cervical nerves are there?

A

8

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5
Q

At what level does the spinal cord end?

A

L2

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6
Q

what are the spinal nerves that are sent inferiorly from the bottom of the spinal cord?

A

cauda equine

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7
Q

What does the brain stem consist of?

A

medulla, pons, cerebellum, midbrain

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8
Q

What divides the frontal and parietal lobes?

A

central sulcus

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9
Q

What separates the frontal and temporal lobes?

A

lateral sulcus

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10
Q

What separates the cingulated gyrus from the superior frontal gyrus?

A

The cingulate gyrus

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11
Q

What separates the cingulate gyrus from the corpus callosum?

A

callosal gyrus

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12
Q

What composes the diencephalons?

A

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Epithalamus

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13
Q

What part of the spinal cord contains the nerve bodies?

A

gray matter

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14
Q

What part of the spinal cord contains the somatic cell bodies and have motor functions?

A

ventral/anterior horn

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15
Q

What part of the spinal cord contains visceral cell bodies?

A

Lateral horn

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16
Q

What part of the spinal cord contains the interconnecting fiber tract system of the nerves?

A

White matter

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17
Q

what part of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of the neuron and have sensory functions?

A

dorsal horn

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18
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

A

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital

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19
Q

What is the general function of the frontal lobe?

A

Motor function

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20
Q

What is the general function of the parietal lobe?

A

somatosensory

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21
Q

What is the general function of the occipital lobe?

A

visual

22
Q

What is the general function of the temporal lobe?

A

auditory

23
Q

From superior to inferior, what is the flow of CSF through the ventricles?

A

Lateral–> Third–> Fourth

24
Q

From outside to inside, what are the layers of the meninges?

A

Dura mater–> arachnoid mater–> Pia mater

25
Q

What kinds of nerves are found in the dorsal rami?

A

afferent sensory nerves

26
Q

What kinds of nerves are found in the ventral rami?

A

eferrent motor

27
Q

What are the spinal levels of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Brainstem, C1, S2, 3, 4

28
Q

What are the spinal levels of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

T1-L3

29
Q

What makes up grey substance?

A

neuronal cell bodies and synapses

30
Q

What makes up white substance?

A

ascending and descending fiber pathways

31
Q

Where is the primary sensory cortex located?

A

postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex

32
Q

In what tract do pain and temperature sensation travel?

A

lateral spinothalamic tract

33
Q

In what tract does light touch sensation travel?

A

anterior spinothalamic tract

34
Q

In what tract do proprioception, stereognosis, barognosis and 2-point discrimination travel?

A

gracilis and cuneatus fasiculi

35
Q

Where do the anterior and lateral spinothalamic tracts decussate?

A

at the level of the spinal cord at which they entered

36
Q

Where do gracilis and cuneate fasiculi decussate?

A

in the medulla

37
Q

Which tract is concerned with subconscious perception i.e. muscle position?

A

spinocerebellar tract

38
Q

Where does the reticular formation take place?

A

medulla

39
Q

Where are the reflex centers located? (cardiac/respiratory/vasomotor…)

A

medulla

40
Q

What cranial nerves have their nuclei of origin in the pons?

A

CN 5, 6, 7, 8

41
Q

What cranial nerves have their nuclei or origin in the medulla?

A

CN 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

42
Q

Where are the superior cerebellar peduncles located?

A

Pons

43
Q

Where is the substantia nigra located?

A

Messencephalon

44
Q

What part of the brain regulates the emotional state?

A

limbic system

45
Q

In what part of the brain do we consolidate short term memory into long term memory?

A

hippocampus

46
Q

In what part of the brain do we find conditioned fear?

A

Amygdala

47
Q

Stimulation of this part of the brain causes euphoria

A

Septum

48
Q

Where is dopamine released from?

A

substantia nigra

49
Q

What is released from the raphe nucleus?

A

Serotonin

50
Q

Where is norepi released from in the brain?

A

locus ceruleus

51
Q

Which cranial nerves have parasympathetic action?

A

CN 3, 7, 9, 10

NPLEX I (22 decks)

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