Anatomy- Embryology Flashcards
What days of the menstrual cycle form the menstrual phase?
Days 1-4
The secretory or Luteal phase occurs on what days of the menstrual cycle?
Days 15-28
The proliferative or follicular phase occurs what days of the menstrual cycle?
Days 4-14
What hormone is released to promote development of the follicle?
FSH
What causes a surge in LH?
Estrogen
What is a zygote?
Diploid cells resulting from union of sperm and ocum
What structure consists of 12-15 blastomeres?
Morula
What contains a fluid-filled cavity that separates the blastomere into two parts?
Blastula
How soon after fertilization does implantation in the endometrial epithelium of the uterus take place?
6 days
What forms the wall of the gestational or chorionic sac?
Chorion membranes
What forms the floor of the amniotic cavity?
Epiblast
What forms the roof of the exocoelomic cavity?
Hypoblast
What is the process of bilaminar embryonic disc development into trilaminar embryonic disc called?
gastrulation
What are the three trilaminar layers called?
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
What germ layer forms epithelial lining of the respiratory tract?
Endoderm
What germ layer forms smooth muscle and smooth muscle coat?
Mesoderm
What layer forms the blood cells?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the bone marrow?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the central and peripheral nervous system?
Ectoderm
What germ layer forms connective tissue?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the CV system?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the epidermis?
Ectoderm
What germ layer forms the excretory organs?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the glands opening into the GI tract?
Endoderm
What germ layer forms the glandular cells of the liver and pancreas?
Endoderm
What germ layer forms the GI tract lining?
Endoderm
What germ layer forms the reproductive organs?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the retina of the eye?
Ectoderm
What germ layer forms the skeleton?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the striated muscle?
Mesoderm
What germ layer forms the vessels?
Mesoderm
The embryonic foramen oval becomes what structure after birth?
Fossa ovalis
The embryonic ductus arteriosus becomes what structure after birth?
ligamentum arteriosum
The embryonic ductus venous becomes what structure after birth?
ligamentum venousum
The embryonic umbilical vein becomes what after birth?
ligamentum teres
The embryonic umbilical arteries become what after birth?
Umbilical ligaments
What fetal organs are developed at 4 weeks gestation?
heart, forebrain, upper and lower limbs, ears, lens of the eye
At what stage does the external auditory canal develop?
6 weeks
At what stage do the digits and external genitalia develop?
8 weeks
At what stage do the intestines develop?
7 weeks
At what stage does the ossification of bone begin?
7 weeks
Describe the schema for fetal circulation
Oxygenated blood from placenta via umbilical vein bypasses liver through the ductus venous into IVC and right atrium, Through foramen oval to the left atrium and left ventricle
or, directly into right ventricle to pulmonary trunk to ductus arteriosus, lungs or aorta, from aorta to upper and lower body
