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Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

RMP of nerve fiber is …..

RMP is due to ….

RMP is close to isoelectric potential of …..

A

-70mv
Potassium ions
Chloride ions

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2
Q

Inhibitory post synaptic potential /IPSP is due to ….

Main constituent of cell membrane is…..

Fluidity of cell membrane is increased by…..

A

Chloride influx
Protein
Polyunsaturated FA

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3
Q

RBC membrane has……

Basement membrane contains (3)

A

Spectrin ( maintain integrity)

Laminin
Nidogenin
Type 4 collagen

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4
Q

Synthesis of lipids are in……cell organelle
Synthesis of proteins are in ……cell organelle

A

Smooth ER

Rough ER

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5
Q

Cell organelle that maintain
Cell shape:
Catabolism of H2O2

A

Microtubules

Peroxisome

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6
Q

Marker of
Mitochondria
Golgi bodies
Plasma membrane

A

Glutamic dehydrogenase
Galactosyl transferase
Adenyl cyclase 5 nucleotidase

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7
Q

Measurement of total body water (2)

A

Titrated water
Deuterium oxide

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8
Q

Measurement of ECF (2)

Measurement of plasma volume (2)

A

Inulin , mannitol

Evans blue
Radiolabeled albumin

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9
Q

Normal anion gap -value

A

9-15 mmol/l
Cations-anions

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10
Q
  1. Band which narrows during contraction
  2. Active sites of actin are covered by….
  3. Essential for smooth muscle contraction ….
A

H band and I band

Tropomyosin

Cellular Calcium

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11
Q
  1. Golgi tendon organ detects ….
  2. Impulses are transmitted by …
  3. Golgi tendon reflex is …..
A
  1. Muscle tension
  2. Type 1b nerve fibers
  3. Bisynaptic
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12
Q
  1. Muscle spine is a receptor for…..
  2. Peripheral zone of muscle spindle has…
A
  1. Myotactic/ stretch reflex
  2. Actin and myosin
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13
Q

Most resistant vessel is….

Gas exchange vessel is….

A

Arterioles

Capillaries-most surface area

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14
Q

Bp formula

Conditions with falsely high Bp (3)

A

COx TPR

Small cuff
Thick walled vessels
Obesity

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15
Q

Define EDV
Value
Determines …..

A

Volume of blood present in ventricular cavity at end of atrial contraction.
Value: 130-150ml

Determines preload

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16
Q

Define stroke volume
Formula
Value.

A

Volume of blood ejected with each heart beat
CO/HR

70-80ml

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17
Q

Define ejection fraction

A

Ratio of stroke volume /EDV

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18
Q

Value of cardiac index
Formula

A

3.2
CO/ BSA

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19
Q

Blood flow is mainly controlled by…..
Effect of CO2 on brain vessels

A
  1. Arterioles
  2. Vasodilation
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20
Q

3rd heart sound is heard during …..

A

Early ventricular filling phase -stretching of chordae tendinae

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21
Q

Y wave of JVP is due to….

A

Opening of AV valve (tricuspid) and emptying blood into ventricle

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22
Q

CO2 is primarily transported in arterial blood as ….

Normal value of PO2 is…

A

Bicarbonate

80-100mmhg

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23
Q

Arterial level of Co2 is….

During inspiration, intrapleural pressure becomes …..

A

40mmHg

More negative :(- 6mmHg )

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24
Q

Define total lung capacity

A

Volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximum inspiration

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25
Q

Total lung capacity depends on…

Define vital capacity ; value.

A

Lung compliance

Amount of air that can be forced out of lung after maximal inspiration.
Value: 4.8L

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26
Q

Define tidal volume, value.

A

Amount of air breathed in or out during normal breathing
Value: 500-750ml

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27
Q

Functional residual capacity; define

Define physiological dead space ; value

A

Volume of air left in lungs after normal expiration.

Anatomic+ alveolar dead space
155ml-male, 120ml-female

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28
Q

Define expiratory reserve volume

A

Volume of lung at the end of quiet expiration-which can be expired with maximal effort.

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29
Q

Value of minute alveolar ventilation

Response to high altitude (3)

A

3.5-4.5L

  1. Increased ventilation (earliest)
  2. Increased response to carotid bodies
  3. Respiratory alkalosis
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30
Q

Increased pulmonary capillary pressure results in….

Surfactant production is accelerated by…

A

Pulmonary edema

Glucocorticoids

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31
Q

What is Nerst equation?

A

Bicarbonate diffuses into plasma
Same quantity chloride diffuses into RBC in venous circulation.
AKA chloride shift.

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32
Q

What is heads paradoxical reflex?

A

Inflation of lungs induces more inflation

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33
Q

Pneumotaxic centre is present in….

Sickle cell hemoglobin shift O2 dissociation curve to ….
Respiratory distress syndrome shift the curve to….

A

Upper pons (dorsal)

Right
Right

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34
Q

Factors stimulating renin secretion (2)

A

Hypotension
Hyponatremia

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35
Q

Major part of glomerular filtrate is absorbed in…

Substances completely reabsorbed in PCT(2)

A

PCT

Glucose
Amino acids

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36
Q

In the presence of vasopressin , maximum reabsorption of water takes place in…

Substances partially absorbed in PCT (3)

A

PCT

  1. Sodium
  2. Bicarbonate
  3. Water
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37
Q

Macula densa is …..

A

Epithelial lining of thick ascending loop of henle close to afferent arteriole.

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38
Q

Tubuloglomerular feedback is mediated by sensing …..

Loop of henle does not handle…

Filtration fraction is calculated as ….

A

Nacl in densa

Urea

GFR/RPF =20%

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39
Q

Normal GFR is….
Normal creatinine level is…
Urea clearance is….

A

125ml/min

0.6-1.2mg

88ml/min

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40
Q

Action of gastrin (2)

A
  1. Stimulates secretion of gastric juice
  2. Increases gastric motility
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41
Q

Action of secretin (3)

A
  1. Stimulates secretion of watery,alkaline,and pancreatic secretion.
  2. Inhibit gastric secretion
  3. Causes contraction of pyloric sphincter
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42
Q

CCK-PZ secretion is stimulated by ….

Gastric secretion is stimulated by..(2)

Gastric phase of gastric secretion is mediated by ….

A

1 proteins
2. Gastrin, histamine

  1. Hormones
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43
Q
  1. Intestinal motility is stimulated by (2)
  2. Fat is maximally absorbed in…
  3. Calcium is maximally absorbed in….
A
  1. Distension, Ach
  2. Jejunum
  3. Proximal intestine
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44
Q
  1. Electrolytes are absorbed in…
  2. Effect of dietary fibers (eg: pectin) (2)
A
  1. Colon
  2. a) increase bulk in stool
    B) increase metabolism of sugar in GIT
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45
Q

Largest reserve of energy in body

Gastric lipase helps in digestion of …

Indicator of malabsorption

A

Fat

Fat

Fat in stool ->6gm/day

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46
Q

Insulin increases …(3)

A
  1. Protein synthesis
  2. Fat synthesis
  3. Glucose synthesis
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47
Q

In fetus, secretion of insulin begins at …..

Insulin secretion is inhibited by……

A

3 months

Epinephrine

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48
Q

Hormones acting on intracellular nuclear receptors (3)

A
  1. Steroids
  2. Thyroid hormone
  3. Vitamin D
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49
Q

CAMP mediates action of …(2)

Effect of PTH (2)

A

ADH
PTH

  1. Stimulates osteoclastic activity
  2. Augments absorption of calcium from the gut
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50
Q

Effect of calcitonin (3)

A
  1. Opposite to that of PTH
  2. Lowers serum calcium
  3. Acts by decreasing osteoclasis (bone resorption)
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51
Q

PTHrP is ……factor
Feature of PTHrP is…

A

Hypercalcemic

Important hormonal mediator of cancer associated hypercalcemia

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52
Q

Active form of calcium is in…..
A decrease in concentration of free calcium ions in plasma results in…(2)

A

Ionized form

  1. Increased neuromuscular irritability and tetany
  2. Chvostek sign
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53
Q

ECG finding of hypercalcemia

Hormones increased in stressful condition (4)

A

Prolong QT interval

  1. Adrenaline
  2. Vasopressin
  3. Cortisol
  4. Glucagon
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54
Q

In darkness activity of ……….is increased

A

Serotonin-N-acetyl transferase

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55
Q

Functions of LH (2)

A
  1. Stimulates ovulation
  2. Maintains corpus luteum
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56
Q

FSH receptors are present in …..

Capacitation occurs in ….
I’m female genital tract ,sperm don’t survive more than……hrs

A

Granulosa cells

Female genital tract
48 hrs

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57
Q

4-7Hz are called …..waves found in…..
3-5 Hz are called ……

A

Theta waves , hippocampus
Delta waves

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58
Q

Theory for color vision

Visibly range electromagnetic spectrum of human eye ….

A

Helm Holtz theory

370-740nm

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59
Q

Function of amacrine cells

A

Regulates relative color and luminosity of photoreceptive input under changing light.

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60
Q

Most sensitive pathway for stimulus of color contrast

A

Parvocellular pathway from lateral geniculate body-to visual cortex

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61
Q

Blobs of visual cortex are associated with…

Function of pacinian corpuscles

A

Color processing

Senses rapidly adapting touch,pressure,vibration

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62
Q

Region of CNS, which degenerate in Huntington’s disease

A

Caudate nucleus

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63
Q

Cingulate gyri and amygdaloid nucleus are part of …..

Wernicke’s aphasia is …..

A

Limbic system

Impaired comprehension of spoken and written language

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64
Q
  1. Broca’s aphasia is concerned with …..
  2. Nuclei of hypothalamus controlling shivering
  3. Nuclei of hypothalamus controlling thirst and water balance
A
  1. Word formation
  2. Posterior hypothalamus
  3. Supraoptic nuclei
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65
Q

Functions of hypothalamus (3)

A
  1. Food intake
  2. Hypophyseal control
  3. Non shivering thermogenesis -because of noradr, mediated by beta3 receptors
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66
Q

Hormone important for cold adaptation

Main excitatory neurotransmitter of CNS

A

Thyroxine

Glutamate

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67
Q

Flight or fight response include (3)

A
  1. Increased HR
  2. Increased Bp
  3. Increased TPR
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68
Q

Functions of neocerebellum

Function of basal nuclei/basal ganglia

A

Planning and programming of voluntary movements

Programming of movements

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69
Q

Caudate nucleus and lentiform nuclei are part of ….Brain structure

NO is AKA….

NO has half life of….

A

Basal ganglia
EDRF

4 secs (short t1/2)

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70
Q

NO acts as …(3)

Histamine is formed by …

A
  1. Free radical
  2. Vasodilator
  3. Oxidizing agent

Decarboxylation of histidine

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71
Q

Function of histamine

Effect of release of ANP (4)

A

Mediates triple response

  1. Excrete sodium and water(augment GFR)
  2. Inhibit sodium reabsorption in PCT
  3. Arteriolar and venous dilation (by antagonizing vasoconstrictors)
  4. decrease Bp
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72
Q

ANP acts by ….

Changes seen with exercise (3)

A

CGMP pathway

  1. Increases cardiac output
  2. Increased RR
  3. Blood flow to brain-unaltered
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73
Q

Changes with aging (2)

A

Vital capacity decreases
Hct remains same

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74
Q

Trypsinogen is converted to trypsin by …..
Renin is secreted by …..

A

Enterokinase
JG cells

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75
Q
  1. % gastric juice secreted in gastric phase
  2. Renin acts on which protein
A
  1. 50-60%
  2. Angiotensinogen
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76
Q
  1. Alveoli are kept dry due to ….
  2. Define bell megendie law
A
  1. Surfactant
  2. Principle that spinal cord dorsal roots are sensory and central roots are motor.
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77
Q
  1. Effect of PNS stimulation of airway resistance
  2. Order of activation of purkinje fibers
A
  1. Increased
  2. Septum-endocardium-epicardium
78
Q

Excitable tissue is least permeable to ….

Anemic hypoxia is due to …..

Anion gap is mostly due to ….

A

Sodium

Decreased O2 content in arterial blood

Proteins

79
Q

Which enzyme hydrolyses starch in mouth ?

Value of mean pulmonary artery pressure.

A
  1. Ptyalin
  2. 16mmHg
80
Q

Auditory receptors are present in which part of brain

Effect on respiration if there is a transaction at junction of medulla and pons .

A

Superior temporal gyrus

Gasping

81
Q

A person is working in hot environment and is taking more of water without salt. He is likely to have …..

Separation of first polar body occurs at time of ….

A

Heat cramps

Ovulation

82
Q

Which gland produces TSH?

Nerve fibres affected first in case of hypoxia

Site of action of osmotic diuretic is mainly…

A

Anterior pituitary

B fibers

PCT

83
Q

During cardiac cycle, opening of aortic valve takes place at the end of …..

A

Isovolumetric ventricular contraction

84
Q

Which valvular event occurs at the end of isometric relaxation phase?

Isometric relaxation is defined as….

A

Opening AV valves

Relaxation of both ventricles with AV and semilunar valves closed

85
Q

Preload leads to ….

S4 is produced due to …..

A

Ventricular systole

Ventricular wall turbulence due to late ventricular diastolic filling

86
Q

What happens to cardiac output when subject stands up from lying position?

Mean arterial pressure is defined as…

A

Decrease VR —> decreased EDV and reduction in Cardiac output.

COx TPR

87
Q

During diastole, arterial pressure is maintained by …..

Bp measured by sphygmomanometer is …..than intra arterial pressure

A

Elastic recoils of aorta

Higher

88
Q

Basis of korotkoff sounds

Single most important factor which controls myocardial contractility.

A

Turbulent blood flow in artery

Sympathetic control

89
Q

Effect of inhibition of vasomotor centre on Bp

Baroreceptor reflex causes a…..

A

Decrease

Decrease in Bp

90
Q

Vasodilation produced by CO2 is maximum in which organ.

Relationship of diameter of vessel with turbulence of blood flow

A

Brain

Indirect- more the diameter, less the turbulence

91
Q

Wind kessel effect is seen in …..

Velocity of blood is maximum in ……

A

Elastic arteries

Elastic arteries

92
Q

Distribution of blood flow is mainly regulated by ……

Microcirculation consists of which vessels….

A

Arterioles

Arterioles + capillaries + venules

93
Q

Perfusion pressure is calculated as …..

Blood supply to Brain is …..

A

Pressure in arterial end - pressure in Venular end of capillaries

55ml/100gm/minute

94
Q

Lewis triple response is mediated by …..

Flare in triple response is mediated by ….

Regulation of coronary circulation is by …..

A

Histamine

Axon reflex

Auto regulation

95
Q

Orthopnea in heart failure develops due to reservoir function of …..

Site of RBC production in 20 yr old healthy male is …..

A

Large veins in leg

Flat bones

96
Q

Metalloporphyrin help in jaundice by what mechanism

Proteins which prevent loss of hb from plasma

A

Inhibiting heme oxygenase

Hemopexin

97
Q

GCSF and GMCSF will result in the production of …..blood cells

Fibrinogen to fibrin is catalysed by …..

A

WBC

Thrombin

98
Q

The blood in the vessels normally do not clot due to ….

At what stage of erythropoesis
, does hb appear ?

A

Vascular endothelium lined with glacocalyx

Intermediate normoblast

99
Q

LVF is indicated if PAWP is more than …..

Half life of transfused platelets is …..

A

25 mmHg

3-6 days

100
Q

The first reactionary change to occur after hge is ….

Normal hepatic blood flow per minute is …

Mean life of transfused RBC is…

A

Vasoconstriction

50 cc/100 gm of liver tissue

60 days

101
Q

Liver has max o2 consumption. Which is the next organ ?

Preservative used for storing blood for transfusion is…..

A

Skeletal muscle

CDP-A

102
Q

Under normal resting condition, Cardiac output is…

Which of the following is produced by platelets during hge to produce vasoconstriction?

A

5.25 L/min

Serotonin

103
Q

…. Heart sound is heard immediately before the first heart sound when atrial pressure is high

Effect of calcitonin on calcium metabolism

A

Fourth

Decrease serum calcium

104
Q

Site of absorption of calcium

Inhibitory post synaptic potential is due to …..

Function of muscle spindle

A

Proximal SI

Chloride

Detects muscle length

105
Q

Action potential always obeys which law

Function of kupfer cells

Resorption of water is maximum at ….

A

All or none law

Phagocytosis

PCT

106
Q

Define axon hillock

Tyro of hypoxia in CO poisoning

A

Lowest threshold potential in a motor nerve fiber

Anemic

107
Q

Finding of atrial fibrillation on JVP

Pulmonary micro circulation differs from systemic micro circulation in having…..

A

Absent a waves

Low resistance
Low capillary pressure

108
Q

Blood supply during exercise is increased in …..

BMR depends on….

A

Heart

Body surface area

109
Q

Cell organelle which initiate the process of cell division

Define rheobase

A

Centriole

Least strength of current which excites the excitable tissue

110
Q

Mc naughten’s rule is for

Mercury acts on ……organ

A

Criminal responsibility of the insane

PCT(kidney)

111
Q

IOC for interstitial lung disease

Receptor for hearing

A

HRCT scan

Hair cells of organ of corti

112
Q

Weber Fechner Law is related with ….

Isovolumetric relaxation preceeds …..

A

Perception of stimulus

Ventricular ejection phase

113
Q

Serotonin is secreted by …..

Decrease oxygen content will shift the O2 dissociation curve to the ….

A

Enterochromaffin cells of GIT

Right

114
Q

Multiplying neurons are seen in….

Stimulation for sympathetic neuron growth.

A

Hippocampus

Nerve growth factor

115
Q

Effect of ANP (2)

A
  1. Relaxes vascular smooth muscle
  2. Decreases aldosterone secretion
116
Q

Surfactant protein production starts at ….

Hormonal response in hyperthermia

A

20 weeks of gestation

Stress response( increased GH, and adrenaline)

117
Q

Transducin is found in …..

Iodine uptake in thyroid gland is which type of transport

A

Retina

Secondary active

118
Q

Which hormone causes axillary hair growth ?

Source of HCG

A

Testosterone

Synctiotrophoblast

119
Q

In normal menstrual cycle , progesterone peaks on which day …..

Fertilized ovum reaches uterine cavity on which day ?

A

21st day

3-4th day

120
Q

Which cells secrete mullerian inhibiting substance?
Which cell secrete ABP?

A

Sertoli cell

Sertoli cell

121
Q

Which ion is more in gastric secretion as compared to blood?

Amount of gastric juice secreted in cephalic phase ?

A

Chloride

20%

122
Q

Which event facilitates high altitude acclimatization?

Ratio of anatomical dead space to tidal volume?

Co2 causes respiratory stimulation by …..

A

Increased RBC production

1:3

Central chemoreceptors

123
Q

Value of maximum absorption of glucose in a nephron?

Need for vitamin B12 and folic acid in the formation of RBC is primarily due to effects on…..

A

375mg

DNA synthesis on bone marrow

124
Q

Most important buffer in blood is….

Ion responsible for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

A

Hemoglobin

Calcium

125
Q

FFA is transported in blood by ….

Gamma globulin is produced by…

A

Albumin

Plasma cells

126
Q

Coronary blood flow in ml/min

Bainbridge reflex causes increase in …..

A

250 ml/min

Heart rate

127
Q

Marey’s law relates heart rate with ….

Effect of pressure on carotid sinus

A

Arterial Bp

Decrease in HR and TPR

128
Q

Effect of increases HR on stroke volume

Maximum filling of ventricles is observed in ……phase of cardiac cycle.

A

Decreased stroke volume

Diastole

129
Q

Most powerful Bp regulator in normal arterial pressure range

Function of cerebrocerebellum

A

Baroreceptors

Planning of movements

130
Q

Cells equivalent to macrophages

Pre-accelerin is also known as factor …

Condition in which 2,3 DPG is decreased .

A

Histiocytes

7

Acidosis

131
Q

Function of 2,3 DPG

Factor delaying gastric emptying

A

Decreased binding of oxygen and Hb

Acid in duodenum

132
Q

Major protein of bone

Cells with longest life span

Which sensory fibers are LEAST susceptible to hypoxia?

A

Collagen type 1

Macrophages

Type 4

133
Q

Basic rhythm of respiration is maintained by ….

Level of which hormone remains unchanged in mentrual cycle

A

Prebotzinger complex

Activin

134
Q

Acrosome of sperm is derived from …

A

Golgi body

135
Q

Chemoreceptors in medulla are sensitive to …..

Pancreatic lipase requires which substance to digest lipids

Max PG conc found in …..

A

H+ in CSF

Colipase

Seminal fluid

136
Q

Hepcidin inhibits …..

Human cardiac muscle contains ….

Time needed for development of spermatozoa from spermatogonium

A

Transfer of iron into enterocytes

Both alpha and beta heavy chains of myosin

70-75 days

137
Q

Processing of tactile stimulation is ….

Hypercapnia acts on ventilation through …..

A

Area 1,2,3

Type 1 glomus cells in carotid bodies

138
Q

Apical membrane of parietal cells contain which channels

Purely depolarising cells in optic pathway

Purkinje fivers are ….

A

H+K+ATPASE

Amacrine cells

Modified cardiac cells

139
Q

Sensitivity of central chemoreceptors in COPD

Max equilibrium potential is for …..ion

A

Decreased H+

K+

140
Q

In laminar flow, what happens to blood flow of diameter of vessel is reduced to half ?

Feature of decorticate rigidity

A

Blood flow decreases by 16 times

Less pronounced than decerebrate

141
Q

Total body water volume

Max air volume in lung

142
Q

Receptor of inverse stretch reflex

Motor supply to muscle spindle is through

A

Golgi tendon organ

Gamma neuron

143
Q

Tonic clinic reflex is lost in lesion of ……

Reflex absent in decorticate animal …..

Stagnant hypoxia is seen in ……

A

Medulla

Long loop stretch reflex

Shock

144
Q

In early phase division of spermatogonia is by …..

Maximum Co2 is in which vessels …..

A

Mitosis

Pulmonary artery

145
Q

Neurotransmitter in subthalamic nuclei

Active tension in a muscle depends on …..

A

Glutamate

No of motor units recruited

146
Q

Coronary blood flow is regulated by …..

Initial rapid repolarization in cardiac muscles is mediated through ……

Fructose uptake in small intestine is via …..

A

Local muscle action and reflexes

Closure of sodium channels

Facilitated diffusion by GLUT5

147
Q

Troponin C mediated function is of ….

Ferritin biosynthesis is regulated by serum levels of which substance

PTH increases calcium absorption by acting at …..

A

Actin

Iron

DCT

148
Q

Which form of vit D is measured in serum?

Which GLUT facilitates glucose diffusion in RBC?

Baseline membrane potential of hair cells

A

25-OH vit D

GLUT 1

-60mv

149
Q

Function of Golgi apparatus

BBB is absent in ……

Bile acids are reabsorbed from …..

A

Glycosylation

Neurohypophysis

Ileum

150
Q

2nd messenger in vagal bradycardia

Shape of Hb dissociation curve is sigmoid shape because ….

How is smooth muscle physiology different from skeletal muscle physiology?

A

CAMP

Co-operativity phenomenon

Troponin is absent

151
Q

Collecting duct has which cells?

Which is a Gprotein coupled receptor?

Signal from baroreceptor goes to ……

A

Principle and intercalated cells

M2 muscarinic

Rostral Ventrolateral medulla

152
Q

Normal respiratory compliance

Negative intrapleural pressure is due to …..

A

200ml/cm water

Absorption by lymphatics

153
Q

Max storage of magnesium is in ….

Which substance inhibits iron absorption?

Function of basal ganglia from thalamus is controlled by ….

A

Bones

Hepcidin

Anterior nucleus

154
Q

Nerve growth factor is required for growth of …..

Fastest conduction is in which modality of sense

A

Sympathetic neurons

Proprioception

155
Q

In which type of hypoxia AV o2 difference is maximum

When does apneusis occurs?

A

Stagnant

Lesions in mid pontine with damaged vagus

156
Q

Down regulation of hormone means

Vagal stimulation in heart causes decrease in heart rate by …..

Max pressure in ventricle is …..

A

Decreases affinity to receptors

Decrease in slope of prepotential

120mmHg

157
Q

Major contribution to semen is from…..

Value of reduced HB in blood is normally ….

Important role of DCT in acid base balance

A

Seminal vesicle

3%

Secretion of ammonia

158
Q

Fertilisation is complete when …..

Pyrogens act on which site of brain

Equilibrium potential of chloride ions is ….

A

2nd polar body is formed

Hypothalamus

-70mV

159
Q

Sequence of transport of seminal vesicles

A

Endoplasmic reticulum —> Cis end of Golgi apparatus—> trans-end of Golgi apparatus—> cell membrane

160
Q

Define single breath nitrogen method

Inside hepatocyte, bilirubin is bonded by ….protein

A

Method of measurement of how much inspired air ventilates the alveoli

Ligandin

161
Q

Minimum filtration through glomerulus is for …..

Action potential generates from …..

A

Myoglobin

Initial segment of nerve

162
Q

Location of satiety centre

Muscle tone is maintained by …..

A

Ventrolateral

Muscle spindle

163
Q

Kinesthetic sensation is transmitted by …..nerve

Renin secretion is not increased by ….

A

Beta type of sensory nerve

Sodium in PCT

164
Q

Not a content of gastric juice

Oxygen affinity is NOT increased by ….

Blood supply during exercise is increased in….

A

Calcium

Hypoxia

Coronary circulation

165
Q

Structure NOT forming a filtration barrier in nephrons

166
Q

Appreciation of shape and size of an object placed in hand is lost in lesion of ….

Enzyme NOT secreted by endocrinology part of pancreas

A

Tractus cuneatus

Chymotripsin

167
Q

Brain uses …..in times of starvation

Protein estimation test is confused with ….

A

Ketones

Phosphates

168
Q

Furasol Da is used to …

2,3DPG is found in higher conc in ….

A

Used to increase O2 delivery to tissues

Adult blood

169
Q

Not a known function in hypothalamus

Increased ratio of insulin to glucagon causes…

A

Increase in heart rate with exercise

Decreased level of cAMP

170
Q

After traumatic blood loss, first change noticed in peripheral blood is…

In SI absorptive rate of sugar is highest for ….

A

Reticulocytosis

Hexose

171
Q

Role of vitamin K in lost translational modification of clotting factors is by ….

Shivering is caused by stimulation of fibres coming from….

A

Carboxylation

Posterior hypothalamus

172
Q

Mechanism of heat loss from a normal person when environmental temperature is 106F/41 C and relative humidity <10% is….

Radius of great vessel increased by 2 times, velocity of blood is ….

A

Radiation

Decreased by 4 times

173
Q

Glomerular filteration of substance depends on …..

Which plasma protein maximally increases plasma velocity?

What is controlled by tubuloglomerular feedback?

A

Binding capacity of albumin

Globulin

GFR

174
Q

Deficiency of somatomedin C results in…..

Most important intercellular buffer

Glomerulotubular feedback is for regulation of absorption of …..

A

Growth retardation

Phosphate

Sodium

175
Q

Total surface area of respiratory membrane is ….

Effect of platelet activating factor is …..

A

100m2

Mesangial cell contraction

176
Q

Poiseuille equation is ….

A

Blood flow directly proportional to 4th power of radius

177
Q

Unspecified pain pathway is for which type of pain

In average adult, stroke volume per minute is …

A

Psychogenic pain

60-70cc

178
Q

Coronary blood flow is ….

GLUT2 is involved in active transport of glucose in …..

Glomerular capillary pressure is …..

A

250ml/min

Small intestine

60mmHg

179
Q

Which hormone decreases instestinal motility

Ph of gastric HCL is ….

Gastro colic reflex is related to …..

A

Glucagon

0.8

Recital contraction

180
Q

Pressure is transmitted by which tract …..

Receptors to touch

A

Anterior spinothalamic tract

Merkels disc

181
Q

Oxygen content in saturated arterial blood is ….

Basic repiratory rhythm is generated in the ….

A

19.4ml/100ml

Medulla

182
Q

Cyanosis is seen in which type of hypoxia

Peak testosterone levels are seen at about ….

Plasma volume is ….

A

Stagnant

7-8 pm

3500ml

183
Q

Motility of cell is due to which protein

In excitable cells, repolarization is most closely associated with efflux of ……

A

Tubulin

Potassium ions

184
Q

Cardiac muscle acts as a syncytium because of structural presence of ……

Conduction of nerve impulses at synapse is unidirectional because of ……

A

Gap junctions

Dendrites and body have no neurotransmitters

185
Q

Free hb can’t be filtered through glomerulus because of …..

Skeletal muscle contraction ends when …

A

It’s large size

Decreased calcium outside reticulum

186
Q

LH surge is associated with …….

Effect of Bainbridge reflex

A

Increase estrogen, decrease progesterone

Tachycardia

187
Q

While doing a neurosurgery, the paracentral lobule was accidentally damaged, this will result in …..

A

Involvement of Perinium and lower limbs

188
Q

1 alpha OH in vit D metabolism takes place in ….

Trace element reabsorbed in proximal intestine is ….

A

Kidney

Iron

189
Q

A man can’t digest CHO due to deficiency of …..

While measuring Bp a patient reports abnormal feeling in finger tips following involuntary spasm of fingers due to ….

A

Amylase

Hypocalcemic tetany

190
Q

Which clotting factor is initiator of extrinsic pathway of coagulation

If diameter of lumen is decreased by half, velocity of blood would be ….

A

Factor 7

Increased by 4 times

191
Q

Increase in GFR is observed if there is decrease in …..

A

Glomerular capillary oncotic pressure

Neet Pg (11 decks)

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