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Obstetrics Flashcards

1
Q

Placental circulation is established on the …..day of fertilisation

A

17th

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2
Q

What is Nitabuch’s layer?

A

Zone of fibrinoid degeneration-where trophoblasts and decidua meet (in placenta)

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3
Q

CVS done before 13 weeks lead to ….

Amniotic fluid at 12 weeks is …..

Amniotic fluid at term is ….

A

Oromandibular limb defects

50ml

600-800ml

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4
Q

Amniotic fluid is replaced every ……hrs

Causes of oligohydramnios (2)

A

3 hrs

  1. Renal agenesis
  2. Obstructive uropathy
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5
Q

Causes of polyhydrammios (2)

Structurally HCG has …… subunits

HCG is a ……

A

Esophageal atresia
Duodenal atresia

2 subunits

Glycoprotein

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6
Q

Signs of pregnancy (6)

A
  1. Jacquemier’s sign
  2. Goodell’s sign
  3. Hegar’s sign
  4. Piskacek’s sign
  5. Osiander’s sign
  6. Palmers sign
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7
Q

Define Jacqueimer’s sign
Seen at ….weeks

A

Chadwick’s sign
Congestion of pelvis—> blue/purplish hue of vagina/cervix

8 weeks

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8
Q

Define Goodell’s sign
Seen at …..

A

Cyanosis and softening of cervix
Seen at 6 weeks

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9
Q

Define Hegar’s sign
Seen at …

A

Compressibility of isthmus on bimanual examination
Seen at 6-10 weeks

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10
Q

Piskacek’s sign define
Seen at …..weeks

A

Softening of cervix with lateral implantation
7-8 th week

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11
Q

Define osiander sign. Seen at …..

A

Pulsations in lateral vaginal fornix
Seen at 8 weeks

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12
Q

Define palmers sign . Seen at…weeks

Signs seen at 6 weeks (2)

A

Rhythmic contraction of uterus
Seen at 4-8 weeks

Goodell’s sign
Hegar’s sign

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13
Q

Minimum number of antenatal visits

Ideal number of antenatal visits

A

4

12-14

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14
Q

Pregnancy is confirmed by …(3)

A

Fetal heart rate
Fetal movements
Fetal sac on USG

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15
Q

Transverse diameter > AP diameter in …..pelvis
AP diameter > transverse diameter in …..pelvis

A

Platypelloid pelvis/ flat pelvis

Anthropoid pelvis

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16
Q

Least common type of pelvis is …..

Deep transverse arrest or persistent occipital posterior position seen in …..

A

Platypelloid pelvis

Android pelvis

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17
Q

Face to pubis deliver is common in …..

Shortest diameter of pelvic inlet

A

Anthropoid pelvis

Obstetrics conjugate

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18
Q

Shortest diameter of fetal skull
Largest diameter of fetal skull

A

Bimastoid 7.5cm

Mentovertical 14 cm

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19
Q

Define presentation

Presenting part in submentovertical diameter

A

Feral part which lie over the inlet

Face

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20
Q

Presentatimg part in submentobregmatic

Presentation in
Suboccipitobregmatic
Suboccipitofrontal

A

Face

Vertex- mc LOA

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21
Q

Define placenta succenturiata

A
  1. One or more small lobes of placenta
  2. Size of a cotyledon

May be placed at varying distances from the main placental margin

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22
Q

Define placenta extrachorialis

A

Circumvallate placenta
Fetal surface shows a central zone surrounded by thick white ring - composed of double fold of amnion

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23
Q

Define placenta marginata

A

Thin fibrous ring at the margin of chorionic plate where fetal vessels appear to terminate .

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24
Q

Define placenta membranacea

A

Unduly large thin placenta

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25
Q

Battledore placenta

A

Cord attached to the margin of placenta

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26
Q

Velamentous placenta

A

Cord attached to the membranes

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27
Q

Placenta accrete

Placenta increta

Placenta percreta

A

Placenta is directly anchored to the myometrium

Varying degrees of penetration of the villi into muscle bundles

Penetration of villi upto serosal surface

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28
Q

Total favorable bishop score is

Less favourable score is ….

A

6-13

5 or less

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29
Q

Bishop score includes (5)

A

Dilatation of cervix
Effacement of cervix
Consistency of cervix
Position of cervix
Station of head

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30
Q

Define partogram

A

Graphical representation of stages of labour

Assessment of labor

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31
Q

Stages of labour

A

1st: onset of labor to dilatation of cervix
6-20 hrs in primigravida
2-10 hrs in multigravida

2nd: from full dilatation of cervix to delivery of baby

3rd stage: delivery of baby to delivery of placenta

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32
Q

What are the lochia that are found ?

A

Lochia rubra (1-4days)
Lochia serosa (5-9 days)
Lochia alba (10-15 days

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33
Q

Define abortion

Causes of 1st trimester abortion (2)

A

Expulsion of fetus <500gms/ before 20 weeks

Chromosomal aberration
Embryonic defect

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34
Q

Mc cause of 1st trimester abortion

Management of cervical incompetence (2)

A

Trisomy 16

Shirodkar’s procedure
Mc Donald’s procedure

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35
Q

Puerperium last for ……weeks after delivery

Uterus becomes a pelvic organ after …..weeks of delivery

A

6 weeks

2 weeks

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36
Q

Mc site of puerperal infection

Mc route of spread of puerperal infection

A

Site of placental attachment

Direct spread

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37
Q

Ectopic pregnancy is associated with..(4)

A
  1. Tubal disease
  2. Endometriosis
  3. PID
  4. Progesterasert
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38
Q

Mc presentation of EP is …

Expelled products in EP have origin from ….

A

Pain

Decidua Vera

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39
Q

Mc type of EP which ruptures is ……

Medical management of EP.(2)

A

Isthmic

Methotrexate
Actinomycin D

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40
Q

Surgery for unruptured tubal pregnancy

Clinical presentation of EP (5)

A

Salpingostomy

  1. Ab pain
  2. Amenorrhea
  3. Ab mass and empty uterus on USG
  4. Shock
  5. Fluid in pouch of Douglas; aspiration reveals dark coloured fluid that does not clot.
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41
Q

H mole is associated with ..(3)

Rx of choice for H mole.

A
  1. PIH
  2. Thyrotoxicosis
  3. Hyperemesis

Suction-evacuation

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42
Q

Histological feature for H mole

Molar pregnancy is diagnosed in ….trimester

A

Hydropic degeneration

First trimester

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43
Q

Mc heart disease ass with pregnancy

Pregnancy with worst prognosis

Heart showing highest mortality

A

Mitral stenosis

Pulmonary HTN

Eisenmengers syndrome

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44
Q

Pathological murmur heart in pregnancy

Condition in which pregnancy is to be terminated (2)

A

Diastolic murmur

Primary pulmonary HTN
Eisenmenger syndrome

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45
Q

Mc type on conjoined twins

Mc mortality cause in twins is…

A

Thoracophagus

Prematurity

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46
Q

Retraction ring is known as ….

Cause of retraction ring

A

Bandl’s ring

Obstructed labour

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47
Q

Location of Bandl’s ring

A

Always at junction of upper and lower segment
Progressively moves upward

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48
Q

PE for Bandl’ s ring

A

Tenderness present
Palpation:
Fetal parts are not felt
Ring felt
Round ligaments felt
Fetal heart sounds are usually absent

Vaginal exam: Ring is not felt

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49
Q

Management of Bandl’s ring

Incidence of perinatal transmission of HIV can be reduced by …(4)

A

To relieve obstruction

  1. LSCS
  2. Antiretroviral prophylaxis -zidovudine
  3. Avoid breast feeding
  4. Intrapartum Nevirapine
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50
Q

Procedures for delivery of head in breech presentation (2)

A

Burn Marshall technique
Maureciau-Smeille-Veit method

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51
Q

Management of shoulder dystocia (2)

A
  1. Apply suprapubic pressure
  2. Mc Roberts procedure
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52
Q

Earliest sign on USG for Rh incompatibility

Prognosis of Rh incompatibility depend on…

A

Skin Edema

Serum bilirubin

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53
Q

Management of Rh incompatibility

A

Immediate cord ligation
AntiD to mother within 72 hours

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54
Q

Diabetic Nephropathy in pregnancy

Effects of diabetes on mother (4)

A

Progresses and worsens

  1. Chorioamnionitis
  2. Endometritis
  3. Postpartum bleeding
  4. Increased risk of death in those with diabetic cardiomyopathy
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55
Q

HTN in pregnancy can be predicted by …test

Eclampsia is defined as ….

A

Gant’s roll over test

HTN,proteinuria,edema,convulsions

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56
Q

Mc type of eclampsia is

Cause of convulsions in eclampsia

A

Antepartum

Cerebral anoxia

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57
Q

Earliest symptom of PIH

Sudden loss of vision in PIH is due to …

A

Rapid weight gain in pregnancy

Retinal detachment

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58
Q

Toxicity of MgSO4 is monitored by (3)

A
  1. Urinary output
  2. RR
  3. Knee jerk
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59
Q

Complications of preeclampsia is (4)

A
  1. Eclampsia
  2. HELLP syndrome
  3. Cerebral Hge
  4. ARDS
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60
Q

Types of placenta previa (4)

A

Type 1: lateral
Type 2: marginal
Type 3: incomplete Central
Type 4: central

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61
Q

Type 1 placenta previa is …

A
  1. Major part of placenta is attached to upper segment
  2. Only lower margin encroaches onto lower segment
  3. But not upto the os
  4. 5cm above the os
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62
Q

Type 2 placenta previa is ….

A

Placenta reaches the internal os, but does not cover it.

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63
Q

Incomplete central placenta is …

A

Placenta completely covers the internal is when closed
But not entirely do so when fully dilated

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64
Q

Central placenta previa is …

A

Placenta entirely covers the internal os even after it is fully dilated

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65
Q

Dangerous placenta previa is …

A

Type 2 posterior
As it prevents engagement of head, preventing compression of separated placenta to stop bleeding

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66
Q

Mild placenta previa are…
Major placenta previa are …..

A
  1. Types 1&2 anterior
  2. Type 2 posterior , and Types 3&4
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67
Q

Fetal heart sounds in abruptio placenta are …..
Uterus is ….(3)

A

Absent

Tense , tender and rigid

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68
Q

PPH is said to occur if …..

Drugs used for PPH (2)

A

Blood loss is >500cc

  1. Misoprostol PGE1
    Carboprost -methylPGF2 alpha
  2. Ergometrine
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69
Q

Cause of uterine inversion is …

Complications of 3rd stage of labour (2)

A

Mismanaged 3rd stage of labour

Hemorrhage
Neurogenic shock

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70
Q

Idiopathic cholestasis of pregnancy occurs in …..trimester

Most common symptom

A

3rd trimester

Generalized pruritis

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71
Q

Labs for idiopathic cholestasis of pregnancy

A

Raised levels of
ALP, AST, ALT

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72
Q

Rx of idiopathic cholestasis of pregnancy

Late deceleration in HR is indicative of ….(2)

A

Urso-deoxy-cholic acid/ ursodiol

Utero placental insufficiency
Fetal hypoxia

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73
Q

Variable deceleration is indicative of ….

A

Umbilical cord compression

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74
Q

BPP predicts (2)

A
  1. Fetal asphyxia
  2. Risk of fetal death in antenatal period
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75
Q

Parameters in BPP (5)

A
  1. Non stress test
  2. Amniotic fluid volume
  3. Fetal breathing movements
  4. Fetal movements
  5. Fetal tone
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76
Q

Maternal AFP is lowered in….

A

Trisomies

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77
Q

Maternal AFP is raised in…(6)

A
  1. Wrong gestational age
  2. Multiple pregnancy
  3. Anterior ab wall defects
  4. Open NTD
  5. Renal anomalies
  6. IUFD
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78
Q

Organisms crossing placenta (7)

A
  1. Syphilis
  2. HIV
  3. Hepatitis B&C
  4. Parvovirus
  5. Toxoplasma
  6. Rubella
  7. CMV
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79
Q

Transplacental transmission of toxoplasmosis in different trimesters

A

First:
Transmission is less, but disease is severe

Third:
Transmission is more, but disease is less severe

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80
Q

External podalic version is done for

A

Breech and transverse lie after 37 weeks
Conversion done by external manipulation only

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81
Q

Internal podalic version is done for …

A

Transverse lie in case of second baby of twins

Conversion is done by one hand introduced into the uterus and other on the abdomen

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82
Q

Indications of forceps application. (9)

A
  1. Delay in second stage of labor
  2. LBW baby
  3. Postmaturity
  4. Maternal distress
  5. Appearance of fetal distress
  6. Cord prolapse
  7. After coming head of breech
  8. Preeclampsia
  9. Post cesarean pregnancy
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83
Q

Conditions to be fulfilled for forceps application. (7)

A
  1. Membranes must have ruptured
  2. Head must be engaged-station>+2
  3. No obstruction should be present
  4. Suitable presentation and position
  5. Cervix must be fully dilated and effaced
  6. Live baby
  7. Uterus actively contracting and relaxing
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84
Q

Indications of using ventouse (4)

A
  1. As an alternative to forceps
  2. Deep transverse arrest with adequate pelvis
  3. Delay in descent of head of second baby of twins
  4. Delay in first stage due to uterine inertia or primary cervical dystocia
85
Q

Contraindications of ventouse (9)

A
  1. Prematurity
  2. Head is not engaged
  3. Fetal distress
  4. Pelvic contraction
  5. Transverse lie
  6. After coming head of breech
  7. Partially dilated cervix
  8. Congenital anomalies
  9. Dead fetus
86
Q

Complications of ventouse (4)

A
  1. Cephalhematoma
  2. Sub aponeurotic or subgaleal hemorrhage
  3. Chignon
  4. Retinal hge
87
Q

Indications for classical cesarean (8)

A
  1. Previous classical cesarean
  2. Neglected shoulder with anhydramnios
  3. Structural abnormality making approach to lower segment difficult
  4. Construction ring due to neglected labor
  5. Fibroids in lower segment
  6. Anterior placenta accreta and previa
  7. Postmortem cesarean section
  8. Very preterm fetus where lower segment is poorly formed .
88
Q

Single best parameter for estimation of fetal age in second trimester

Hba1c value of more than …..% indicates great chances of fetal malformation

A

Biparietal diameter

9.5%

89
Q

Rupture of membrane, after 37th week but before onset of labor is known as ….

Values of HCG,MSAFP, and estriol in triple test for Down’s syndrome are

A

Term premature ROM

Raised,low ,low.

90
Q

Halo of deuel suggests….

When there is infiltrating of blood and fluid in between muscle bundles of uterus, it is known as …..

A

IUFD

Couvelaire uterus

91
Q

……….crystals are seen in hilus cell tumor

Signet cell tumor is seen in……tumor

Sample taken for hormonal studies of vagina is from…..

A

Reinke’s

Krukenberg tumor

Lateral vaginal wall

92
Q

Any 2 tumors against which OCP are protective

Max levels of HCG are seen between ……days of pregnancy

A

Ovarian, uterine ca

60-70

93
Q

In lactating females, post delivery ovulation returns by ….weeks

In non lactating females; post delivery ovulation returns by …..weeks

A

10 weeks

4 weeks

94
Q

Post coital test is used to asses ……..factors as cause of infertility

Longest part of fallopian tube is ……

A

Cervical

Ampulla

95
Q

Implantation begins on …….day

In pregnancy, maternal blood volume increases by ……%

A

6th day

40%

96
Q

Post term pregnancy continues beyond ……days

Earliest sign of intrauterine death

A

294 days

Intra aortic gas (Robert sign)

97
Q

Earliest anomaly detected on USG

Level of MgSO4 to prevent seizures ….

A

Anencephaly

4-7mg/ml

98
Q

Recurrence rate of HELLP syndrome

Immediate complication of 10IU of oxytocin bolus

99
Q

Changes in cervix in pregnancy

Frog eye appearance is seen in …..

A

Increase in collagen

Anencephaly

100
Q

Large chorioangioma is associated with ….

Shortest diameter of pelvic cavity

Shortest diameter of AP plane

A

Polyhydramnios

Interspinous diameter

Obstetric conjugate

101
Q

Early amniocentesis is done at gestational age of ….

Litzmann obliquity is ….

A

12-14 weeks

Posterior asynctilism

102
Q

Type of ectopic pregnancy which commonly ruptures

Syphillis is transmitted in which week of pregnancy

A

Isthmic

28th

103
Q

Mc cause of pyometra

% breech presentation

A

Carcinoma cervix

3%

104
Q

Total iron requirement by mother :

Total iron requirement for fetus

A

1000mg/ 1 gm

300mg

105
Q

Weight gain in normal pregnancy

Placenta develops from …..(2)

A

10-12 kg

Decidua basalis
Chorion frondosum

106
Q

Ratio of fetal weight to placental weight

Neurological defects in newborn of diabetic lady (2)

A

6:1

Caudal regression syndrome
Spina bifida

107
Q

Most common side effect of progesterone only pill

Cervix effacement suggestive of labor

A

Irregular breakthrough bleeding

15mm

108
Q

A sure sign of labor is formation of ……

Rate of dilatation in latent stage of labor….

A

Bag of waters

1cm/hr

109
Q

A common indication of classical cesarean section (2)

A

Dense adhesion in LUS
Central type 4 placenta previa

110
Q

Cardiac output returns to prepregnant state in how many weeks after labor…

Iodine requirement in pregnancy

A

4 weeks

220microgm

111
Q

Complication of succenturiate placenta

Fibrinogen level in pregnancy is ……by ….%

A

Risk of PPH

Increased by 10-25%

112
Q

Maximum cardiac output is seen in …..period

I’m early pregnancy, level of HCG doubles every …..

A

Immediate post partum period

2 days

113
Q

Fetal growth is maximally affected by …..

Role of human placental lactogen

A

Insulin

Growth of fetus

114
Q

Uterine blood flow at term is ……

At what period is cystitis/ frequency of urine is present in pregnancy?

A

500-750ml/min

Before 16 weeks

115
Q

Most sensitive/gold standard test for assessing beta HCG in maternal serum

Shortest diameter of fetal head.

A

Radio-immunoassay

Bimastoid

116
Q

Which is useful in distinguishing between open neural tube defects and ventral wall defect in fetus?

A lady giving birth to a baby is known as ….

A

Pseudo-choli esterase

Parturient

117
Q

Involution of uterus occurs at rate of …..

Earliest sign of immune hydrops on USG.

A

1.25cm/day

Scalp edema

118
Q

Mc type of compound presentation.

Mc cause of pregnant lady presenting with fulminant hepatitis

A

Head and hand

Hepatitis E virus

119
Q

Best time to diagnose fetal anomalies by USG

Mc presentation of H mole

A

18 weeks

Bleeding per vaginum

120
Q

Most common cause of uterovesical fistula in india is ….

LBW baby is defined as….

A

Obstructed labor

Weight less than 2.5 kg

121
Q

Increase in cardiac output in pregnancy is by ….

Uterus reaches upto umbilical level at ….

A

40%

24 weeks

122
Q

Ideal time for screening of blood sugar to rule out diabetes in pregnant female

Vitamin deficiency seen in hyperemesis gravidarum

A

24-28 weeks

Vitamin B1 & vitamin K

123
Q

In delayed clamping of cord; how much extra blood does baby receive ?

Structures removed in total hysterectomy

A

50-100ml

Uterus and cervix

124
Q

Mc germ cell tumor of ovary

Rare complication of fibroid is ….

A

Dermoid cyst

Sarcomatous change

125
Q

Not a clinical feature of pseudocyesis

A

Enlargement of uterus

126
Q

Shake test / bubble test is done to assess….
This test is not done for ….

A

Lung maturity

PIH

127
Q

Pap test in pregnancy is ……

Not an indicator of fetal distress….

Fetal blood loss in abnormal cord insertion is seen in …..

A

Routine test

Fetal blood ph >7.32

Vasa previa

128
Q

X-day pelvimetry is not done in

Drug used for post coital contraception

Not a component of manning score

A

Severe CPD

RU486

Oxytocin challenge test

129
Q

Not useful in establishing antenatal diagnosis

Common congenital malformation seen in diabetic pregnant woman

A

Decidua

Cardiac defects

130
Q

Feature of contracted pelvis

Type of pelvis associated with increased incidence of face to pubis delivery

A

Transverse diameter 10cm

Anthropoid

131
Q

Rupture of membrane is said to be premature if it occurs …

Likely weight of uterus at 8 weeks post partum

A

Prior to first stage of labour

100gm

132
Q

IUGR is defined as

A

Birth weight below 10th of average gestational age

133
Q

Not an absolute C/I for IUCD

Mc cause of maternal mortality in India is ….

A

Congenital malformation of uterus

Hemorrhage

134
Q

Treatment of inevitable abortion in 10th week of pregnancy

Use of steroids in neonates is required in …….condition

A

Dilatation and evacuation

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

135
Q

Mc medical indication of IVF

Jaundice at birth or within 24 hrs of birth is commonly due to …..

A

Abnormality of fallopian tube

Erythroblastosis fetalis

136
Q

Management of choriocarcinoma

Fetal scalp Edema on USG is suggestive of …

A

Methotrexate

Rh incompatibility

137
Q

Activity of corpus luteum is maintained by ….

Peak growth velocity in adolescent girls is seen just after

A

LH

Appearance of pubic hair and axillary hair

138
Q

Phocomelia is ……

IUCD with half life of 10 years

A

Defect in long bones

CuT380A

139
Q

Mc cause of 10th day post partum bleeding is ….

Anencephaly can be diagnosed at earliest at …….weeks

A

Retained bits of placenta

8-10 weeks

140
Q

When is folic acid started in pregnancy?

Mc cause of death of baby in vasa previa is …..

A

One month prior to conception

Fetal exsanguination

141
Q

Maximum amniotic fluid is at what weeks?

Clinical alarming sign of MgSO4 toxicity.

A

36 weeks

Loss of knee jerk reflex

142
Q

Quadruple test is done for …..

Fertilised ovum reaches the uterus at what day of menstrual cycle

A

Down’s syndrome

17th day

143
Q

Chorionic villi biopsy is done earliest in which week of gestation

At 20 weeks; amniotic fluid is …..ml

A

11 week

400ml

144
Q

Mc risk factor for rupture of scarred uterus is …..

Beta HCG is detected earliest by which day of conception

A

Use of oxytocin in labour

8 days

145
Q

Criteria for puerperal pyrexia is ….

Spielberg criteria is used for …..

A

Temperature >100.4 F on 2 separate occasions

Ovarian pregnancy

146
Q

Biochemical marker of preeclampsia is ….

HTN value in preeclampsia is …….

A

Serum Uric acid

> 140/90mmHg

147
Q

Rise of systolic Bp to label PIH

A

> 30mmHg
15mmHg for diastolic Bp

148
Q

Value of proteinuria in preeclampsia

Incidence of preeclampsia in primigravidae.

A

> 0.3gm/24 hours urine

10% (5% in multogravidae)

149
Q

Protein excreted in the urine in preeclampsia ….. %…..

Pathological changes in preeclampsia

A

Albumin
50-60%

Endothelial dysfunction and vasospasm

150
Q

Incidence of HELLP syndrome in preeclampsia

Management of HELLP syndrome

A

10-15%

MgSO4

151
Q

Haematological changes in preeclampsia

Weight gain that is significant in preeclampsia

A

Hemoconcentration

> 5lb a month and >1lb a week in later months

152
Q

Gant roll over test is performed at what weeks of gestation

% women with positive roll over test developing HTN later

A

28-32 weeks

33%

153
Q

What should be included in the diet of a preeclampsia person ?

Detection of free feral DNA in maternal blood in early pregnancy may be an indicator of….

A

About 100gm of protein

Preeclampsia

154
Q

Predisposing factor for placenta previa

Surfactant appears in amniotic fluid at …..

A

Past caesarean section

28 weeks

155
Q

On Doppler studies, an omnious sign of IUGR is …..

Single best parameter to assess fetal well being is …..

A

Increased systolic /diastolic ratio

Abdominal circumference

156
Q

Energy requires by a pregnant lady doing moderate work

Blood volume returns to normal prepregnant levels after how many weeks of labour

A

2580 Kcal/day

1 week

157
Q

Risk factor for trial of labour for moderate CPD

A

Abnormal uterine contraction

158
Q

A pregnant woman is on anticoagulant therapy is shifted to heparin at …..week

Pregnancy Tumor is ….

A

36 weeks

Pyogenic granuloma

159
Q

Puerperal infection occurs upto…..

At what period does TB flare up in pregnant woman

Widest transverse diameter of fetal skull

A

2 weeks

Puerperium

Biparietal

160
Q

Chemical pregnancy means

A

+BHCG
Absent gestational sac

161
Q

Sex organ /gonadal differentiation is completed by what age (………weeks)

Radiological investigations in a female of reproductive age should be restricted to ….

A

12 weeks

First 10 days of menstrual cycle

162
Q

Dosage of folate for prevention of recurrent NTD

Banana and lemon sign are seen in ……

163
Q

Effective pressure to be achieved in vacuum extraction.

164
Q

Cervical ripening is because of ……PG

Dose of dexamethasone to prevent respiratory distress of newborns

A

PGE2

6mg BD x 4 doses

165
Q

Number of fontanelle present in a newborn

Mc cause of secondary PPH

Mc cause of retained placenta .

A

6

Retained fragments of placenta

Atonic uterus

166
Q

Bandl’s ring is caused by …..

Antiprogestin used for abortion

Minimum age for giving consent for medical termination of pregnancy

A

CPD

Mifepristone

18 years

167
Q

Couvelaire uterus is seen in ….

Highest maternal mortality is seen in which congenital heart disease

A

Accidental Hge

Eisenmengers complex

168
Q

B-lynch stitch is applied on the uterus for treatment of …..

PPH is blood loss of 500cc or more within

A

Atonic uterus

24hrs or more within 3rd stage of labor

169
Q

Dose of misoprostol in emergency management of PPH

Use of ventouse is preferred over forceps in the delivery of ……

A

600microgm

Occipito-anterior position

170
Q

Absolute indication for LSCS

Best investigation for dating pregnancy

A

Type 4 placenta previa

Crown rump length at 9 weeks

171
Q

Most specific marker for NTD

A woman dies from heart disease 6 days after delivery. This would come under ….

A

Acetylcholinesterase

Indirect maternal death

172
Q

Post term labour is seen in….

Increased nuchal translucency at 14 weeks gestation is seen in …..

A

Anencephaly

Down syndrome

173
Q

Earliest USG sign of pregnancy in transabdominal USG scan is ….

Fetal respiratory movements occur earliest at ….

A

Fundal endometrial thickening

11 weeks

174
Q

Antiretroviral drug C/I in pregnancy

Methylergometrine is C/I in

A

Efavirenz

Eclampsia

175
Q

Internal organ in Fetus develops at

Ph of amniotic fluid ….

A

6 weeks

7.0-7.5

176
Q

How many days after ovulation, feto-placental circulation is established ?

A

18-21 days

177
Q

Bluish discolouration of vagina in early pregnancy is called ……

Maximum number of oocytes are present at what age?

A

Chadwick sign

20 weeks gestation

178
Q

Engagement is defined as ….

A

When widest diameter of presenting part has passed through pelvic inlet.

179
Q

In a primigravidae, head engages at …..

Pressure inside uterus at 2nd stage of labour

A

36 weeks

100-120mmHg

180
Q

Correct method to conduct third stage of labour

Delivery of head in normal labor is by what movement

A

Controlled cord traction

Extension

181
Q

Formation of primordial follicles in human is completed by …….weeks

Primary site of Hematopoesis in fetus before mid pregnancy is …..

A

8 weeks

Liver

182
Q

During pregnancy, there is increased respiratory sensitivity to carbon dioxide due to higher circulating levels of ….

Uterine flow at term is ….

A

Progesterone

500-750ml/min

183
Q

Hormone responsible for decidual and arias stella reaction to ectopic pregnancy

Double bleb sign in USG are depictive of ….

A

Progesterone

Amniotic sac and yolk sac

184
Q

Diagonal conjugate is defined as ….

Engagement of fetal head is with respect to which diameter

A

Lower border of symphysis pubis and sacral promontory

Biparietal

185
Q

Normal BPP( Manning score) is …

Fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler is most useful in the evaluation of ….

A

8-10

Fetal anemia (Rh incompatiblility)

186
Q

Blood loss is of fetal origin in ….

Cut off value of cervical length for predicting preterm birth in asymptomatic pregnant woman is ….

A

Vasa previa

25mm

187
Q

Dose of antiD given to woman after delivery

Lowest effective dose of mifepristone for medical termination of pregnancy

A

300microgram

200mg

188
Q

External cephalic version is contraindicated in…..

A component of quadruple test done in 2nd trimester

A

Scarred uterus

Serum extradiol

189
Q

Forceps are not applied in ……presentation

Earliest indication for concealed acute bleeding in pregnancy is: …..

A

Brow presentation

Tachycardia

190
Q

A patient presents at 28 weeks gestation with severe abdominal pain,bleeding and HTN. The most likely diagnosis is…..

Most unfavourable presentation for vaginal delivery is …..

A

Accidental hge

Mentoposterior

191
Q

Best contraceptive method for patient with heart disease is….

Not a cause of DIC in pregnancy.

A

Barrier methods

Fat embolism

192
Q

Molecular analysis of chorionic villous sampling not useful for diagnosis of….
disease

Dimension of suboccipitofrontal diameter is …..

A

Tay sach’s disease

10cm

193
Q

Smallest diameter of true pelvis

Smallest AP diameter of pelvic inlet is…..

A

Interspinous diameter

Obstetric conjugate

194
Q

Placenta takes over the function of corpus luteum for hormone production by …..weeks

By what time in fetal life, the adult type of Hb begins to appear?

A

6 weeks

20 weeks

195
Q

Fetal heart sound can be heard by transvaginal Doppler from which week

Intrauterine pressure during first stage of labour

A

10th week

40-50 mmHg

196
Q

Lovset’s maneuver is done to deliver …..

A

Arms in complicated breech

197
Q

Define postpartum pyrexia

Most common manifestation of puerperal infection

A

Temperature >100.4 F on first 10 days post partum

Endometritis

198
Q

Additional protein and calorie requirements in pregnancy

A

Protein: 30gm/day
Calorie: 300Kcal/ day

199
Q

Incidence of rupture of classical cesarean

Length of umbilical cord

A

4-9%

30-100cms

200
Q

Minimum HCG level that a urine pregnancy kit can detect

Cause of non-immune hydrops

A

5mIU/ml

Parvovirus

201
Q

During progression of normal pregnancy, what happens to systolic/diastolic ratio of umbilical artery

Elective c-section is done in an HIV infected pregnant woman, when viral load is ….

A

Decreases

> 1000/ml

202
Q

Viability of fetus is beyond ……weeks

Beta subunit of HCG is detected in urine by which method?

A

28 weeks gestation

Radio-immuno assay

203
Q

2sperms fertilise 2 ova in same cycle, it is known as …..

In pregnancy, what happens to thyroid physiology?

A

Superfecundation.

Decrease TSH, increase T3,T4 , decrease TBG

204
Q

Prolonged first stage of labor is defined as …..

Lumbosacral plexus injury during labor can cause …..

A

Duration of latent phase of >20 hrs in primipara

Foot drop

205
Q

One of the unfavourable factors for success of induction of labour is ….

Timing of manifestation of peripartum cardiomyopathy

A

Primipara woman

Within 5 months post partum

206
Q

Twin pregnancy is best described in USG at …..weeks

In cephalic presentation with well flexed head, (fully flexed head), the presenting diameter is ….

A

10-12 weeks

Sub-occipitobregmatic

207
Q

Nuchal translucency for anomaly scan on USG is usually detect at …..weeks of gestation

First line antibiotics for managing mastitis in a lactating mother is….

A

12-13 weeks

Cloxacillin a

208
Q

Maximum dose of 15 methyl PGF2 alpha in managing a case of postpartum hge .

A

2000mg/ 2gm

209
Q

Gemeprost used for cervical dilatation is a …….analogue

Neet Pg (11 decks)

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