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Neet Pg > Gynecology > Flashcards

Gynecology Flashcards

1
Q

Genital tubercle forms ……

Genital folds form…..

Labia majora is formed from ….

A

Clitoris

Labia minora

Labia swelling

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2
Q

Function of doderlein bacilli

A

Forms lactic acid which maintains Ph of the vagina

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3
Q

Shortest and narrowest part of fallopian tube

Normal position of the uterus

A

Interstitial part

Anteverted and anteflexed

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4
Q

Uterus measures …….

Surface epithelium of endometrium consists of …..

A

9 x 6.5 x 3.5 cm

Single layer of ciliated columnar epithelium

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5
Q

No……layer in the endometrium of uterus

Shape of cervix in
Nulliparous
Multiparous

A

Submucosal

Nulliparous: circular
Multiparous : transverse

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6
Q

Cervical: corpus ratio in
Prepubescent
Puberty
Pregnancy

A

2:1
1:2
1:3 or 1:4

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7
Q

Length and inner diameter of fallopian tube

Fallopian tube is lined by …..

A

Length :10cm
Inner diameter: 8cm

Ciliated columnar

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8
Q

Lining of female urethra

Best predictor of ovulation

A

Transitional epithelium except urethral meatus

Preovulatory rise LH

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9
Q

Inhibin is secreted by …….of ovary

When is the ovulatory period ?

A

Granulosa cells

14 days before next menstruation

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10
Q

LH stimulates…..&……

Vagina lacks ……

A

Follicle rupture
Ovulation

Mucus secreting glands

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11
Q

Ph of vagina at
1. Newborn:
2. Children
3. At puberty
4. Reproductive life
5. Menopause

A
  1. 5.7
  2. 6-8
  3. 4
  4. 4.5
  5. > 7
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12
Q

Vaginal smear that is estrogen dependent (5)

A

Clean, discrete , superficial
Cornified, polygonal
Squamous epithelial cell.

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13
Q

Vaginal smear that is progesterone dominated

A

Dirty,predominance of intermediate cell.
Navicular cells

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14
Q

Vaginal smear that is postmenopausal

A

Parabasal and basal cells due to lack of any hormonal activity

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15
Q

Vaginal smears in different age group
1. Neonate
2. Infant, post partum , late menopausal
3. Menopausal
4. Pregnancy

A
  1. Mainly transitional epithelium and intermediate cells
  2. Mainly parabasal cells
  3. Intermediate cells
  4. Navicular cells, intermediate cells
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16
Q

Urease positive organism without cell wall

A

Ureaplasma urealyticum

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17
Q

Chanchroid presents as : (2)
DOC

A

Genital ulcer
Inguinal adenitis

Doc: ceftriaxone/ azithromycin

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18
Q

Clinical presentation of LGV (3)

A
  1. Esthiomene
    Chronic ulcerated state of vulva & clitoris
  2. Genital elephantiasis
  3. Groove sign- when femoral and inguinal LN are involved.
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19
Q

DOC for LGV

Most common site for genital TB

A

Doxycycline

Fallopian tube

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20
Q

Mc accepted etiological theory of endometriosis

A

Sampsons theory of retrograde menstruation

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21
Q

Associated feature of endometriosis

Rx for endometriosis (3)

A

Chocolate cysts

Rx:
1. Progesterone
2. Danazol
3. GNRH analogues

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22
Q

Surgical procedures for endometriosis (3)

A

Ovarian cystectomy/oophorectomy/ wedge resection

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23
Q

Ideal contraception for newly married couple

Ideal contraception for couple staying away and meeting occasionally

A

OCP

Barrier method

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24
Q

OCP protects against : (4)

A
  1. Ovarian ca
  2. Uterine ca
  3. RA
  4. Endometriosis
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25
Q

Criteria for sterilization (3)

A
  1. Age of female >22 yrs
  2. Age of male <60 yrs
  3. Couple should have atleast 2 kids
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26
Q

Mc site of laparoscopic sterilization

Portion ligated in female sterilization, known as ……

A

Isthmus

Isthmo-ampullary portion
KA : Pomeroy’s method

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27
Q

Cystocele is …..

Complications

A

Prolapse of upper 2/3 of anterior vaginal wall

Decubitus ulcer- due to venous congestion

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28
Q

Management of prolapse in woman <40 yrs with complete family (2)

A

Fothergill’s repair
Manchester operation

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29
Q

Management of prolapse in young Nulliparous women (2)

A

Sling operation
Perineal exercises

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30
Q

Management of prolapse in 2nd trimester

Management in 1st trimester

A

Spontaneous resolution

Pessary

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31
Q

Amount of blood lost in menstruation

Mc pathological cause of secondary amenorhoea

A

50-80ml

Endometrial TB

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32
Q

DUB is associated with ….

Commonly endometrium in DUB is …..

A

Metropathia hemorrhagica

Hyperplastic- due to irregular shedding
Irregular ripening

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33
Q

Hormonal status of DUB

A

Increased estrogen
Decreased progesterone

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34
Q

Mullerian agenesis lacks ……structures (4)

A

Uterus
Cervix
Fallopian tube
Vagina (upper)

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35
Q

Mc site of cervical cancer

LN affected in cervical cancer (3)

Time taken for conversion of CIN to invasive Ca

A

Ectocervix

Obturator
External iliac
Internal iliac

10years

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36
Q

Predisposing factors of cervical Ca (3)

A

HPV
HIV
HSV

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37
Q

100% cute rates are seen in which type of cervical ca

Mc cause of death in cervical ca is …

A

CIS

Renal failure

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38
Q

Stage 2 cervical ca is ….
Management (3)

A

Disease extends beyond cervix but not to pelvic wall/ lower 1/3 vagina
1. Extended hysterectomy
2. Chemotherapy
3. Intracavitary brachytherapy

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39
Q

Stage 3 cervical cancer is ….
Management (2)

A

Disease extends to pelvic wall/ lower 1/3 vagina / causes hydronephrosis
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

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40
Q

Mc fibroid to undergo malignant change (2)

A

Intramural
Subserous

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41
Q

Mc fibroid to undergo calcaneous degeneration

Red degeneration of fibroid seen in…..
Cause

A

Subserous

2nd half of pregnancy/ Puerperium
Due to thrombosis of large veins of the tumor

Infection has no role

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42
Q

Fibroids are associated with (4)

A
  1. Follicular ovarian cysts
  2. Endometriosis
  3. Endometrial hyperplasia
  4. Endometrial cancer
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43
Q

Mc type of fibroid

Mc type of degeneration

A

Intramural/ interstitial

Hyaline- starts from center

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44
Q

Most fibroid start as ….

Endometrial cancer -mc type

A

Interstitial fibroid

Adenocarcinoma-upto 80%

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45
Q

Mc malignant type of endometrial cancer

Predisposing factors of endometrial cancer (5)

A

Clear cell cancer

  1. Family history
  2. Obesity
  3. DM
  4. Tamoxifen therapy
  5. PCOD
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46
Q

Adjuvant radiotherapy given in cases of ….(3)

A
  1. Deep myometrial involvement
  2. Ca in situ
  3. Lymph node involvement
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47
Q

Mc cause of endometrial cancer

Rx of atypical endometrial hyperplasia

A

Unopposed estrogen

Hysterectomy
Panhysterectomy in elderly

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48
Q

Define meig’s syndrome (3)

A

Ascites
Right sided hydrothorax
Benign tumour of ovary-fibroma

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49
Q

Malignant ovarian tumour is included in ….

A

Pseudo meig’s syndrome

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50
Q

Masculinising ovarian tumor (3)

A
  1. Androblastoma
  2. Arrhenoblastoma
  3. Sertoli/Leydig cell tumor
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51
Q

Feminizing cell tumor (2)

A

Theca cell tumor
Granulosa cell tumor

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52
Q

Mc ovarian tumor in <20 years

Mc radiosensitive ovarian tumor .

A

Dysgerminoma

Dysgerminoma

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53
Q
  1. Rokitansky bodies are seen in ….
  2. Schiller Duval Bodies are seen in…
  3. Reinke’s crystal seen in ….
  4. Call exner bodies seen in ….
A
  1. Teratoma
  2. Endodermal sinus tumor
  3. Hilus cell tumor
  4. Granulosa cell tumor
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54
Q

Tumor markers
1. Placental ALP
2. LDH
3. Inhibin
4. CA 125

A
  1. Dysgerminoma
  2. Dysgerminoma
  3. Granulosa cell tumor
  4. Ovarian tumors
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55
Q

Clomiphene increases chances of pregnancy by ….
Risk of ectopic pregnancy with clomiphene is increased by ….

A

3 folds

6-10 folds

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56
Q

Clomiphene is used in treatment of …(2)

A
  1. PCOS
  2. Anovulatory infertility
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57
Q

Danazol MOA (2)

A

Gonadotropin inhibitor
Androgen agonist

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58
Q

Danazol used in management of …(4)

A
  1. Endometriosis
  2. Premenstrual syndrome
  3. DUB
  4. Precocious puberty
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59
Q

Define Gartners cyst

A

Cystic swelling at the junction of lower 1/3 and upper 2/3 vaginal wall

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60
Q

Define Bartholin cyst

A

Cystic swelling at junction of posterior 1/3 and anterior 2/3 of labia majoris

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61
Q

For Pap smear, sample is taken from ….

Mc pelvic Timor is …..

Mc site of endometriosis

A

Posterior part of vaginal wall

Fibroids

Ovary

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62
Q

Mc complaint/ complication after IUCD insertion

Most unfavourable position of fetus is …..

A

Bleeding

Mento-posterior

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63
Q

Mc cause of post menopausal bleeding in India (3)

A
  1. Hormonal therapy
  2. Ca endometrium
  3. Ca cervix
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64
Q

Mc type of endometrial cancer

OCP of choice in lactating females

A

Adenocarcinoma

Mini pill

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65
Q

Mucosal lining of vagina

Pearl index is used for calculating

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous

Contraception failure
Total accidental pregnancies/ total months of exposure x 1200

66
Q

Cannon ball shadow on CXR in case of choriocarcinoma is ……

A

Metastatic shadows

67
Q

FIGO stage 2a of cervical carcinoma extends upto…..

Tumor marker for endodermal sinus tumour

A

Upper 2/3rd vagina

AFP

68
Q

Investigation of choice for cervical neoplasm

Mc complication of abdominal hysterectomy

A

Biopsy

Ureteric injury

69
Q

Chromosome compliment in patient with klinefilters syndrome

Mc symptom of endometriosis

A

47XXY

Dysmenorrhea

70
Q

Best test for tubal patency

OCP are c/I in ……(3)

A

Laparoscopic chromo-tubation

  1. Suspected breast cancer
  2. Heart disease
  3. Thromboembolism
71
Q

Rx of choice for bartholin’s abscess

Bartholin’s cystadenitis is caused by which bacteria

A

I&D

Gonococcus

72
Q

Bonney’s test is done for …..

Retention of urine may be seen in which type of fibroid

A

Stress incontinence

Anterior type of cervical fibroid

73
Q

Mc degenerative changes in uterine myxoma

Risk factor for choriocarcinoma

A

Hyaline degeneration

Full term pregnancy

74
Q

Tumour marker of choriocarcinoma

Commonest presentation of choriocarcinoma

A

HCG

Bleeding per vaginum

75
Q

Denominator of pearl index

According to 10 day rule, radiation of reproductive woman is given at what time of menstrual cycle ?

A

Total months of exposure

10 days after menstruation

76
Q

Most sensitive USG marker for fetal growth

Lymphatic drainage of cornua of uterus (2)

A

Abdominal circumference

Paraaortic
Superficial inguinal

77
Q

True about menopausal hormonal change

Cryptomenorrhoea occurs due to ….(2)

A

Increased GNRH, decreased estrogen

Imperforate hymen
Vaginal atresia

78
Q

Mc complication of ovarian tumor is …

Mc complication of cryotherapy

A

Torsion

Watery discharge

79
Q

Activity of corpus luteum is maintained by ….

Not used for ovulation induction

A

LH

Danazol

80
Q

Ovarian tumor likely to involve opposite ovary by mets

Asymptomatic carriage of gonococcal infection in female is commonly seen in ….

A

Granulosa cell tumor

Endocervix

81
Q

NOT associated with primary amenorrhoea

Masculinizing/ virilizing tumor of ovary

Best prognosis for reversibility is seen in …

A

PCOD

Arrhenoblastoma

Isthmo-isthmic type

82
Q

A middle aged woman presents with increasing visual loss, breast enlargement and irregular menses. IOC is ….

Safest drug for TB in pregnancy is…..

A

Serum prolactin

INH/Rifampicin

83
Q

Fetus in a diabetic mother are at risk of developing which cardiac lesion

Drugs used for ovulation induction (2)

A

ASD, VSD, COA

Clomiphene
Tamoxifen

84
Q

Least observed laboratory findings in neonatal sepsis

Asymptomatic carriage of gonococcal infection in female is commonly seen in ….

A

Neutrophilia

Endocervix

85
Q

Failure rate of pomeroy’s method

Copper eluted from CuT daily

A

0.4 %

50mg

86
Q

Antispermal antibodies in cervical mucus can be checked by ….

Length of fallopian tube

Platelet count in pregnancy…..

A

Post coital test

10cm

Decreases

87
Q

Which disease carries high chances of trans placental transfer in first trimester?

Best diagnosis of endometrial pathology by …..

Best screening tool for cervical carcinoma

A

Rubella

Biopsy

Pap smear

88
Q

Testicular biopsy is best indicated in diagnostic workup of patient with ….

Mc malignant ovarian tumor

A

Azoospermia

Serous cystadeno carcinoma

89
Q

Best time to do breast exam is …..

Cervix develops from …..

A

3 days after menstruation

Müllerian duct

90
Q

Ferning of cervical mucus disasspears on which day

Spigelberg’s criteria is used for dx….

A

21st day

Ectopic pregnancy

91
Q

Laparoscopy should not be done in …..

Mc histological type of cervical carcinoma

A

Acute infections

Squamous

92
Q

Temperature used in cryosurgery

Gas used in cryosurgery (3)

A

-60 degree Celsius

CO2,N2O, Freon

93
Q

Major disadvantage of depot progestin (2)

A

Irregular bleeding
Prolonged anovulation

94
Q

Failure rate of depomedroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA)

Function of doderlein bacilli (2)

A

0.4/100 women year

  1. Converts glycogen (vaginal epi ) to lactic acid
  2. Maintaining acidity of normal vagina
95
Q

MOA of OCP (3)

A
  1. Prevents ovulation
  2. Thickens cervical mucus
  3. Renders endometrium unfavourable for implantation
96
Q

Important C/I to laparoscopy (3)

A

Acute pelvic
Abdominal infection
Peritonitis

97
Q

Magnification of colposcope

Frozen pelvis is related to …..

A

10-20 times

PID

98
Q

Which type of fibroma cannot be seen with laparoscopy?

Peg cells are present in …..

A

Sub mucosal

Fallopian tube

99
Q

HAIR AN syndrome is related to which skin condition

Mc cause of menorrhagia in adolescents

A

Acanthosis nigricans

Coagulation disorders

100
Q

Sentinel LN biopsy is used to map the LN status of ….(2)

Invaluable tool for dx of chronic pelvic pain

A

Breast, vulva

Laparoscopy

101
Q

DUB is mc associated with ….

Which drug is used for rx of 21-OH deficient female fetus to prevent virilization?

A

Anovulation

Maternal dexamethasone

102
Q

Mc cancer of pregnancy

Asherman‘s syndrome is secondary to which infection

Mc type of fibroid

A

Breast cancer

TB

Intramural

103
Q

Old complete perineal tear is repaired at time …..

Amenorrhoea following hyperprolactinemia is caused by ….

A

3-6 months

Inhibition of GNRH pulse secretion

104
Q

Another name for Manchester operation for uterine prolapse is ….

A

Fothergill

105
Q

Simultaneous administration of estrogen and progesterone in hormone replacement therapy increases risk for ….Tumor

Lefort‘a operation is done for ….

A

Endometrial cancer

Old post menopausal woman with advanced prolapse

106
Q

Tubal patency is done in which phase of menstrual cycle

Mc infection in long term IUCD is caused by ….

A

Preovulatory

Actinomycosis

107
Q

Daily release of hormone from MIRENA

Mc benign epithelial tumor of pregnancy

A

20microgm

Serous cystadenoma

108
Q

Meig’s syndrome is associated with which tumor?

Swiss cheese pattern is seen in which condition

A

Fibroma

Metropathica hemorrhagica

109
Q

Condition where there is ingrowth of endometrium,both glandular and stromal component in myometrium

In PID due to N.gonorrhoea,type of tubal damage is due to ….

A

Adenomyosis

Endotubal

110
Q

Mc mode of spread of genital TB

Which gland in female is homologous to prostate?

A

Hematogenous

Skene gland

111
Q

Fourchette is formed by joining of …..

Incomplete uterine rupture is defined as ….

A

Labia minora

Disruption of scar with peritoneum intact

112
Q

Reifenstein syndrome is …..

A

Partial androgen insensitivity to receptor mutation

113
Q

FSH levels in hypergonadotropic hypergonadism is ….

Weekly dose of centchroman

A

> 40mIU/ml

60mg

114
Q

Levonorgestrel in MIRENA will be liberated for how many years ?

Tubal cause of female infertility is how much %

A

7 years

26%

115
Q

Mc type of ovarian tumors

Surgery to retain conception is done until what stage of carcinoma cervix

A

Epithelial tumors

1B

116
Q

Vasomotor symptoms in post menopausal woman,DOC is ……

Causative organism in acute salpingitis

A

Conjugated estrogen

Neisseria gonorhoea

117
Q

Initial starting dose of clomiphene citrate in case of infertility is ….

Volume of ovary after menopause

A

50mg/day

3cm square

118
Q

What is visualized with green filter while performing colposcopy?

Feature of irregular ripening of endometrium?

A

Vascular pattern of cervix

Secretory changes amidst proliferative changes in endometrium

119
Q

Best fertility results are seen in which type of uterine abnormality?

Upper limit of normal CA125

A

Arcuate uterus

35U/ml

120
Q

At what level of testosterone, ovarian pathology should be searched?

surgical procedure for genuine stress incontinence is …..

A

> 10nmol/L

Retropubic urethropexy

121
Q

What % of patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia progress to develop endometrial carcinoma?

Bicornuate uterus presents as ….

A

1%

Recurrent 2nd trimester abortion

122
Q

Fibroid with maximum symptom

A girl with normal stature and minimal/absent pubertal development is having ……

A

Submucus

Kallaman’s syndrome

123
Q

Ovary secretes which hormones (4)

A

Estrogen
Progesterone
Androgen
Testosterone

124
Q

Size of Graafian follicles

Bicornuate uterus is due to ….

Epithelial lining of cervical canal

A

2mm

Incomplete fusion of mesonephric duct

High columnar

125
Q

Rx for a case of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia

Gonadal sex of a fetus is determined by …..gene

A

Cortisone

SRY

126
Q

Cranial end of wolfian duct forms….

Ovarian cause of hirsuitism

Mc form of vaginitis

A

Epiphoron

PCOD

Trichomonas

127
Q

Type of abnormality in sexual development carrying best prognosis

HPV vaccine is ……&…..

A

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Bivalent and quadrivalent both

128
Q

Mc cause of tubal block in India

Stress incontinence is a common symptom in ….

A

TB

Uterine prolapse

129
Q

Surgery done for stress incontinence

In VVF surgery, bladder drainage should be done by ….

A

Kelly’s plication operation

10 days

130
Q

Endometrial biopsy for infertility is taken on …..

Commonest cause of rectovaginal fistula

A

23rd and 26th day

Improper repair of perineal tear

131
Q

Ovarian tumour limited to true pelvis with negative nodes or when there is histology confirmed seeeding of abdominal portioned surface is …

A

3A

132
Q

Cystoglandular hyperplasia is associated with which tumour

Pain of ovarian carcinoma is referred to ….

A

Theca cell tumor

Medial side of thigh

133
Q

Stage of ovarian carcinoma with B/L involvement with intact capsule and no ascites is …..

A

1B

134
Q

Granulosa cell tumor is associated with which gynaecological malignancy

A

Ca endometrium

135
Q

35 year old female came with postcoital bleeding. Next step is ….

Cervical smear fixation is done by which substance

A

Pap smear with clinical examination

Ethyl alcohol

136
Q

Substance used for uterine artery embolization for fibroid uterus

Fundal myomas commonly present as ….

A

Polyvinyl alcohol

Menorrhagia

137
Q

What is the name of combined anterior colporrhaphy colpoperineorrhaphy?

Ligament used for maintaining anteversion of uterus?

A

Ward-mayo procedure

Uterosacral ligament

138
Q

40 year old woman presents with excessive menstrual bleeding. The first surgical rx will be ….

Risk of Asherman syndrome is highest in D&C done for …..

A

D&C

PPH

139
Q

Decreased motility of fallopian tube is seen in which syndrome?

Condition where glistening spots are found on tubal mucosa ?

A

Kartegener syndrome

Parovarian cyst

140
Q

Which gynaecological malignancy associated with HIV ?

Torsion of ovarian Timor occur due to …

A

Ca cervix

Trauma

141
Q

Second stage ca endometrium is treated by ….

First line of drug for managing a patient with uterine bleeding with cyclical menorrhagia

A

Radiotherapy followed by surgery

Tranexaminic acid

142
Q

Condition where there is pain before onset of menses, and is relieved after beginning of menses

Bleeding pattern in cystic glandular hyperplasia

A

Congestive dysmenorrhea

Amenorrhoea and bleeding

143
Q

Sequence of events for termination of pregnancy by medical methods

A

Mifepristone >misoprostol-> bleeding>USG

144
Q

Method of sterilisation least suited for recanalization

Manifestation of utero-vesical fistula

Marshall marshetti Krant surgery is done for ….

A

Bipolar cauterisation

Continuous incontinence

Stress incontinence

145
Q

20 year female presents with primary amenorrhoea,absent breast,hypoplastic uterus. Most probable diagnosis is …

Not a predictor of ovulation.

A

Turner syndrome

Measuring serum progesterone on day 14th of cycle

146
Q

Bleeding from umbilicus in an adult female during menstruation is suggestive of ….

Gonococcal infection spreads by ….

A

Vicarious menstruation

Involvement of adjacent structures/ ascending aorta

147
Q

Corpus luteum of menstruation persists for how many days

Early diagnosis of missed intrauterine contraceptive device is by ….

A

8 days

X-ray pelvis

148
Q

IUCD should not be inserted in …..

Centchroman is ……

A

Infections

Nonsteriodal contraceptive

149
Q

Contraception today contains

A

9-nonooxynol

150
Q

Most common condition associated with menorrhagia

DUB is seen in….

A

Fibroids

Metropathica hemorrhagica

151
Q

Cystoglandular hyperplasia is seen in ….

Use of tranexaminic acid reduces blood loss by …..

A

Metropathica hemorrhagica

50%

152
Q

Precocious puberty is seen in which tumour

Mucinous cystadenoma of ovary arises from ….

A

Granulosa cell tumour

Surface celomic epithelium

153
Q

Mode of action of progestin only pills

Common site of extramammary breast tissue

A

Thickening of cervical mucus

Vulva

154
Q

Fimbriectomy is also known as …..

In pelvic organ prolapse; sacrispinous ligament strengthening surgery is actually done to strengthen…..

A

Kroenert method of tubal sterilisation

Apical components of pelvic organs

155
Q

Level of antimullerian hormone indicates low reserve

Dose of ulipristal acetate for using as an emergency contraceptive

A

<1mg/dl

30mg single dose

156
Q

Submucosal fibroid Has less than 50% protrusion in the uterine cavity. As per FIGO classification, This is …..

A

Type 2

157
Q

Carboprost used for second trimester abortion is an analogue of …..

Rx of early stage vulvar carcinoma

A

PGF2 alpha

Surgery

158
Q

On HSG; beaded appearance of fallopian tubes with clubbed ends of fimbriae is a feature of ….

Most useful parameter in assessing adequacy of sperms for fertilisation ?

A

Genital TB

Speematocyte morphology

159
Q

Histology of endometria lesions represents

Maximum risk of ureteric injury is seen in …..hysterectomy

A

High estrogen

Wertheim’s

160
Q

Fixative used in Pap smear

Cytocele, enterocele, and urethral descent may be seen if there is injury to deep part of perineal body involving…..

A

95% ethyl alcohol

Pubococcygeous

161
Q

Method of sterilisation which is least effective

Most common intrauterine infection

Spermicidal jelly acts through ….

A

Hysteroscopic tubal ligation

CMV

Disruption of cell membrane

Neet Pg (11 decks)

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