Dermatology Flashcards
Skin is …….epithelium
Correct sequence of cell cycle
Stratified squamous keratinised
G0-G1-S-G2-M
2 layers of stratum germinativum/ Malpighian layer
Basal cell layer-melanocytes are present
Prickle cell layer/ stratum spinosum
Stratum lucidum is a …..cell layer. Present only in …..
Clear cell layer
Palms and soles
Stratum corneum is ……cell layer
Most superficial
Horny cell layer
Define acantholysis. Seen in…..
Loss of coherence between epidermal cells
Seen in pemphigus
Pterygium of nail seen in ……
Onycholysis is seen in ……
Lichen planus
Psoriasis
Oil drop, pitting of nails seen in ….
Tinea unguium affects …..
Psoriasis
Nail plate
Koenen’s periungual fibroma seen in …..
Tuberous sclerosis
Pinta is caused by …..
Yaws is caused by ….
Treponema carateum
Treponema pertenue
Scabies Incubation period is …..
Pathognomonic lesion of scabies is …..
4 weeks
Burrows
Layer of skin where scabies are formed ….
Mc site of scabies in infants : ……(2)
Stratum corneum
Scalp and face
Most infectious form of scabies
Drug used orally for scabies
Norwegian scabies
Ivermectin
Psoriasis is most commonly seen on …..
What is koebners phenomenon ?
Extensor aspect
Traumatised lesions develop psoriatic lesion - at the site of injury
KP is seen in …..(4)
- Psoriasis
- Lichen planus
- Lichen sclerosis
- Vitiligo
Histopathological lesion in psoriasis. Seen on …layer of skin
Munro microabscess- St corneum
Severe form of psoriatic arthritis
Arthritis mutilans - pencil cup deformity in X-RAY
What is auspitz sign?
Rx of choice for psoriasis.
Rubbing of skin to remove scales lead to pin point bleeding
PUVA
Antibodies of pemphigus are against …..
Attacks ….
Feature of pemphigus (2)
Intercellular substance
Desmoglein 3
- Intraepidermal (flaccid) acantholytic bullae
- Oral mucosal lesion
Definitive dx of pemphigus
Demonstration of antidesmoglein antibodies by direct immunoflorescence on skin biopsy
Tense subepidermal bullae are seen in …..
Hailey hailey disease is also known as ….
Pemphigoid
Familial benign pemphigus
Feature of hailey hailey disease
Features of lichen planus (4)
No subepidermal blistering
- Flat topped/plain
- Papules
- Pruritic
- Purple color
Histological features of lichen planus (2)
Basal cell shows …..
Civatte bodies and wickham’s striae
Vacoular degeneration
Feature of lichen planus in oral mucosa
Terms associated with pityriasis rosacea (2)
White lacy markings on mucosa
- Herald patch
- Annular collarette of scales
What are dermatophytes? It involves….
Parasitic fungus/ mycosis that infects the skin
Imperfect fungi of genera-epidermophyton,microsporum,trichophyton
Dermatophytes are ….
Where do they infect? Why?
Anamorphic- asexual/imperfect
Skin,hair,nails due to their ability to obtain nutrients from keratinised material
Athletes foot is aka ……
Feature
Tinea pedis
1. Severe itching
2. Hyperhydrosis
Onchyomyosis is aka…..
Affects ….
Tinea unguium/ ringworm of nail
Affects nail plate
Tinea versicolor caused by …..
It is a ……organism
Rx
Malassezia furfur
Dimorphic lipophilic
Ketoconazole and itraconazole are systemic therapy
Comedones are …..(4)
- Small cysts
- Formed in hair follicles
- Due to blockage of follicular orifice
- By retention of sebum and keratinous material
Acne vulgaris is caused by …..
Atopic dermatitis is aka…
Obstruction of pilosebacous duct
Itch disease
Childhood and adolescent pattern of atopic dermatitis is marked by (2)
- Flexural skin dermatitis
- Particularly in antecubital fossa/popliteal fossa
Other features of atopic dermatitis (3)
- Perioral pallor
- Dennies Morgan Fold- extra fold of skin beneath eyelid
- Increased palmar markings
Best test to dx atopic dermatitis
Basal cell carcinoma of skin spreads …..
Clinical evaluation
Direct spread
Conditions predisposing to squamous cell carcinoma of skin (2)
- Actinic keratosis
- DLE
Mycosis fungoides is AKA…..
Special features (3)
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma
- Mc skin lymphoma
- Pautrier’s microabscess
- Presents with diffuse erythroderma
Dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with …..
HLA of dermatitis herpetoformis (2)
Gluten sensitive enteropathy
HLA-DRw3
HLA-DQw2
Direct immunoflorescence of normal appearing perilesional skin in DH shows ….
DOC of dermatitis herpetiformis
Granular deposits of IgA
Dapsone
Mc endocrinology cause of acanthosis nigricans
Internal malignancy associated with acanthosis nigricans (2)
Type 2 DM
Adenocarcinoma lungs
Carcinoma GIT
Pseudopelade alopecia is aka …..(2)
Causes of cicatricial alopecia (4)
Cicatricial alopecia
Scarring alopecia
Lichen planus
Discoid lupus erythromatosis
Lupus vulgaris
SLE
Alopecia areata is AKA…
……..is characteristic
Non-cicatricial/ non scarring alopecia
Exclamation mark sign
Clinical presentation of alopecia areata (4)
- Single or multiple circumscribed smooth patchy hair loss
- Most obviously on scalp, but frequently involving any hair bearing skin like beard, eyebrows, eye lashes.
- Pathognomonic exclamation mark
- “ Going gray overnight” phenomenon
Alopecia areata is rx by …..
DOC for herpes zoster
DOC for acyclovir resistant cases
Minoxidil
Acyclovir/ famciclovir
Foscarnet
Skin features of secondary syphilis (3)
- Periostitis
- Rashes
- Moth eaten alopecia