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CNS > [PHYSIO+PATHO] CEREBELLAR LESIONS > Flashcards

[PHYSIO+PATHO] CEREBELLAR LESIONS Flashcards

1
Q

ataxia occurs in which side of the body relative to the lesion?

A

same side

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2
Q

hypotonia is caused by

A

neocerebellar lesion

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3
Q

in hypotonia, lesion of cerebellum leads to

A

pendular knee jerk
lateral flexion of body towards affected side

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4
Q

components of motor ataxia

A

dysmetria
dysarthria
dysdiadochokinesis
nystagmus
kinetic tremors
movements decomposition
posture & gait disturbances
rebound

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5
Q

dysmetria definition

A

poor control of distance of movement

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6
Q

dysmetria occurs due to

A

failure of damping & timing function

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7
Q

dysmetria components

A

hypermetria
hypometria

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8
Q

MC site of kinetic tremors

A

distal joints

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9
Q

truncal tremors are called

A

titubation

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10
Q

involuntary tremors occuring during movement

A

kinetic tremors

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11
Q

tremors of eye

A

cerebellar nystagmus

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12
Q

cerebellar nystagmus occurs when

A

trying to fix eye on object to side of the lesion

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13
Q

inability to perform successive components of complex motor act

A

decomposition of movemetn

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14
Q

inability to perform rapid successive opposite movements

A

dysdiadochokinesia

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15
Q

incoordination of muscles of speech

A

dysarthria

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16
Q

overshooting of limb when resistance is removed

A

rebound

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17
Q

incoordination of voluntary movement in absence of paralysis

A

ataxia

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18
Q

sensory ataxia is caused by lesions in

A

Tabes dorsalis
proprioceptive pathway
gracile & cuneate

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19
Q

sensory ataxia gait

A

stamping

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20
Q

motor ataxia gait

A

zig zag

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21
Q

Romber’s sign in sensory ataxia

A

+Ve

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22
Q

Romberg’s sign in motor ataxia

A

negative

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23
Q

deep sensations in sensory ataxia

A

impaired/lost

24
Q

speech in sensory ataxia

A

normal

25
Q

speech in motor ataxia

A

scanning/staccato

26
Q

nystagmus in motor ataxia

A

present

27
Q

parkinsonism tremors

A

static
(during rest)

28
Q

neocerebellar syndrome tremors?
Occur due to?

A

kinetic
due to loss of damping

29
Q

spastic gait is due to?

A

UMNL

30
Q

scisorring gait

A

paraplegia

31
Q

stamping gait

A

deep sensory loss

32
Q

drunken gait
Is due to?

A

archicerebellar/vestibulocerebellar lesion
disturbance in equilibrium

33
Q

shuffling gate

A

parkinsonism

34
Q

zig zag gait

A

neocerebellar syndrome

35
Q

embryonal neuroepithelial tumor affecting children

A

Medulloblastoma IV

36
Q

most common CNS embryonal tumor

A

Medullolastoma IV

37
Q

medulloblastomas arise in

A

cerebellum (vermis & hemispheres)
Dorsal brainstem

38
Q

necrosis in medulloblastoma?

A

Small foci not extensive

39
Q

Classic medulloblastoma microscopic picture

A

Densely packed round cells
Mild-Mod pleomorphism
High mitotic count
HOMER WRIGHT’S ROSETTES

40
Q

Homer wright rosette are?
are seen in?

A

Primitive tumor cells surrounding central neuropil
Medulloblastoma

41
Q

primitive tumor cells surrounding central neuropil

A

Homer Wright rosette

42
Q

genetic cause behind medulloblastoma

A

loss of short arm of Chromo 17 (17p)+
duplication of long arm–> isochromosome 17q

43
Q

benign slow growing tumors
adults
Cerebellum, BS, Spinal cord

A

Hemangioblastoma I

44
Q

hemangioblastoma mostly located in

A

cerebellum

45
Q

gross picture of hemangioblastoma

A

well-circumscribed
partly cystic
highly vascularized
yellow

46
Q

Microscopic picture of hemangioblastoma I

A
  1. Neoplastic stromal cells (large, vacuolated)
    2.abundant vascular cells
  2. Thin walled vessels
  3. Intratumoral hemorrhages
47
Q

gross picture of Medulloblastoma IV

A

•Hemispheres= firm, well circumscribed, desmoplastic nodular

Small foci of necrosis
extensive necrosis is rare

48
Q

microscopic picture of Medulloblastoma IV
(4)

A

classic
desmoplastic
extensive nodularity
large anaplastic cells

49
Q

Most favorable genetic subtype of medulloblastoma?
Seen by?

A

WNT activated
β-catenin

50
Q

Rarest genetic subtype of medulloblastoma

A

WNT-activated

51
Q

Difference between medulloblastoma arising in vermis & medulloblastoma arising in cerebellar hemispheres

A

Vermis= pink/grey & friable
Fill 4th ventricle

Hemispheres= firm & well circumscribed
Desmoplastic nodular

52
Q

Microscopic morphological variants of medulloblastoma

A

Classical
Desmoplastic/ nodular
Extensive nodular
Large cell/ anaplastic

53
Q

Hemangioblastoma appears yellow due to

A

Rich lipid content

54
Q

Classic gross appearance of hemangioblastoma I

A

Cyst with solid vascular nodule that abuts a pial surface

55
Q

Hemangioblastoma I is associated with

A

Inherited Von-Hippel Lindau disease

56
Q

Gene that is inactivated in hemangioblastoma I

A

(VHL) Von-Hippel Lindau suppressor gene

CNS (29 decks)

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