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CNS > [PHYSIO+PATHO] CEREBELLAR LESIONS > Flashcards

[PHYSIO+PATHO] CEREBELLAR LESIONS Flashcards

1
Q

ataxia occurs in which side of the body relative to the lesion?

A

same side

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2
Q

hypotonia is caused by

A

neocerebellar lesion

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3
Q

in hypotonia, lesion of cerebellum leads to

A

pendular knee jerk
lateral flexion of body towards affected side

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4
Q

components of motor ataxia

A

dysmetria
dysarthria
dysdiadochokinesis
nystagmus
kinetic tremors
movements decomposition
posture & gait disturbances
rebound

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5
Q

dysmetria definition

A

poor control of distance of movement

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6
Q

dysmetria occurs due to

A

failure of damping & timing function

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7
Q

dysmetria components

A

hypermetria
hypometria

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8
Q

MC site of kinetic tremors

A

distal joints

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9
Q

truncal tremors are called

A

titubation

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10
Q

involuntary tremors occuring during movement

A

kinetic tremors

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11
Q

tremors of eye

A

cerebellar nystagmus

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12
Q

cerebellar nystagmus occurs when

A

trying to fix eye on object to side of the lesion

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13
Q

inability to perform successive components of complex motor act

A

decomposition of movemetn

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14
Q

inability to perform rapid successive opposite movements

A

dysdiadochokinesia

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15
Q

incoordination of muscles of speech

A

dysarthria

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16
Q

overshooting of limb when resistance is removed

A

rebound

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17
Q

incoordination of voluntary movement in absence of paralysis

A

ataxia

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18
Q

sensory ataxia is caused by lesions in

A

Tabes dorsalis
proprioceptive pathway
gracile & cuneate

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19
Q

sensory ataxia gait

A

stamping

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20
Q

motor ataxia gait

A

zig zag

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21
Q

Romber’s sign in sensory ataxia

A

+Ve

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22
Q

Romberg’s sign in motor ataxia

A

negative

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23
Q

deep sensations in sensory ataxia

A

impaired/lost

24
Q

speech in sensory ataxia

25
speech in motor ataxia
scanning/staccato
26
nystagmus in motor ataxia
present
27
parkinsonism tremors
static (during rest)
28
neocerebellar syndrome tremors? Occur due to?
kinetic due to loss of damping
29
spastic gait is due to?
UMNL
30
scisorring gait
paraplegia
31
stamping gait
deep sensory loss
32
drunken gait Is due to?
archicerebellar/vestibulocerebellar lesion disturbance in equilibrium
33
shuffling gate
parkinsonism
34
zig zag gait
neocerebellar syndrome
35
embryonal neuroepithelial tumor affecting children
Medulloblastoma IV
36
most common CNS embryonal tumor
Medullolastoma IV
37
medulloblastomas arise in
cerebellum (vermis & hemispheres) Dorsal brainstem
38
necrosis in medulloblastoma?
Small foci not extensive
39
Classic medulloblastoma microscopic picture
Densely packed round cells Mild-Mod pleomorphism High mitotic count HOMER WRIGHT'S ROSETTES
40
Homer wright rosette are? are seen in?
Primitive tumor cells surrounding central neuropil Medulloblastoma
41
primitive tumor cells surrounding central neuropil
Homer Wright rosette
42
genetic cause behind medulloblastoma
loss of short arm of Chromo 17 (17p)+ duplication of long arm--> isochromosome 17q
43
benign slow growing tumors adults Cerebellum, BS, Spinal cord
Hemangioblastoma I
44
hemangioblastoma mostly located in
cerebellum
45
gross picture of hemangioblastoma
well-circumscribed partly cystic highly vascularized yellow
46
Microscopic picture of hemangioblastoma I
1. Neoplastic stromal cells (large, vacuolated) 2.abundant vascular cells 3. Thin walled vessels 4. Intratumoral hemorrhages
47
gross picture of Medulloblastoma IV
•Vermis= pink/grey, friable, fill fourth ventricle --- •Hemispheres= firm, well circumscribed, desmoplastic nodular Small foci of necrosis extensive necrosis is rare
48
microscopic picture of Medulloblastoma IV (4)
classic desmoplastic extensive nodularity large anaplastic cells
49
Most favorable genetic subtype of medulloblastoma? Seen by?
WNT activated β-catenin
50
Rarest genetic subtype of medulloblastoma
WNT-activated
51
Difference between medulloblastoma arising in vermis & medulloblastoma arising in cerebellar hemispheres
Vermis= pink/grey & friable Fill 4th ventricle Hemispheres= firm & well circumscribed Desmoplastic nodular
52
Microscopic morphological variants of medulloblastoma
Classical Desmoplastic/ nodular Extensive nodular Large cell/ anaplastic
53
Hemangioblastoma appears yellow due to
Rich lipid content
54
Classic gross appearance of hemangioblastoma I
Cyst with solid vascular nodule that abuts a pial surface
55
Hemangioblastoma I is associated with
Inherited Von-Hippel Lindau disease
56
Gene that is inactivated in hemangioblastoma I
(VHL) Von-Hippel Lindau suppressor gene

CNS (29 decks)

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