[PHARMA] ANTIEPILEPTICS Flashcards
can cause stevens johnson syndrome
lamotrigine
topriamate SF
renal stones
myopia (–>glaucoma)
weight loss
hypohydrosis
levetiracetam SF
mood & behavioral changes
Lamotrigine drug interactions
valproate (-) its metabolism
OC & carbamazepine increase its metabolism
lamotrigine SF
stevens johnson syndrome
hypersensitivity
drugs which block Na channels
valproate
carbamazepine
phenytoin
topiramate
lamotrigine
drugs which block T-Ca++ channels
Ethosuximide
valproate
drugs which block presynaptic voltage gated Ca++ channels
lamotrigine
drugs which bind to VS2A
levetriacetam
NMDA-R antagonist
valproate
drugs which facilitate GABA
BZDs
phenobarbitals
topiramate
drugs which increase GABA turnover & levels
valproate
valproate is preferred over ethosuximide in
tonic clonic + myoclonic coexisting
phenytoin is used in
partial
tonic clonie
prodrug of phenytoin
fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin is used in
status epilepticus
advantages of fosphenytoin
IM or IV
better bioavailability
less phlebitis
less cardiac SF
analog of carbamazepine
oxycarbazepine
characteristics of oxycarbazepine
less potent
less side effects
phenobarbital & BZDs are limited to use in
status epilepticus
acute fits
phenytoin
carbamazepine
oxycarabazepine are contraindicated in
abscence
myoclinic
hypersensitivity in phenytoin
skin rash
hypersensitivity in carbamazepine
skin rask
hypersensitivity in valproate
skin rash
GIT disturbance in phenytoin,carbamazepine & valproate
nausea
vomiting
epigastric pain
neurological disturbances in phenytoin
nystagmus
diplopia
drowsiness
ataxia
decreased learning in children
neurological disturbances in carbamazepine
diplopia
drowsiness
ataxia
neurological disturbances in valproate
tremors
ataxia
less sedative
effects on hepatic enzymes by phenytoin
enzyme inducer
increase vit D metabolism=osteomalacia
effects on hepatic enzymes by carbamazepine
enzyme inducer
effects on hepatic enzymes by valproate
enzyme inhibitor
hematological effects of phenytoin
megaloblastic anemia
lymphadenopathy
hematological effects of carba
leukopenia
agranulocytosis
hematological effects of valproate
thrombocytopenia
teratogenicity of phenytoin
cleft palate
lip-heart anomalies
teratogenicity of carba
less
teratogenicity of valproate
spina bifida
neural crest tube defect
cosmetic changes in phenytoin
gingival hyperplasia
histrutism
acne
coarse facial features
affects of carba on ADH & water
potentiates ADH
water intoxication & dilutional hyponatremia
other SF of valproate
hepatotoxicityy
hair loss
polycystic ovaries
increased appetite
increase body weight
other SF of valproate
hepatotoxicity
hair loss
polycystic ovaries
increased appetite
increase body weight
ethosuxamide SF
git upset
skin rash
dizziness
drowsiness
headache
safest antiepileptic
ethosuxamide
drug withdrawal period
6 months
what must be given to a child bearing woman to avoid statis epilepticus/relapse
folic acid supplements
effect of pregnancy on the efficacy of antiepileptics
decreases their metabolism
what limits the use of phenobarbital
sedation & tolerance
drugs preferred in elderly
lamotrigine
levetriacetam
carbamazepine
drugs used is status epilepticus
BZDs
phenobarbital
fosphenytoin/phenytoin
IV anesthetics
IV antiepileptics
when are IV anesthetics given to control seizures
resistant cases
IV antiepileptics
valproate
levetriacetam
long acting drugs
used to maintain control established by BZDs in status epilepticus
fosphenytoin/phenytoin
mood stabilizing antiepileptics
lamotrigine
carba
valproate
neuropathic pain TTT by
carba
antiarrhythmatic
phenytoin
migraine
valproate
topiramate
