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[MICRO] BACTERIAL MENINGITIS Flashcards

1
Q

Gram +ve agents

A

Clostridium
GBS
Pneumococci
Listeria

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2
Q

Gram -ve agents

A

Neisseria
H.influenza

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3
Q

gram +ve
spore forming
motile bacilli
non capsulated

A

Clostridium

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4
Q

Habitat of clostridium

A

GIT (human+animals)
Soil

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5
Q

isolation of clostridium is done by

A

Robertson cooked meat media–>blood agar @ 37 degrees, 12 days, anaerobic=
BETA HEMOLYSIS

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6
Q

MOI of tetanus

A

contaminated wound
gun shot
animal bite
contaminated umbilicus
contaminated instruments

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7
Q

source of Cl. tetani

A

soil

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8
Q

virulence of Cl. tetani

A

Tetanospasmin
Tetanolysin

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9
Q

pathogenesis of Tetanus

A

spores germinate @ site of infection
bind to AHCs
(-) GABA+ Glycin
= MUSCLE SPASM

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10
Q

blood invasion in tetanus

A

N/A

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11
Q

incubation period of tetanus

A

1 week

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12
Q

Clinical picture of tetanus

A

muscle spasm
lock jaw, trismus, risus sardonicus
paralysis of respiratory muscles
convulsions

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13
Q

tetanus can be fatal due to

A

paralysis of respiratory muscles

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14
Q

specimen of Cl. tetani

A

wound exudate

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15
Q

toxin detection in tetanus by

A

culturing isolated colony on blood agar containing antitoxin
after incubation: no hemolysis=
✓TOXIN

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16
Q

active immunization in tetanus

A

toxoid DTaP= children + every 10 years
Tdap= adolescents+ adults= booster

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17
Q

passive immunization in tetanus

A

antitoxin= 4w protection

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18
Q

TTT of tetanus

A

passive-active immunization (toxoid+antitoxin)
ventilator
dark room
wound cleaning
BZDs

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19
Q

antigenic types of tetanospasmin

A

one type

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20
Q

gram +ve bacilli
H2S +ve
liquefy gelatin

A

Cl. botulinum

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21
Q

antigenic types of botulinum neurotoxin

A

8 antigenically different types

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22
Q

antigenic types of neurotoxin that causes human botulism

A

A,B, E

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23
Q

source of botulism

24
Q

botulism neurotoxin cc

A

8 antigenically different types
A,B,E= human botulism
(-) Ach
Destroyed by heating 100° for 20min
biological warfare level A

25
Q

biological warfare level A

A

botulism neurotoxin

26
Q

pathogenesis of botulism

A

1-anaerobic conditions
2-spores vegetation
3-neurotoxin in food
4-ingestion
5- (-) Ach
6- Flaccid paralysis

27
Q

prevention of botulism

A

proper canning
proper cooking
discarding swollen cans

28
Q

TTT of botulism

A

trivalent antitoxin
ventilation

29
Q

highest risk foods in case of botulism

A

alkaline vegetables
green beans
salted fish
mushrooms

30
Q

infantile botulism caused by

A

ingestion of honey

31
Q

incubation period of Cl.botulinum

32
Q

Classical botulinum & wound botulinum clinical picture

A

cranial nerve paralysis
diplopia
dysphagia

33
Q

git manifestations of botulinum

34
Q

specimen in botulinum

A

food, gastric lavage

35
Q

toxin detection in botulinum

A

PCR
Animal testing
ELISA

36
Q

neonatal meningitis caused by

A

GBS
E.coli
Listeria

37
Q

meningitis in infants caused by

A

Pneumococci
Neisseria
H.influenza

38
Q

MOI of meningitis

A

blood
direct extension= OM/sinusitis
Trauma to skull

39
Q

MC MOI in meningitis

A

hematogenous

40
Q

pathogenesis of meningitis

A

nasopharyngeal colonization
blood invasion
settle in meninges
inflammation
edema
↑ ICP

41
Q

Clinical picture of meningitis

A

FAHM
stiff neck
floppy baby
photophobia
high pitched cry

42
Q

GBS causes

A

neonatal meningitis
pneumonia

43
Q

virulence factor of GBS

A

polysaccharide capsule

44
Q

site of GBS

45
Q

intermittent commensal of vagina

46
Q

MOI of GBS

A

during delivery

47
Q

Risk factors of GBS

A

prolonged labor
rupture of membranes during delivery
fever during delivery
history of GBS/GBS bacteruria at any trimester

48
Q

specimen of GBS

A

vaginal & rectal swab @ 35-37 weeks

49
Q

Gram +Ve
hippurate hydrolysis
CAMP

50
Q

TTT & prevention of GBS

A

IV Ampicillin/Penicillin at time of delivery

51
Q

virulence of pneumococci (4)

A

capsule
IgA protease
Pneumolysin
Autolysin

52
Q

antigenic serotypes of pneumococci capsule

53
Q

Gram +ve diplococci surrounded by unstained area
alpha hemolysis on choco agar

A

pnemococci

54
Q

Draughtman’s colonies

A

pnemococci

55
Q

Quelleng reaction

A

pneumococci

56
Q

isolation of pneumococci

A

blood/chocolate agar

CNS (29 decks)

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