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PHRM 825 > PHRM 825: Anemia > Flashcards

PHRM 825: Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is anemia?

A

Decrease in RBC or Hgb

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2
Q

How to truly diagnose anemia

A

bloodwork

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3
Q

Normal RBC

A
  1. 5-5.5X10^6 cell/uL (male)

4. 1-4.9X10^6 cells/uL (female)

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4
Q

Normal Hgb

A

13.5-18 g/dL (male)

12-16 g/dL (female)

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5
Q

Normal Hct

A

38-50% (male)

36-46% (female)

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6
Q

Normal MCV

A

80-100 mm^3

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7
Q

Normal MCH

A

26-34 pg/cell

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8
Q

Normal MCHC

A

31-37 g/dL

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9
Q

Normal RDW

A

11.5-14.5%

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10
Q

Causes of anemia

A
  • Decreased RBC production
  • Increased RBC destruction
  • Increased RBC loss
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11
Q

3 classifications of anemia

A
  • Microcytic
  • Normocytic
  • Macrocytic
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12
Q

Microcytic anemia MCV and causes

A

MCV <80

Iron deficiency, sickle cell, thalassemia

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13
Q

Normocytic anemia MCV and causes

A

MCV 80-100

Anemia of chronic disease, blood loss, hemolysis

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14
Q

Macrocytic anemia MCV and causes

A

MCV >100

Folic acid and or B12 deficiency

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15
Q

Normal ferritin

A

15-200 ng/mL

*Iron deficiency is still likely for ferritin <50 ng/mL

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16
Q

Normal iron

A

40-160 mcg/dL

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17
Q

Normal transferrin

A

200-360 mg/dL

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18
Q

Normal TIBC

A

250-400 mcg/dL

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19
Q

Normal TSAT

A

20-50%

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20
Q

How much oral iron per day is recommended for anemic patients?

A

120-200 mg

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21
Q

How long does it take to replete iron stores in an anemic patient?

A

3-6 months

22
Q

Normal B12

A

> or = 200 pg/mL

23
Q

What is another term used for vitamin B12

A

Cobalamin

24
Q

Normal folic acid

A

> or = 5 ng/mL

25
Q

How much vitamin B12 per day is recommended for deficient patients?

A

1000-2000 mcg/day

B12 is water soluble so it doesn’t matter how much we give the patient

26
Q

How much folic acid per day is recommended for deficient patients?

A

1-5 mg until Hgb normalizes

27
Q

What is erythropoietin and what does it to?

A

Hormone produced in the kidney that stimulates production of RBCs

28
Q

What is the most common type of anemia?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

29
Q

What is the second most common type of anemia?

A

Anemia of CKD

30
Q

In what patients should ESA not be used?

A

Patients with HF

31
Q

How much iron is in each unit of PRBC?

A

250 mg

32
Q

What is the normal lifespan for RBCs?

A

120 days

33
Q

What are the types of hemolytic anemia?

A

Intertied and acquired

34
Q

What does RBC represent

A

Count of Red Blood Cells

Estimate of oxygen carrying capacity

35
Q

What does Hgb represent

A

Hemoglobin

Oxygen carrying capacity

36
Q

What does Hct represent

A

Hematocrit

Volume of RBC’s per unit of blood (changes with number or size of RBC)

37
Q

What does MCV represent

A

Mean corpuscuar volume

Average volume of RBCs

38
Q

What does MCH represent

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

Percent (volume) of RBC that is Hgb

39
Q

What does MCHC represent

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration

Weight of Hgb per volume of RBC’s

40
Q

What does RDW represent

A

RBC Distribution Width

Variation in size of RBCs

41
Q

What does the ferritin level mean

A

Iron stores in body

*acute phase reactant-elevated in acute inflammation or chronic disease

42
Q

What does the iron level mean

A

Concentration of iron bound to transferrin

43
Q

What does the transferrin level mean

A

Protein that delivers iron throughout the body

44
Q

What does the TIBC level mean

A

Concentration of iron if all transferrin was bound to iron (usuallly only ~30%)

45
Q

What does TIBC stand for

A

Total iron binding capacity

46
Q

What does TSAT stand for

A

Transferrin saturation

47
Q

What toes the TSAT level mean?

A

Amount of iron ready for erythropoiesis

48
Q

What part of the GI tract has the maximal iron absorption

A

duodenum

49
Q

What drugs cause iron deficiency

A

Drug causes are unlikely

50
Q

What drugs cause B12 deficiency

A

PPI’s and metformin

51
Q

What drugs cause folic acid deficiency

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Phenytoin
  • Sulfasalazine
  • Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
52
Q

The FDA mandated wheat flour be fortified with what?

A

Folic acid

PHRM 825 (36 decks)

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