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BIOL-A106-002 > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

what is photosynthesis

A

the conversion of light energy by CO2 and converting to energy

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2
Q

autotrophs

A

self feeding organisms; they produce their own energy and do not have to go to other organism for energy

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3
Q

phototrophs

A

self feeding by use of light energy
IE: plants

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4
Q

Heterotrophs

A

organisms that go to other organisms for energy
IE: humans

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5
Q

chemotrophs

A

organisms that obtain their energy through the oxidation of inorganic molecules, such as iron and magnesium.

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6
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

6CO2 + 12H20 + light energy –> C6H12O2 + 6O2 + 6H2O

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7
Q

Splitting water

A

a type of hydrolysis, taking place in chlorophyl pigment and produces oxygen as a waste produce

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8
Q

chloroplast

A

organelles of a plant found in the mesophyll and are the cites of photosynthesis

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9
Q

chlorophyll

A

give plants green pigment, required to carryout photosynthesis and found in granum

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10
Q

Stomata

A

they open and close so that CO2 can enter and O2 can exit. Gascious exchange. Regulate water exchange through the release of water vapour.

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11
Q

thylakoid

A

flatten disk

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12
Q

granum

A

singular stack of thylakoids

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13
Q

grana

A

stacks of flatten disk

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14
Q

stroma

A

similar to cytoplasm

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15
Q

photosynthesis reactants

A

6CO2 + 12H2O

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16
Q

photosynthesis products

A

6CH12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

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17
Q

First stage of photosynthesis (light cycle)

A

Light reaction occurs in thylakoids. Splitting of water takes place. NADP+ reduces to NADPH and generates ATP from ADP by the process of photophosphorylation. Also releases CO2

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18
Q

Second stage of photosynthesis (calvin cycle)

A

Occurs in the stroma. When sugar is formed from CO2. The ATP and NADPH from the light cycle get fed into the calvin cycle to make sugar.
- NADPH is the higher electron carrier

19
Q

Light is a form of electromagnetic energy, also called

A

electromagnetic radiation. Like other electromagnetic energy, light travels in rythmic waves

20
Q

Wavelength is

A

the distance between crests of waves. it determines the type of electromagnetic energy

21
Q

The electromagnetic spectrum is the

A

entire range of electromagnetic energy or radiation

22
Q

Visible light consist of

A

wavelengths that produce colors we can see

23
Q

Light also behaves as though it consist of discrete particles called

A

photons

24
Q

pigments are

A

substances that absorb visible light

25
Q

The color visible to the eye

A

is the color that is being reflected off the object

26
Q

objects and substances absorb

A

pigments

27
Q

red, blue, and violet are useful for

A

photosynthesis

28
Q

chlorophyll a

A

main photosynthetic pigment, forest green in color

29
Q

chlorophyll b

A

accessory pigments, show up as lime green

30
Q

carotenoids

A

don’t do much photosynthesis, absorb all the extra light, like a protector, all the other light would be harmful to the chlorophyll, usually orange or yellow

31
Q

electrons go from a ground state to

A

an excited (exitation) state, unstable

32
Q

photosystem

A

embeded in the thylakoid membrane

33
Q

reaction center

A

accepts the sunlighht

34
Q

primary electron center

A

final absorption of electrons

35
Q

light harvesting complexes surround the

A

reaction center complex, which have a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules

36
Q

What happens in the photosystems

A

1 - photons hit the light harvesting complexes
2 - it exits the molecules bumping energy from one chlorophyll to another
3 - then the energy is transffered to one of the special chlorophyl a pair
4 - then that chlorophyl is oxidized
5 - the electron is then absorbed by the primary electron acceptor

37
Q

photosystem II

A

functions first and is best at absorbing a wavelength of 680nm. the reaction center chlorophyll a of PS II is called P680

38
Q

photosystem I

A

is best at absorbing a wavelength of 700nm. The reaction center chlorophyll of PS I is called P700

39
Q

From photosystem II 2 electrons fall down the

A

Electron transport chain to photosystem I. Then the electrons go to NADP+ and the electron make NADPH.

40
Q

NADP+ is the final

A

electron acceptor

41
Q

The splitting of water provides

A

the electrons

42
Q

Cyclic electron flow is the absence of

A

photosystem II

43
Q

Cyclic electron flow produces

A

a surpless of ATP, alternative pathway, dont not generate NADPH, and there is no splitting of water.

BIOL-A106-002 (17 decks)

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