Chloroplast and Mitochondira

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

sites of cellular respiration, the metabolic process that uses oxygen to drive the generalization of ATP by extracting energy from sugar, fats, and other fuels

Question 2

The quantity of mitochondria in a cell

Answer 2

depends on the cell’s level of metabolic activity

Question 3

Chloroplast and Mitochondria both have

Answer 3

a double membrane, contain ribosomes, and circular DNA molecules in their inner membranes.

Question 4

Chloroplast and mitochondira are autonomous organelles meaning that

Answer 4

they grow and reproduce within the cell

Question 5

The outer membrane of a mitochondira is

Answer 5

smooth

Question 6

The inner membrane of a mitochondria is

Answer 6

convoluted with infoldings called cristae

Question 7

The inner membrane of a mitochondria divides

Answer 7

into 2 compartments, the intermembrane space between the inner and outer member and the mitochondrial matrix, enclosed by the inner membrane

Question 8

the matrix contains

Answer 8

enzymes, mitochondrial DNA and ribosomes

Question 9

Enzymes in the matrix

Answer 9

catalyze cellular respiration

Question 10

The enzymes that make ATP are

Answer 10

built into the inner membrane

Question 11

The cristae give the inner membrane

Answer 11

a large surface area, enhancing productivity of cellular respiration

Question 12

Chloroplast are

Answer 12

found in plants and algae, sites for photosynthesis

Question 13

Chloroplast

Answer 13

convert solar energy to chemical energy by absorbing sunlight and using it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds, such as sugars from carbon dioxide and water

Question 14

Chloroplast contain

Answer 14

a green pigment called chlorophyll, they also contain enzymes and other molecules that function in photosynthetic production of sugar.

Question 15

Thylakoids are

Answer 15

inside the chloroplast is and are the membranous system in the form of flattened, interconnected sacs.

Question 16

Stacks of thylakoids are called

Answer 16

granum

Question 17

the fluid outside the thylakoids is called

Answer 17

the stroma, which contains the chloroplast DNA, ribosomes, and many enzymes

Question 18

The compartmental organization enables the chloroplast to

Answer 18

convert high energy to chemical energy during photosynthesis

Question 19

Chloroplast and mitochondria move

Answer 19

along the tracks of cytoskeleton

Question 20

Endosymbiont Theory

Answer 20

an ancestor of the eukaryotic cells engulfed an oxygen using nonphotosynthetic prokaryotic cell. Eventually they formed a relationship becoming endosymbiot. Over evolution they became one organism, eukaryotic cell with the endosymbiont becoming the mitochondrion. One of the cells had taken up photosynthetic prokaryote, becomeing the ancestor of the eukaryotic cells that contain chloroplast.

Question 21

Peroxisome

Answer 21

a specialized metabolic compartment bounded by a single membrane

Question 22

Peroxisomes contain

Answer 22

enzymes that remove hydrogen atoms from substances and transfer them to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

Question 23

Some peroxisome use

Answer 23

oxygen to break fatty acids down into smaller molecules that get transfer to the mitochondira

Question 24

Peroxisomes in the liver

Answer 24

detoxify alcohol and other harmful compounds by transffering hydrogen from poisionus compounds to oxygen

Question 25

Chloroplast belong to a family called

Answer 25

plastids