Phonology

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

The study of the sounf features used in a language to communicate meaning.

Question 2

Phoneme

Answer 2

The smallest unit of sound that can make a difference to meaning in lenguage.
Sing and Ring are different words just because of the first phoneme.

Question 3

Phonemic symbol

Answer 3

Represent one phoneme and just one. /s/ or /v/

Question 4

Phonemic script

Answer 4

Is a set of phonemic symbols which show in writing how words or sounds are pronounced. (The word in symbols is called a phonemic transcription).

Question 5

Vowels

Answer 5

Sounds made with the moutj partly open and the air isn’t stopped by tongue, teeth or anything. /e/

Question 6

Diphthongs

Answer 6

A movement from one vowel sound to another within a single syllable. E.g. Make: /meIk/ the sound of ake is just one.

Question 7

Consonants

Answer 7

The flow of air is partly blocked by the tongue, lips or teeth when these sounds are made. E.g. /b/

Question 8

Voice sounds

Answer 8

Consonants spoken using the vibration of our voice. E.g. /b/ /d/

Question 9

Unvoiced sounds

Answer 9

Consonants spoken without using our voice. E.g. /p/ /t/

Question 10

’ or underlined word

Answer 10

Used to show where the stress in a word is.

Question 11

Sentence stress

Answer 11

How sentences of groups of words are pronounced. We say different parts of one sentence with more or less stress. Slower and louder, quicker and softly.

Question 12

Primary or Main stress

Answer 12

The word which the speaker thinks is most important to the meaning of the sentence. It usually falls in nouns verbs, adjectives or adverbs.

Question 13

Secondary stress

Answer 13

It falls on words which are not so important to the meaning of the sentence.

Question 14

Content words

Answer 14

Words that give information. E.g. nouns, verbs, adverbs or adjectives.

Question 15

Structural words

Answer 15

Words that we use to build the grammar of the sentence. E.g. prepositions, articles, pronouns or determiners.

Question 16

Contrastive stress

Answer 16

Putting the stress in an unexpected word in a sentence (like structural words).

Question 17

Connected speech

Answer 17

Spoken language in which all the words join to make a connected stream of sounds.

Question 18

Contractions

Answer 18

A characteristic of Connected speech. E.g. don’t, haven’t.

Question 19

Weak forms

Answer 19

A characteristic of Connected speech. They are syllable sounds that become unstressed in connected speech and are often then pronounced as a schwa. E.g. In the sentence below the first ‘do’ is a weak form and the second is stressed.
“What do you want to do this evening?”

Question 20

Rhythm

Answer 20

Pattern of stress in connected speech.

Question 21

Linking

Answer 21

It´s joined words together at the word boundaries rather than saying them separately. This happens particularly when one word ends in a consonant soun and the next one starts with a vowel sound. E.g. up above He did it

Question 22

Intonation

Answer 22

A characteristic of Connected speech. It’s the way a speaker changes the level of their voice to show meaning.