Approaches to language teaching Flashcards
Approach to language
Our view of language and our view of how language learning take place.
PPP (presentation, practice and production).
Grammatical structures and functions are the most important aspect. Language is learnt in a context, practicing it in controlled guided conditions, then using it in freer conditions.
Classroom: Grammar structures, without mistakes in practice stage, inputs of language and guided by the teacher.
PPP activities.
1 Situational representations, miming. 2 Drills. 3 Role plays and information gaps.
Lexical approach.
Vocabulary is the most importante aspect (words and chunks). Learners learn through notice chunks as a whole and complete units.
Syllabus focuses on lexis through authentic material requesting to be underline.
Functional approach.
Functions are the most important. Language is learnt in a context, practicing it in controlled guided conditions, then using it in freer conditions.
Functions usually graded; this approach does not have any typical activity.
Communicative approaches.
Communication is the most important aspect, it is learnt by functions, grammar, vocabulary, discourse and skills. The best way to learn is in interaction.
Syllabus focuses on tasks, functions and topic areas. Work in pairs or groups and with authentic material; the teacher just sets up communicative activities.
Grammar-translation approach.
Grammatical rules are the most important. . THe best way to learn is through analysis and applying grammatical rules.
Studying grammatical rules presented through terms, the applying them. Learning words by heart. Translating text or sentences. Emphasis on grammatical accuracy.
TPR (Total physical response).
Grammatical structures and vocabulary are the most important. The best way to learn is by being exposed to language. Learners often need a silent period. Language is learnt best when you are doing physicall activities and your are relaxed.
Used mainly with young learners and begginers. Teacher or other learners giving instructions and learners doing them.
Guided discovery.
Language has patterns of meaning and use. The best way to learn is through working out patterns and rules of a language the students themselves.
Teacher giving examples of a target language (text with several examples of past tense, sentence stress, etc) the he asks to work out the rules. After that he gives the rules.
