Phonatory System: Observation and Measurement of Phonation (EXAM 2) Flashcards
Endoscopy
Allows perceptual level of observation of larynx and its functions from above via inserting device through oral/nasal cavities
Rigid Endoscopy
Oral Route
Good image
Interferes with pharyngeal-oral structures and limits speech production activities
Flexible Endoscopy
Nasal route
Reasonably good image, no obstruction of pharyngeal-oral structures
Allows full range of speech production activities
No issue with speaking or singing
Stroboscopy
Flashing light stroboscopy applied to create optical illusion of slow motion vibration of VF (often used in endoscopy)
High speed digital imaging camera
Recording of images at rates between 2000-5000 frames/second
Typically: 125-360 frames/sec
provides detailed analysis of each cycle
No need for strobing
Pneumotachometer
Measures AIRFLOW
Aeromechanical observation that provides information about status of laryngeal airway
Most common measures are:
-AIRFLOW
-Laryngeal resistance to airflow (high resistance, too much closure, low resistance, too little)
Too much or too little airflow would indicate laryngeal closure issues
Laryngeal airway resistance: Low resistance values
Larynx not resisting enough
Too much airflow, low pressure
VF not closing well
VF paralysis, breathiness, high shimmer quality
Laryngeal airway resistance: High resistance values
Larynx resisting too much
Low airflow, high pressure
VF closing too much
Spasmodic dysphonia (Strain)
Spectrograms
Acoustic observations
Provides measures of fundamental frequency, dBSPL, and glottal spectrum (harmonics)
Also information about voice onset/offset, and distribution of sound energy and noise
Various instruments provide ability to:
Visualize larynx and functions
measure its related aeromechanical events
Evaluate sound it produces
