Observation and Measurement of Respiratory System (EXAM1 )

Question 1

Volume Measurement

Answer 1

Measures the size of the Respiratory system, can either be through airway or body surface

Question 2

Volume Measurement: Airway opening

Answer 2

Relies on air movement to/from lungs through nose and mouth
How: via mouthpiece/mask

2 types:
Spirometer (wet and electronic)
Pneumotachometer

Question 3

Spirometer

Answer 3

2 types: wet and electronic spirometer

Blowing into a mouthpiece

Question 4

Wet Spirometer

Answer 4

measure of breath using water, chamber, and bell-shaped apparatus
height of bell displacement correlated with air volume
drawback: doesn’t measure speech tidal volume

Question 5

Electronic Spirometer

Answer 5

Uses air flow and pressure sensors to estimate lung volume
compared with built-in norms of age, sex, and height
same drawback as wet spirometer

Question 6

Pneomotachometer

Answer 6

Mask format
Senses airflow by measuring air pressure differences across a resistive screen
person breathes into mask, flow of air converted by air resistance across screen
in ml/s
Does give speech content but limited with conversation (consonants)

Question 7

Volume Measurement: Body Surface

Answer 7

ribcage movement and abdominal muscle movement shows on body surface

2 types:
Magnetometer
Plethysmograph

Question 8

Magentometer

Answer 8

Electromagnetic coils placed front and back of ribcage and abdomen
current passed through one coil generated EMF in other, changes in EMF occurs because of changes in abdomen/ribcage
Pretty good estimate of lung volume

Allows for greater mobility, more facial movements and speech

Question 9

Plethysomgraph

Answer 9

Displacement of ribcage and abdomen measured by elastic coils embedded within bands
wearable in everyday life, gets most normal and varied data with speech

Question 10

Pressure Measurement

Answer 10

Measures alveolar pressure for speech

2 types:
Intraoral Pressure Transducer
H20 Manometer

Question 11

Intraoral Pressure Transducer

Answer 11

Can estimate alveolar pressure by converting pressure of air against the diaphragm of the transducer into electrical signals
can be embedded with dental appliance, therefore limits talking

Question 12

H20 Manometer

Answer 12

Can also estimate alveolar pressure

Question 13

Shape Measurement

Answer 13

Body surface measurement, magnetometer and plethysmograph

Question 14

Parkinson’s disease

Answer 14

Progressive disease that affects basal ganglia function characterized by muscle rigidity, restricted movements, imprecise articulation, monotonous speech, and a breathy/weak voice

Question 15

Parkinson’s study

Answer 15

14 typical and 14 parkinson’s adult male assessed on their breathing rate, lung volume, air flow, body shape, and alveolar pressure

Question 16

Breathing rate and lung volume assessed with

Answer 16

Wet spirometer

Question 17

Air flow assessed with

Answer 17

Pneumotachometer

Question 18

Body shape assessed with

Answer 18

Magnetometer

Question 19

Alveolar pressure measued with

Answer 19

Intraoral Pressure Transducer

Question 20

Results of Parkinson’s study

Answer 20

Significant difference:
Smaller lung volume
faster breathing rate
fewer words per breath
low alveolar pressure

concluded that Parkinson’s had compromised respiratory and phonatory systems

Question 21

Parkinson’s treatment

Answer 21

LSVT (Lee silverman voice treatment) focus on increasing speech lung volume and louder vocal intensity