pharmocology Flashcards
pharmacology
study of drugs
actions and effects on the systems
drug
substance or product that is used to modify physiological system that provide benefits to the user
medicine
drug mixed in formulation that is able to be administered
administer drugs
how the drug works
how the drugs affects the body
usual dosage, frequency,
effects and indications
adverse affects
drug intereactions
useful drug characteristics
- potent= amount of chemical required to produce an effect
- selective- act on particular cellular process
- easily adminstered
- easy to absorb
- easy to eliminate
Pharmaceutics
The science of the preparation and dispensing of drugs
chemical name
precise description of drugs chemical composition
approved name
name suggested by regulatory body
trade name
what its sold as
pharmocokenetics
drug absorption, distribution, excretion
drug absorption
passage of drug from site of administed into blood stream
must cross cell membrane ( passive diffusion filtration, active transport)
what determines absorption
number of cell membranes
surface area
blood stream
-lipid soluble, degree of ionisation, ph, molecular structure
how does drug travel in blood
in a drug protein complex
how does distribution effected
hypoalbumin
affinity of the drug to bind to protein
drugs bind to other tissues
drug brairers
drug metabloisim
start of drug clearence occurs in the liver
occurs in the liver
enzyme modification
lipid soluble to water soluble
kidney- get rid of drug
the process of drug metabolisim
oxidation
reduction
hydrolysis
conjuction
try to get the lipid soluble to be water soluble
hepatic first pass effect
variable proprotion of orally adminstered drug
that is metabolised by liver before it has an effect on the body
renal drug excretion
glomerular filtration- only free unbound drugs- not bound to albumin
tubular secretion- drugs may be reabsorbed depending on their lipid solubility- if its lipid soluble will be reabsorbed
tubular
drug clearence
hepatic + renal + other
four regulatory drugs proteins
receptors
ion channels
carrier molecules
enzymes
receptors
lock and key
agonist- increase response
antagonist- stop
ion channels
block channels- stop action potential maybe
acts as a chemical receptor
carrier molecules
prevent uptake of carrier molecules - can’t uptake of neurotransmitter
enzymes
non- competitive inhibitor- denatures the binding site can’t procced at all oftern perment
competitive inhibitor - active site
