disease process Flashcards
risk factors
environmental- toxins in water
inherited- passed down
lifestyle- lack of exercise
stimuli causing
chemical- metal, posions, toxins= problems with enzymes
physical- cuts, abrasions, burns, radiation causes dna mutations
temperature- extreme cold- vasoconstriction to hands and toes// increase viscosity of blood- increased TPR, extreme heat = burns - coagulation of protein
nutritional- lack of VD AND CALCIUM=- osteoporosis
infectious agents- bacteria, fungi, virus
genetic stimuli- cystic fibrosis
increasing age- reduction in blood flow, cells
pathogenisis
development of a disease
changes in cell n/o, size, function, tisues, organs
structure and function
clinical
signs- what we can see they are observable and measureable
symptoms- the person how they feel subjectively
cells under stress
will need to adapt
if too overwhelming it can be ineffective and cells will injure or die
if removed cell can return back to normal
cell type
liable cells
= skin cells- divide frequently
stable cells
=infrequent division - liver cells
permament cells-
cannot divide = cardiac cells
types of stimuli
physiologicial stimuli
= hormones/ increased and decreased function
pathological stimuli
= genetic, insurficent nutrients, problem with immune system, autoimmune, endocrine/ hormone disorder, infected by pathogens, exsposed to toxc chemicals, problem with blood flow, hypoxia
disorders effect cell function
hypoxia- lack of oxygen = cell cant produce atp
ischaemia= poor blood flow- lack of o2 to cell and nutrients can’t clear out waste products
necrosis- cell death because cell is under stress= premature death
neoplasisa= abnormal cell and tissue growth= could be tumour growth
metaplassia- one cell type changes to another,
dysplasia- abonromal cell shapes and size
cell adaptation
atrophy- cells decrease in size due to decrease in work load
hypertrophy- cells increase in size because increased work load
hyperplasisa- increased cell numbers
metaplasisa- cells change from one type to another but its reversible it is within their tissue type
dysplasisia- variation in cell sizes
pathological proccess
inflamation
healing
immune response/ infectious response
fluid
neoplasia- development of tumours- excess cell growth
tumours
excess cell growth by neoplasia
bengin
or cancerous
growth of tissue type
loss of function
loss of control of cell cycle
loss of DNA
necrosis and atoposis are
irreversible
