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Cardio-Renal > Pharmacology of Antiarrhythmics > Flashcards

Pharmacology of Antiarrhythmics Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that block these ion channels decrease the excitability of nodal cells.

A

Ca2+ channel blockers

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2
Q

Class IA antiarrhythmics have a moderate affinity for Na+ channels. What drugs belong to this class?

A

Quinidine, procainaminde, disopyramide

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3
Q

These Class II anti-arrhythmics are used in acute management of atrial flutter and fibrillation.

A

Metropolol, esmolol

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4
Q

True/False. Lidocaine is orally effective.

A

False - Lidocaine must be administered via IV. Mexiletine is orally active

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5
Q

What Na+ channel blockers are used to treat supraventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation?

A

Flecainide, Propafenone

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6
Q

This anti-arrhythmic is first-line for treatment of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation.

A

Amiodarone

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7
Q

What is the MOA of Class I antiarrhythmics?

A

Na+ channel blockers

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8
Q

This anti-arrhythmic is approved for pediatric use.

A

Sotalol (Class III) - non-selective beta blocker that also blocks K+ channels

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9
Q

What is the antiarrhythmic class for Ca2+ channel blockers?

A

Class IV

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10
Q

Class IC antiarrhythmics have a high affinity for Na+ channels. What drugs belong to this class?

A

Flexainide, propafenone

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11
Q

Cardiac tissue is resistant to action potential summation and tetany. Why is this?

A

Na+ channels in cardiac tissue have open, closed, and inactivated states. In the inactivated state, the channel cannot open regardless of stimulus. This creates an absolute refractory period that prevents tetany.

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12
Q

Influx of what ion through what channels is responsible for cardiac depolarization?

A

Influx of Ca2+ thru funny channels

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13
Q

Lupus-like autoimmune syndrome is an ADR associated with what antiarrhythmic?

A

Procainamide

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14
Q

This Class II anti-arrhythmic is used post MI to prevent arrhythmias.

A

Propanolol

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15
Q

What is the MOA of Class III antiarrhythmics?

A

K+ channel blockers

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16
Q

What is the antiarrhythmic class for beta blockers?

A

Class II

17
Q

What is the antiarrhythmic class for K+ channel blockers?

A

Class III

18
Q

What is the effect of K+ channel blockers are cardiac depolarization?

A

K+ channel blockers lengthen the refractory period and prolong the initial action potential. This slows development of a new action potential

19
Q

This antiarrhythmic is contraindicated in patients post-MI due to risk of arrhythmias. What other ADRs are associated with this drug?

A

Flecainide - blurred vision, heart failure

20
Q

This antiarrhythmics have little affect on the SA/AV node and are used to treat life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.

A

Lidocaine, mexiletine

21
Q

What is the antiarrhythmic class for Na+ channel blockers?

A

Class I

22
Q

What ADRs are associated with Amiodorane?

A

Hyper/Hypothyroidism, blue skin, pulmonary fibrosis, corneal deposits

23
Q

This anti-arrhythmic produces transient asystole.

A

Adenosine

24
Q

What ADRs are associated with Class IB antiarrhythmics?

A

Lidocaine, mexiletine - CNS effects (drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, etc.)

25
Q

Class IB antiarrhythmics have a low affinity for Na+ channels and are extremely fast acting. What drugs belong to this class?

A

Lidocaine, mexiletine

26
Q

What is the primary treatment for acute supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Adenosine

27
Q

What is the difference between the absolute and relative refractory periods?

A

In the absolute refractory period, Na+ channels are inactivated and no amount of stimulus can trigger depolarization.

In the relative refractory period, Na+ channels are in the closed state. They A depolarization may occur with increased stimuli.

28
Q

What are the Beta1 selective antiarrhythmics?

A

Metropolol, esmolol

29
Q

What is the MOA of Class IV antiarrhythmics?

A

Ca2+ channel blockers

30
Q

What is the MOA of adeonsine?

A

Antagonizes the effects of cAMP to reduce Ca+ current in nodal cells

31
Q

What is the MOA of Class II antiarrhythmics?

A

Beta blockers

32
Q

These anti-arrhythmics slow SA/AV nodal conduction and are used to treat supraventricular tachycardia.

A

Verapamil, diltiazem

33
Q

This antiarrhythmic is broken down into a potent active metabolite that blocks K+ channels.

A

Procainamide

34
Q

What ADRs are associated with quinidine?

A

Cinchonism (tinnitus, blurred vision, headache), anticholinergic symptoms

35
Q

Drugs that block these ion channels decrease conduction velocity.

A

Na+ channel blockes

Cardio-Renal (37 decks)

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