Pathology of Nephritic Disease Flashcards
A patient is diagnosed with rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis. There are no detectable anti-GBM antibodies or immune complexes. Tests for ANCAs are positive. What type of RPGN does this patient have?
Type III RPGN (Pacui-Immune)
What is Henoch-Schonlein purpura?
Systemic deposits of IgA (aka IgA vasculitis)
Goodpasture syndrome is an example of what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Type II Hyper sensitivity
This nephritic disease is associated with respiratory, GI, and urinary tract infections.
IgA Neuropathy (Berger Disease)
A kidney biopsy is analyzed by a pathologist. They describe subendothelial dense deposits in the glomeruli and “wire loops.” What is the diagnosis?
Lupus Nephritis
What symptoms present in Alport Syndrome?
Hematuria, nerve deafness, eye disorders
What are the three types of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis?
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody, immune complex, Pauci-immune
“Hump-like” deposits in the subepithelium are most associated with what nephritic disease?
Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis
A patient is diagnosed with a focal glomeruli disorder. How many glomeruli are involved?
Only some glomeruli - less than 50%
What pathologic changes will be observed on a kdiney EM of a patient with Alport syndrome?
Irregular thickening of the basement membrane with thinning, “basket weave” appearance
What antibodies are associated with systemic lupus?
Anti-smooth muscle and dsDNA antibodies
What bacteria are most associated with acute proliferative glomerulonephritis?
Streptococcal infections
What is the primary symptom associated with nephritic disorders?
Hematuria
Alport Syndrome is an X-linked genetic disease. What mutation is present?
Mutation affecting collagen IV
What is the most common type of Lupus Nephritis?
Diffuse Nephritis
What is the most common type of glomerulonephritis worldwide?
IgA Nephropathy (Berger Disease)
Goodpasture Syndrome most often presents in teens and young adults who smoke. What triad is characteristic of this syndrome?
Alveolar hemorrhage, glomerulonephritis, anti-GBM antibodies
An entire glomerulus is involved in a patient with a nephritic disorder. What is this termed?
Global
True/False. Plasmapheresis is an effective treatment option for Type II Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis.
False - Plasmapheresis is ineffective in Type II RPGN. It is effective in Type I
Most cases of acute proliferative glomerulonephritis are seen in what patient population?
Children
Type II RPGN is due to immune complex deposition. What disorders are associated with this type of RPGN?
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus
What histologic finding is characteristic of Rapidly Progressing Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)?
Cellular crescent in Bowman’s space
In cases of IgA nephropathy, where are glomerular deposits found?
Mesangial Matrix
What antibodies are present in Type I rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis?
Anti-GBM (glomerular basement membrane)
A patient is diagnosed with a nephrotic disorder. In observing a glomerulus under microscopy, only a portion is involved. What term describes this involvement?
Segmental
How many glomeruli are involved with a diffuse disorder?
Most glomeruli - more than 50%
What patient population is most often affected by Henoch-Schonlein purpura and IgA nephropahthy?
Children, 3-8yo
True/False. Damage in lupus nephritis is limited to the glomeruli.
False - changes and the interstitium and tubules may be involved
What materials make up crescents in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis?
Fibrin & macropahges
Linear immunoflorescene in a renal biopsy is most associated with what disorder?
Goodpasture Syndrome - antibodies against the GBM
