Pharmacology - chapter 5 - Cholinergic antagonists

Question 0

atropine and scopolamine?

Answer 0

antimuscarininc agents

Question 1

other names for cholinergic antagonists?

Answer 1

parasympatholytics, anticolinergics, cholinergic blockers

Question 2

anticholinergics that do not produce an effect at the neuromuscular junction?

Answer 2

antimuscarinics

Question 3

Belladonna alkaloid?

Answer 3

atropine

Question 4

Where dotheth thine Atropine worketh?

Answer 4

binds competitively with high affinity to muscarinic receptors. BOth centrally and peripherally

Question 5

Atropine and... 
1 the eye?
2 GI tract?
3 Urinary tract system?
4 Cardiovascular?
5 Secretions?

Answer 5

1 The eye - persistent myadris(do not use if patient got glaucoma)
2 GI - antispasmodic(do not inhibit gastric HCL secretion significantly)
3 UT system - reduce hypermotility, enuresis in children.
4 CArdiovascular - decrease hr
5 Secretions - blocks salivary, sweat and lacrimal glands

Question 6

Scopolamine and Atropine, differences?

Answer 6

Similar peripheral effects. Scopolamine is longer lasting and have greater action in the CNS.

Question 7

One of the most effective anti-motion sickness meds out there?

Answer 7

Scopolamine

Question 8

treat motionsickness and block short-term memory?

Answer 8

Scopolamine

Question 9

Inhaled Ipratropium and tiotropium?

Answer 9

derivatives of atropine, used as bronchodilators for maintenance treatment of bronchospasms and COPD

Question 10

Tropicamide and Cyclopentolate?

Answer 10

similar to atropine but with shorter duration of action. Used as ophthalmic solutions for mydriasis and cycloplegia.

Question 11

Ganglionic Blockers:

Act on nicotinic receptors and are thus inhibiting….

Answer 11

both parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic ganglia. They show little effectivity at NMJ

Question 12

Neuromuscular blocking drugs:

name clinically useful applications?

Answer 12

during surgery for muscle relaxation, orthopedic surgery and trachel intuabation.

Question 13

Diazepm binds at what receptors?

Answer 13

GABA receptors

Question 14

Tubocurare?

Answer 14

Binds and block at NMJ

Question 15

In what order are the different muscles affected by non-competitive inhibitors at NMJ?

Answer 15

small, rapidly contracting muscles of eyes and face - fingers - limbs - neck - trunk - intercostals and lastly diaphragm

Question 16

All neuromuscular-blocking agents are administered by this route?

Answer 16

IV injection

Question 17

Halogenated hydrocarbon aneathetics?

Answer 17

enhance NMJ blockade by sensitizing the NMJ to neuromuscular blockers

Question 18

Succinylcholine?

Answer 18

bind and depolarize at the NMJ, but do not disassociate as quickly as ACh and therefore render the receptor incapable of recieving new stimulus.

Question 19

If rapid endotracheal intubation is required, administer….?

Answer 19

succinylcholine, beacuse of its rapid onset and short duration.

Question 20

succinylcholine and potassium?

Answer 20

succinylcholine increase potassium efflux. This may be dangerous in burn patients and patients with significant tissue damage, condition in which potassium has been released quickly from intracellular stores.

Question 21

What is “atropine fever”?

Answer 21

hyperthermia induced by antimuscarinic agents, caused mainly by inhibition of sweating

Question 22

Hexamethonium & mecamylamine, moa?

Answer 22

Ganglion blocking drugs that interact with nicotinic receptors

Question 23

Pancuronium, atracurium and vecuronium?

Answer 23

Newer short-acting NMJ blockers