Pharmacology Flashcards
clinical trials given to a small number of healthy volunteers, asses most common acute adverse effects, examine doses that pts. can take safely
Phase 1 human drug testing
drug given to pts. who have the condition
Phase 2 human drug testing
trial will begin with large numbers of participants with the disease of interest
Phase 3 human drug testing
Once the drug is approved, it is monitored for any problems that occur under actual condition for the drug use in the general pt. pop
Phase 4 human drug testing
The ability of the drug to enter the bloodstream
absorption
the movement of the drug throughout the body to various tissues
Distribution
the chemical alteration of the drug
Biotransformation
the ability of the body to remove the drug and its metabolites
Excretion or elimination
the ability of a drug to initiate a response subsequent to binding to its target
efficacy
” use effectiveness” indicates how two drugs may compare in the general population
Real-work efficacy
the dose of the drug that produces a given response
potency
the does required to produce 50% of the max effect
50% effect level
the does at which 50% of the people report they had a positive response to the drug
ED50 or TD50
the dose of drug that causes death in 50% of the animals tested
LD 50
Therapeutic index equals
LD50/ED50
the larger the number the safer the drug
