Medical imaging Flashcards
anatomy viewed by
US, Xray, CT, MRI
physiology viewed by
PET, SPECT, fMRI
most common type of medical imaging at this time
X rays
a series of x rays from different angles that allow a 3D reconstruction of the tissue. compared to an x ray it has better contrast resolution but worse spacial resolution
CT (computed tomography)
A useful process for analyzing tissue function and tissue anatomy; does no emit radiation, instead it detects the radiation that is present inside of an individual as a radioactive tracker AKA scintigraphy or radionuclide imaging
Nuclear diagnostics
the release of energy/matter which is a result due to changes that occur with the nucleus of an atom
radioactivity
a technique that combines x ray imaging or CT with contrast dye
Contrast radiology
Have increased absorption of x rays and appear white on film
positive contrast dyes
have decreased absorption and appear dark/grey on film
negative contrast dyes
contrast media is injected into a specific artery, results in the blood vessel being illustrated as well as any organ or tumor that the vessel supplies. considered the gold standard for vessel examination
Angiography
a noninvasive test that can be used to estimate your blood flow through blood vessels by bouncing high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) off circulating red blood cells. A regular ultrasound uses sound waves to produce images, but can’t show blood flow.
Doppler imaging
a technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues within your body. Most machines are large, tube-shaped magnets. When you lie inside a machine, the magnetic field temporarily realigns hydrogen atoms in your body.
MRI
a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow.
fMRI
an imaging test that helps reveal how your tissues and organs are functioning. the scan uses a radioactive drug (tracer) to show this activity.The tracer may be injected, swallowed or inhaled, depending on which organ or tissue is being studied. The tracer collects in areas of your body that have higher levels of chemical activity, which often correspond to areas of disease.these areas show up as bright spots.
Positron Emission tomography
a type of nuclear imaging test, which means it uses a radioactive substance and a special camera to create 3-D pictures. this scan produces images that show how your organs work/ can show how blood flows to your heart or what areas of your brain are more active or less active.
Single photon emission computed tomography
