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Comp 1 > 745 > Flashcards

745 Flashcards

1
Q

reversing impairments

A

remediation

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2
Q

changes in the environments and tasks

A

compensation or adaptation

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3
Q

management of anticipated problem

A

prevention

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4
Q

SINSS

A 
severity
irritability
nature
stage
staility
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5
Q

patient profile

A 
age
occupation
current daily activity leve
recreation/hobbies
psychosocial factors
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6
Q

body chart

A 
location
description
clear other areas
number each complaint
establish relationship btw complaints
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7
Q

intensity of the symptoms and the effect on functional ability

A

severity

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8
Q

amount of activity to produce an exacerbation of symptoms and the time to subside or ease

A

irritability

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9
Q

treatment plan should include

A 
education
modalities
ther ex
manual therapy
assistive device
HEP
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10
Q

contraindications to mob/manip

A 
malignancy
neurological
vascular
bone diseases
inflammatory conditions
infection
acute symptomatic disc herniation
undiagnosed pain
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11
Q

distraction grading system

A

grade 1: unloading and decompressing the joint surfaces
grade 2: separation of joint surfaces
grade 3: joint capsule and ligament stretch

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12
Q

distraction time for pain

A

10-20 sec

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13
Q

distraction time for stretching joint capsule

A

30-60 sec

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14
Q

maitland grade I

A

first 25% small amplitude

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15
Q

maitland grade II

A

large amplitude middle 50%

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16
Q

maitland grade III

A

last 50%

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17
Q

maitland grade IV

A

last 25%

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18
Q

maitland grade V

A

high velocity small amplitude

manipulation

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19
Q

manual technique for treating pain

A

grade I and II

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20
Q

manual technique for resistance

A

III and IV

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21
Q

hip inferior glide facilitates

A

joint mobility

pain relief

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22
Q

hip posterior glide facilitates

A

flexion

IR

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23
Q

hip anterior glide facilitates

A

extension

ER

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24
Q

hip lateral distraction facilitates

A

joint mobility

pain relief

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25
Q

knee distraction facilitates

A

joint mobility

pain relief

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26
Q

knee anterior glide facilitates

A

extension

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27
Q

knee posterior glide facilitates

A

flexion

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28
Q

ankle talocural distraction facilitates

A

joint mobility

pain relief

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29
Q

ankle talocural posterior (dorsal) glide facilitates

A

dorsiflexion

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30
Q

ankle talocural anterior (ventral) glide facilitates

A

plantarflexion

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31
Q

ankle subtalar distraction facilitates

A

joint mobility

pain control

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32
Q

ankle subtalar medial glide facilitates

A

inversion

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33
Q

ankle subtalar lateral glide facilitates

A

eversion

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34
Q

glenohumeral anterior glide facilitates

A

ER
extension
horizontal abduction

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35
Q

glenohumeral posterior glide facilitates

A

IR
flexion
horizontal adduction

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36
Q

glenohumeral inferior glide facilitates

A

elevation

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37
Q

glenohumeral lateral glide facilitates

A

general hypomobility

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38
Q

scapular superior glide facilitates

A

elevation

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39
Q

scapular inferior glide facilitates

A

depression

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40
Q

scapular lateral glide facilitates

A

abduction/protraction

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41
Q

scapular medial glide facilitates

A

adduction/retraction

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42
Q

humeroulnar distraction facilitates

A

joint mobility

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43
Q

humeroulnar medial glide facilitates

A

elbow extention

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44
Q

humeroulnar lateral glide facilitates

A

elbow flexion

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45
Q

humeroradial distraction facilitates

A

joint mobility

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46
Q

distal radioulnar volar glide facilitates

A

pronation

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47
Q

distal radioulnar dorsal glide facilitates

A

supination

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48
Q

wrist volar glide facilitates

A

wrist extension

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49
Q

wrist dorsal glide facilitates

A

wrist flexion

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50
Q

wrist ulnar glide facilitates

A

radial deviation

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51
Q

wrist radial glide facilitates

A

ulnar deviation

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52
Q

MCP volar glide facilitates

A

flexion

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53
Q

MCP dorsal glide facilitates

A

extension

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54
Q

MCP radial glide facilitates

A

abduction

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55
Q

MCP ulnar glide facilitates

A

adduction

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56
Q

MCP traction facilitates

A

joint mobility

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57
Q

ther ex components for bone

A

biomechanical energy int he line of stress

avoid sheer forces

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58
Q

ther ex components for cartilage

A

intermittent compression and decompression with gliding

avoid excessive overload

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59
Q

ther ex components for collagen

A

modified tension in the line of stress

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60
Q

ther ex goals in the acute phase

A

rest
relieve pain
protect

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61
Q

ther ex goals in the sub-acute phase

A

optimal stimulus for regeneration
protect
gain motion

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62
Q

ther ex goals in the chronic phase

A

increase tissue stress
full motion
strengthen
return to pain free function

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63
Q

when you are doing 4 reps for strength you should be at ____% rep max

A

90%

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64
Q

when you are doing 16 reps for strength/endurance you should be at ____% rep max

A

75%

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65
Q

when you are doing 25 reps for endurance you should be at ____% rep max

A

65%

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66
Q

pain in the anterosuperior part of the shoulder: weakness and stiffness

A

impingement syndrome

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67
Q

rotator cuff weakness
overuse of the shoulder
degenerative tendinopathy

A

intrinsic impingement syndrome

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68
Q

instability (classic)
shape of the acromion
degeneration of the AC joint
impingement by the coracoacromial ligament or coracoid process

A

extrinsic impingement syndrome

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69
Q 
age 
position of the arm during activities
repetitive overhead
muscles imbalances
capsular tightness
postural imbalance
structural asymmetry
impaired scapular kinematics
A

MOI of impingement syndrome

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70
Q

more than 40 years+ overuse + painful arc

A

primary impingement

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71
Q

young + repetitive overhead/athletic activity + painful arc

A

secondary impingement

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72
Q

education for impingement syndrome

A

avoid overhead activities and positions of shoulder impingement

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73
Q

ther ex for impingement syndrome

A

postural corrections
ROM
stretching and strengthening

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74
Q

manual therapy for impingement syndrome

A

inferior and posterior glides

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75
Q

recurrent shoulder dislocation (chronic phase)

apprehension test positive

A

traumatic shoulder instability

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76
Q

tendinitis, sensation of instability and laxity

apprehension test negative

A

atraumatic shoulder instability

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77
Q

education for shoulder instability

A

avoid MOI and overhead activities

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78
Q

ther ex for shoulder instability

A

scapular stabilization exercises and rotator cuff strengthening

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79
Q

sudden eccentric biceps contraction as in trying to grab an object while falling from a height or a fall onto the outstretched hand
repetitive overhead activity, specially in baseball players (they show sig GH IR deficits with the shoulder in 90 degrees abduction, which predispose excessive ER)

A

MOI SLAP lesion

Superior labral tear form anterior to posterior

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80
Q

pain is the most common long term complaint along with a feeling of instability or lack of control of the are in the overhead as well as abducted ER positions

A

SLAP lesion

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81
Q

education for SLAP

A

avoid MOI and overhead activities

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82
Q

ther ex for SLAP

A

scapular stabilization exercises and posterior capsular stretching

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83
Q

education for frozen shoulder

A

explain the nature of the disease and prepare them for extended recovery

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84
Q

ther ex for frozen shoulder

A

stretching - progressive in the amount of stress and time (according to the stage)
hold relax stretching and low load prolonged stress is indicated

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85
Q

Manual therapy for frozen shoulder

A

ER with inferior glide (rotator cuff interval RIC)

posterior glide and maneuvers for general mobility

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86
Q 
location of symptoms
ant capsular strain
biceps rupture
elbow dislocation
pronator syndrome
A

anterior

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87
Q 
location of symptoms
med epicondylitis
MCL injury
ulnar neuritis
fracture
A

medial

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88
Q

location of symptoms
olecranon bursitis
olecranon process
stress frcture, triceps tendinitis

A

posterior

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89
Q 
lat epicondylitis
LCL injury
capitelum fracture
osteocondral degenerative
osteocondritis dissecans
radial head fracture
A

lateral

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90
Q

inflammation of one of the epicondyles, which includes both the periosteum and the tendons

A

epicondylitis

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91
Q

tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis

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92
Q

golfers elbow or throwers elbow

A

medial epicondylitis

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93
Q

inflammation in the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor carpi radialis longus

A

lateral epicondylitis

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94
Q

lateral elbow pain with insidious onset, pain with wrist extension and weakened grip strength

A

lateral epicondylitis

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95
Q

overuse: repetitive grasping with wrist in extension

trauma

A

MOI for lateral epicondylitis

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96
Q

radicular pain into the elbow
neck pain
symptoms with spine compression/extension

A

cervical spondylosis

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97
Q

insidious onset of lateral elbow pain

pain 2-4 cm distal to epicondyle

A

radial tunnel syndrome

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98
Q

insidious onset of lateral elbow pain and weakness

weakness of wrist and finger extensors

A

PIN compression

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99
Q

trauma
weight lifting
clicking or limitation of ROM

A

intra-articular loose bodies

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100
Q

sickle cell anemia, alcohol abuse, HIV, corticosteroids

joint effusion, mechanical symptoms

A

avascular necrosis

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101
Q

adolescent, gymnasts, throwers

joint effusion, mechanical symptoms

A

osteochondritis dessicans

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102
Q

inflammation in the insertion of the flexor carpi radiales and pronator teres

A

medial epicondylitis

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103
Q

medial elbow pain, pain with wrist flexion and pronation

A

medial epicondylitis

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104
Q

pain in the medial aspect of the elbow, edema can also be seen
MOI: excessive valgus stress and hyperextension and overuse

A

little leaguers elbow

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105
Q

elbow flexion
ulna slides
radial head

A

anteriorly, distally and laterally

anteriorly

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106
Q

elbow extension
ulna slides
radial head

A

posteriorly, proximally and medially

posteriorly

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107
Q

arm is held in extension and pronated: pian moving the elbow, the child stops using the arm and can not flex or supinate the forearm. minimal swelling could be seen
lack of accuracy locallizing the injury. can often lead to thinking that the injury is elsewhere

A

subluxation of the radial head

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108
Q

a sudden pull on the extended pronated arm
pulling and uncooperative child
swinging the child by the arms

A

subluxation of the radial head

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109
Q

a joint condition in which a piece of cartilage, along with a thin layer of the bone beneath it, comes loose from the end of a bone
pain/swelling lat/ant
limited ROM
clicking, locking

A

osteochondritis dissecans

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110
Q

MOI for osteochondritis dissecans

A

repetitive trauma

radiohumeral lateral compression forces

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111
Q

FOOSH wrist extended

A

radius fx

112
Q

FOOSH wrist extended >80 degrees

A

carpal fx

113
Q

FOOSH wrist ext with radial deviation

A

scaphoid fx

114
Q

FOOSH wrist flexion

A

radius or ulnar fx

115
Q

fracture of distal radius with dorsal displacement

A

colles fx (dinner fork deformity)

116
Q

MOI for colles fx

A

extension and compression

117
Q

fx of distal radius with volar displcement

A

smiths fx

118
Q

MOI for smiths fx

A

flexion and compression

119
Q

MOI scaphoid fx

A

fall with ext and RD

120
Q

pain in anatomical snuffbox
painful/limited wrist movement
painful compression/load

A

scaphoid fx

121
Q

fx of neck of 5th MC

A

boxers fx

122
Q

MOI for boxers fx

A

boxing or punching

123
Q

avulsion of extensor tendon from DIP

A

mallet finger

124
Q

MOI for mallet finger

A

direct force causing forced flexion

125
Q

fall or trauma
localized pain, swelling, clicking
pain with extension
positive watsons

A

scaphoid lunate disassociation

126
Q

pt seated, elbow 90 degrees flexed
forearm pronated
passively move from UD to RD while stabilizing scaphoid
+ if increased movement: pain or clunk into dorsal dir.

A

watson’s test

scaphoid shift

127
Q

osteonecrosis/AVN of lunate following a fx
History: FOOSH, compression fx
local tenderness, swelling, limited wrist motion, pain with gripping

A

kienbocks disease

128
Q

median nerve compression in forearm

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

129
Q 
trauma
overused of flexor muscles, posture of hands
pain and paresthesia
numbness
nocturnal pain
hand falling asleep
thenar atrophy
A

carpal tunnel syndrome

130
Q

norm step length

A

72 cm/23 in

131
Q

norm stride length

A

144

132
Q

norm cadence

A

90-120 steps/min

133
Q

norm gait speed

A

1.4 m/sec

134
Q

greatest hip ext and when during giat

A

20 degrees

terminal stance

135
Q

greatest knee flex during gait

A

60 degrees

initial swing

136
Q

greatest ankle DF

A

10 degrees

terminal stance

137
Q

defined as the ability of the structures or segments of the body to move or be moved to allow the presence of range of motion for functional activities

A

mobility

138
Q

the ability to move a single joint or a series of joints smoothly and easily through an unrestricted pain free ROM

A

flexibility

139
Q

decreased mobility or restricted motion. one cause is contractures

A

hypomobility

140
Q

an adaptive shortening of the muscle tendon unit and other soft tissues that cross or surround the joint that results in significant resistance to passive or active stretch and limitation of ROM

A

contracture

141
Q

adaptive muscle shortening with reduction in the number of sarcomeres units in series, individual sarcomere length is also shortened

A

myostatic contracture

142
Q

loss of mobility in the connective tissues that cross or attach to a joint or joint capsule

A

periarticular contracture

143
Q

results from intra-articular pathology (adhesions, synovial proliferation, joint effusion, irregularities in the articular cartilage or osteophyte formation

A

arthrogenic contracture

144
Q

limited ROM due to hypertonicity associated with central nervous system

A

pseudomyostatic contracture

145
Q

the connective tissues are replaced by great amount of non-extensible tissue: fibrotic adhesions, scar tissue, and heterotopic bone

A

fibrotic and irreversible contracture

146
Q

parameters for static stretching

A

30-60 sec 1-3 times

147
Q

parameters for cyclic stretching

A

low velocity/low intensity held between 5-10 sec several times

148
Q

involved in the stabilization of joints by opposing the effects of gravity. become tight and then weak

A

antigravity muscles

149
Q

locomotion susceptible to atrophy and then weakness

A

muscles assisted by gravity

150
Q

posterior muscular chain

A

erector spinae
deep plevic trochanter muscles
hamstrings
triceps surae

151
Q

anterior muscular chain

A 
sternocleidomastoid and scalenes
anterior fascial tissues of the thoracic spine
diaphragm
psoas
adductors
soleus muscles
152
Q

hip ER muscles

A 
piriformis
superior gemellus
inferior gemellus
obturator internus
obturator externus
quadratus femoris
gluteus maximus
gluteus medius and minimus
153
Q

hip IR muscles

A 
piriformis
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
adductors
pectineus
tensor fascia latae
glut med and min
154
Q

increase joint reaction force
muscles in mechanical disadvantage
modify angle at knee joint

A

coxa valga

155
Q

decrease joint reaction force
increase the shear forces on the femoral head and neck
damage at the epiphyseal plate

A

coxa vara

156
Q

normal axis of femoral head

A

8-15 degrees of anteversion

157
Q

most likely diagnosis for hip in older population

A

hip osteoarthritis

158
Q

most likely diagnosis for hip in women

A

slap lesion

trochanter bursitis

159
Q

most likely diagnosis for hip in children

A

legg-calve-perthes

160
Q

most likely diagnosis for hip in middle age

A

avascular necrosis

161
Q

most likely diagnosis for hip in athletes

A

labral tear

162
Q

gradual onset anterior thigh/groin pain worsening with weight bearing
limited ROM with pain, especially IR
abnormal FABER test

A

osteoarthritis

163
Q

anteiror hip pain
history of overuse or sports injury
pain with resisted muscle testing
tenderness over specific muscle or tendon

A

Hip flexor muscle strain/tendonitis

164
Q

anterior pain and associated snapping sensation
tenderness with deep palpation over femoral triangle
positive snapping hip manuever
etiology from overused, acute trauma, or rheumatoid arthritis

A

iliopsoas bursitis

165
Q

anterior hip pain
fall or trauma followed by inability to walk
limb externally rotated, abducted and shortened
pain with any movement

A

hip fx (proximal femur)

166
Q

anterior hip pain
history of overuse or osteoporosis
pain with weight bearing activity; antalgic gait
limited ROM

A

stress fx

167
Q

anterior hip pain
morning stiffness or associated systemic symptoms
previous history of inflammatory arthritis
limited ROM and pain with passive motion

A

inflammatory arthritis

168
Q

anterior hip pain
activity related sharp groin/anterior thigh pain, esp upon hip extension
deep clicking felt
positive thomas flexion-extension test

A

acetabular labral tear

169
Q

anterior hip pain
dull ache in groin, thigh, and buttock usually with risk factors (corticosteroid exposure, alcohol abuse)
limited ROM with pain

A

avascular necrosis of femoral head

170
Q

Lateral hip pain
F:M ratio 4:1 fourth to sixth decade
spontaneous, insidious onset lateral hip pain
point tenderness over greater trochanter

A

greater trochanteric bursitis

171
Q

Lateral hip pain
pain with resisted hip abduction
tender over gluteus medius
trendelenburg test

A

gluteus medius muscle dysfunction

172
Q

Lateral hip pain
lateral hip pain or snapping associated with walking, jogging or cycling
positive obers

A

iliotibial band syndrome

173
Q

posterior hip pain
history of low back pain
pain reproduced with isolated lumbar flexion or extension
radicular symptoms or history consistent with spinal stenosis

A

Referred pain from lumbar spine

174
Q

Lateral hip pain
controversial diagnosis
posterior hip or buttocks pain usually in runners
pelvic asymmetry found on exam

A

SI joint dysfunction

175
Q

Lateral hip pain
history of overuse or acute injury
pain with resisted muscle testing
tender over gluteal muscles

A

hip extensor or rotator muscle strain

176
Q

a slowly progressive joint disease typically seen in middle aged to elderly people. the degenerative changes of this include articular cartilage break down and loss, capsular fibrosis, and osteophyte formation on the joints margins

A

hip osteoarthritis

177
Q

MOI for hip OA

A 
aging process
joint trauma
repetitive abnormal stress
obesity
systemic diseases
178
Q

inclusion criteria for hip OA

A

hip pain AND hip IR _ 15 degrees AND pain on hip IR AND morning stiffness _ 50

179
Q

insidious onset of pain in anterolateral hip and groin region; decreased ROM
AG factors:
standing, walking or sitting for too long
squatting
active hip flexion causing lateral hip pain
scour test with adduction causing lateral hip or groin pain
active hip extension causing pain
possible gait alterations

A

Hip OA

180
Q

doubtful narrowing of joint space and possible osteopytic lipping

A

grade 1 OA

181
Q

definite osteophytes, definite narrowing of the joint space

A

grade 2 OA

182
Q

moderate multiple osteophytes, definite narrowing of joint space, some sclerosis and possible deformity of contour

A

grade 3 OA

183
Q

large osteophytes, markes narrowing of joint space, severe sclerosis and definite deformity of bone contour

A

grade 4 OA

184
Q

education for OA

A

lose weight

185
Q

a tear of the acetabular labrum resulted from excessive forces at the hip joint

A

labral tear

186
Q

pain is usually anterior/groin and can also have clicking, catching, giving way and stiffness
patients are often seen by multiple health care providers before obtaining a definitive diagnosis

A

labral tear

187
Q

MOI for labral tear

A 
MVA
sporting activities
forced movements: torsional or twisting, hyperabdution/extention and hyperextension with lateral rotation
repetitive microtrauma
hip dysplasia
188
Q

tests for OA

A

FABER
scour
resisted SLR
Flex-Add-IR

189
Q

education for OA

A

limited weight bearing, avoid pivoting motions under load and excessive extension, be careful walking on treadmil

190
Q

chronic, intermittent pain accompanied by tenderness to palpation overlying the lateral aspect of the hip
may be associated to tendinitis, muscle tears, trigger points, IT band disorders

A

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome

191
Q

MOI for Greater trochanteric pain syndrome

A 
chronic microtrauma
regional muscle dysfunction
overuse
acute injury
obesity
muscle fatigue
192
Q 
persistent pain in the lateral hip and or buttock
AGG factors:
lying on affected side
prolonged standing
transitioning to standing position
sitting with the affected leg crossed
climbing stairs
running or other high impact activities
A

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome

193
Q

education for Greater trochanteric pain syndrome

A

ice, avoid MOI, avoid laying on hard surfaces, lose weight

194
Q

most common knee diagnosis for adolescents

A

epiphysitis

195
Q

most common knee diagnosis for young adults

A

femoral condyle defects
meniscus
lig injuries

196
Q

most common knee diagnosis for middle aged population

A

tendinopathies
articular surface damage
osteoarthritis

197
Q

most common knee diagnosis for older population

A

osteoarthritis

198
Q

most common knee diagnosis for women

A

PF symdrome

199
Q

most common knee diagnosis for athletes

A

meniscus

lig injuries

200
Q

locking in the tib fem

A

loose body or meniscus

difficulty with extension

201
Q

locking in the tib fem

A

loose body

difficulty with flexion

202
Q

giving way of buckling in the tib fem

A

ligament

meniscal injury

203
Q

giving way or buckling in the pat fem

A

patellar tracking problem

204
Q 
sports trauma, cause unknown
pain, swelling, catching
focal tenderness
joint effusion
limited ROM
pain with weight bearing
A

femoral condyle injury

205
Q

MOI for meniscus injury

A

trauma: compression and rotation
flex+rotation or ext+ rotation during WB
sudden acceleration or deceleration combined with a change in direction
Degenerative

206
Q

knee pain and limited motion
locking, giving out
limited extension, hard end feel
joint line palpation

A

meniscus injury

207
Q

ACL prevents

A

ant translation of tibia in NWB and guides tibial rotation

208
Q

ACL MOI

A

hyperextension with ant translation

209
Q

PCL MOI

A

hyperflexion with posterior translation

210
Q

MCL MOI

A

valgus stress

211
Q

LCL MOI

A

varus stress

212
Q

ACL +med meniscus MOI

A

hyperextension with rot

213
Q

ACL+med meniscus+ MCL MOI

A

ext, valgus with rotation

214
Q 
knee giving out
pain, edema, joint stiffness
immediate dysfunction
inability to walk unassisted
lack of quad control
A

ACL injury

215
Q

should OKC ext exercises be performed for ACL rehab?

A

initially NO!!

216
Q

dashboard injury causing forceful posterior translation of tibia

A

PCL injury

217
Q

restrains valgus and lateral rotation of the tivia

A

MCL

218
Q

restrains varus and medial rotation of tibia

A

LCL

219
Q

increased Q angle, patella alta, pes planus
muscle weakness: hip abductors, quads
flexibility: tight ITB or lat retinaculum
motor control: poor muscle control during sports or training errors

A

PF pain syndrome

220
Q

anterior/lateral knee pain/ retro-patellar pain
duss ache
clicking or popping
knee giving out
Agg: walking, stair climbing, kneeling, squatting or sit to stand

A

PF pain syndrome

221
Q

training for PFJ OCK performed at

A

90-45 degrees

222
Q

training for PFJ CKC performed at

A

0-45 degrees

223
Q

pain over the posterior aspect of the patellar tendon
mild stiffness in am or after prolonged sitting
pain worsens with activities
AGG: jumping, landing: severely limits and athletic career
palpation or proximal patellar tendon
tissue thickness with palpation

A

Patellar tendinopathy

224
Q

subtalar joint anteriorly

A

convex talus

concave calcaneus

225
Q

subtalar joint posteriorly

A

concave talus

convex calcaneus

226
Q

subtalar joint roll and glide are in the

A

opposite direction

227
Q

common ankle injuries for adults

A 
achilles tendonitis/tendinosis, 
plantar fascitis,
ligamentous sprains
rheumatoid arthritis
gout
228
Q

common ankle injuries for children and adolescents

A

osteochondritis dissecans of the talus
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
epiphyseal fractures

229
Q

excessive load on a supinated ankle. rolling the foot inward

A

inversion sprains

230
Q

excessive load on a pronated ankle. Rolling the foot outward

A

eversion sprains

231
Q
A

grade 1 ankle sprain

232
Q

26-75% tearing, moderate pain and swelling, loss of ROM and slight instability. patient may only manage partial weight bearing with crutches. loss of anywhere from 2-6 weeks of activity

A

grade 2 ankle sprain

233
Q

total disruption of the ligament, severe pain and swelling, loss of ROM and instability present. patient will typically not be able to weight bear. loss of as few as 4 weeks to as many as 26 weeks from full activity

A

grade 3 ankle sprain

234
Q

heel strike and weight acceptance with excessive pronation. increased tibial internal rotation/delayed tibial external rotation

A

rearfoot varus

235
Q

excessive mobility in midstance and propulsion (decreased supination)

A

forefoot varus

236
Q

compensation of equinus

A

increase pronation

knee hyperextension

237
Q

presents itself as a sharp short pain between the toes at or about the met heads
primary symptom is pain at the end of one or more of the metatarsal bones. typically aggravated when walking or running
most often pain comes on over a period of several months rather than suddenly

A

metatarsalgia

238
Q

pain along the back of your foot and above your heel, especially with stretching your ankle or standing on your toes; with this, pain my be mild and worsen gradually.
tenderness
swelling
stiffness
difficulty flexing your foot or pointing your toes

A

achilles tendonitis

239
Q 
D1 UE flexion
scapula
shoulder
forearm
wrist
fingers
A 
elevation, protraction
flexion, adduction, ER
supination
flexion
flexion
240
Q 
D1 UE extension
scapula
shoulder
forearm
wrist
fingers
A 
depression, retraction
extension, abduction, IR
pronation
extension
extension
241
Q 
D2 flexion UE
scapula
shoulder
forearm
wrist
fingers
A 
elevation, retraction
flexion, abduction, ER
supination
extension
extension
242
Q 
D2 extension UE
scapula
shoulder
forearm
wrist
fingers
A 
depression, protraction
extension, adduction, IR
pronation
flexion
flexion
243
Q 
D1 LE flexion
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Toes
A

Flexion, Adduction, ER
Either
DF, inversion
DF

244
Q 
D1 LE extension
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Toes
A

Extension, Abduction, IR
Either
PF, eversion
PF

245
Q 
D2 LE flexion
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Toes
A

Flexion, abduction, IR
Either
DF, Eversion
DF

246
Q 
D2 LE extension
Hip
Knee
Ankle
Toes
A

Extension, adduction, ER
either
PF, inversion
PF

247
Q

take muscle to point of limitation
end-range isometric contraction into direction of stretch (contraction of antagonist muscles)
relax and passively move limb to new range
useful if tight muscle is painful to contract

A

Hold relax

248
Q

take muscle to point of limitation
end-range contraction with rotation into opposite direction of stretch (contraction of agonist/tight muscles)
relax and passively move limb to new range

A

contract relax

249
Q

a low severity injury that typically leads to complete recovery. the structure of the nerve remains intact but electrical conduction down the axon is interrupted, typically by ischemia or compression injury, additionally secondary injuries can be caused by vascular damage leading to intrafascicular edema

A

neurapraxia

250
Q

disruption of the neuronal axon takes place but the myelin sheath is still intact. Typically this is caused by a crush based injury, and not a laceration. If the neuronal tubules are maintained in place, regeneration and restoration of sensory or motor ability my return

A

Axonotmesis

251
Q

characterized by not only loss of nerve conduction, but damage to surrounding nerve trunk connective tissue. in extreme cases of this injury category complete transection occurs. commonly a neuroma forms over the proximal stump of the nerve, preventing normal continued regeneration to occur

A

Neurotmesis

252
Q

never affected in thoracic outlet syndrome

A

brachial plexus

253
Q

never affected in cubital tunnel syndrome

A

ulnar nerve

254
Q

never affected in radial nerve compression

A

radial nerve

255
Q

never affected in carpal tunnel syndrome

A

medial nerve

256
Q

never affected in tunnel of guyon

A

ulnar nerve

257
Q

never affected in piriformis syndrome

A

sciatic nerve

258
Q

never affected in peroneal nerve compression

A

peroneal

259
Q

never affected in tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

tibial nerve

260
Q

shoulder depression and lateral flexion of the neck
loss of shoulder abduction, ER weakness of the arm flexion and forearm supination
waiters tip position

A

upper plexus injury

C5,6

261
Q

compression of cervical rib or stretching the arm overhead

paralysis of the intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Lower plexus injury

C8. T1

262
Q

brachial plexus pain paresthesia, numbness, weakness. nerve tension when the plexus is stretched

A

TOS

263
Q

MOI for axillary nerve (C5, 6)

A

acute dislocation

fractures of the humerus’s neck

264
Q

squared shoulder from deltoid muscle atrophy
shoulder abd, ER weakness
sensory lateral deltoid

A

axillary nerve

C5,6

265
Q

atrophy along the flexor surface of the upper arm (flatness)
weakness of the elbow flexion with forearm supinated
sensory: radial side of forearm

A

musculocutaneous N.

C5-7

266
Q

MOI for median nerve (C6-8, T1)

A

impingement in hypertrophied pronator teres

carpal tunnel syndrome

267
Q

burning, tingling, or itching numbness in the palm of the hand and the fingers, especially the thumb and the index and middle fingers
Palsy: ape hand with atrophy in the thenar eminence
no arm pronation, weak grip, no thumb abduction and opposition
sensory: thenar region

A

median nerve C6-8,T1

268
Q

MOI for ulnar nerve (C8,T1)

A

cubital tunnel syndrome

compression in the guyons canal

269
Q

pain, numbness and or tingling int he ring and little fingers
partial claw with atrophy between the metacarpals and hypothenar region
loss of use of 4th and 5th digits for spherical and cylindrical power grip
thumb for adduction finger abduction and adduction are lost
sensory: hypothenar region

A

Ulnar nerve

C8, T1

270
Q

MOI for radial nerve

C5-8, T1

A

Crutch palsy, saturday night palsy (compression site radial sulcus)
posterior interosseious nerve syndrome PINS
compression sites: radial head, ECRB and supinator

271
Q

pain and tenderness in the proximal forearm, finger extension weakness
numbness should not be present

A

PINS

272
Q

wrist drop
high lesions affecting the triceps, can not push, weak supination
unable to make fist or grip objects unless wrist is stabilized in extension
sensory: posterior arm, forearm, and hand radial side

A

radial nerve palsy

C5-8, T1

273
Q

pain radiating to posterior thigh and leg; atrophy posterior thigh, leg and foot; calf atrophy
weak knee flexion, loss of ankle and foot control affecting all phases of gait
sensory: lateral, posterior leg. lateral, posterior lower leg and plantar part of the foot

A

sciatic nerve

L4,5, S1-3

274
Q

MOI for common peroneal nerve deep and superficial

L4-S2

A

compression from crossing legs, fracture at head/neck of fibula

275
Q

deep- foot drop
superficial - eversion weakness
gait impairment during the loading response with foot slap, excessive hip flexion to clear the toes
sensory: anterior- lateral of lower leg and dorsal part of the foot

A

common peroneal nerve (deep and superficial)

L4-S2

276
Q

MOI for tibial nerve L4-S3

A

tarsal tunnel syndrom

compression site: between medial malleolus and flexor retinaculum

277
Q

sensory: tingling, burning, or a sensation similar to an electical shock, numbness, pain, including shooting pain felt on the inside of the ankle and/or on the bottom of the foot
inability to plantar flex ankle or flex the toes
gait impairment during terminal stance

A

tibial nerve

L4-S3

Comp 1 (17 decks)

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