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Pharma Drugs Flashcards

Name What they Do How they create a change Agonist or Antagonist

1
Q

Hemicholinium

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Inhibits choline uptake by being a competitive inhibitor
Not taken up itself

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2
Q

Triethylcholine

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Inhibits choline uptake by being a comp. inhibitor
Taken up, acetylated and released as a false transmitter

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3
Q

Vesamicol

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Inhibits ACh into vesicles
Blocks ACh storage transporter

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4
Q

Botulinum Toxin

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Contains peptidases that cleave proteins involved in exocytosis

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5
Q

Function of Botox

A

Cosmetic Purpose : Relaxes skeletal muscle
Painful neck spasms, Excessive blinking and Crossed eyes due to excessive contraction
Excessive sweating, Overactive bladder due to excessive autonomic innervation
Frequent and Severe migraines due to excessive release of neurotransmitter

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6
Q

Beta Bungarotoxin

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Contains phospholipase that cleaves proteins involved in exocytosis

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Short Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Diagnoses MG

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8
Q

Neostigmine

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Medium Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Treats MG

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9
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Medium Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Treats MG

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10
Q

Physostigmine

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Medium Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Treats glaucoma

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11
Q

Dyflos

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Irreversible Anti - cholinesterase
Treats Glaucoma

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12
Q

Parathion

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Irreversible Anti - cholinesterase
Treats Glaucoma

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13
Q

Ecothiopate

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Irreversible Anti - cholinesterase
Treats Glaucoma

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14
Q

Sarin

A

Irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor

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15
Q

Bethanecol

A

Muscarinic Agonist
Treats Bladder and Gut Hypotonia
Via M3 receptors
Not cleaved by cholinesterase

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16
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Muscarinic Agonist
Treats Glaucoma
Not cleaved by cholinesterase

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17
Q

Atropine

A 
Muscarinic Antagonist 
Derived from nightshade 
- ↓ secretion in anaesthesia 
- GI hyper motility 
- Bradycardia 
- Anticholinesterase poisoning 
Side effects : 
- Urinary retention 
- Blurred vision
- Dry mouth
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18
Q

Hyoscine ( Scopolamine )

A 
Muscarinic Antagonist 
- ↓ secretion in anaesthesia 
- GI hyper motility 
- Bradycardia 
- Anticholinesterase inhibitor 
- Motion Sickness
Side effects : 
- Dry mouth 
- Blurred Vision 
- Urinary Retention 
- Sedation
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19
Q

Ipratropium

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Used as a bronchodilator

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20
Q

Pirenzepine

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Treats peptic ulcer by inhibiting M1

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21
Q

Suxamethonium

A

Nicotinic Agonist
Used as muscle relaxant
Acts as a NMJ blocker, causes Na+ channels to become refractory

22
Q

Tubocurarine

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Used in arrow poison
Rarely used as a muscle relaxant

23
Q

Pancaronium

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Synthetic derivative of Tubocurarine
Used as a muscle relaxant

24
Q

Atacurium

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Synthetic derivative of Tubocurarine
Used as a muscle relaxant

25
Vecuronium
Nicotinic Antagonist Neuromuscular Blocker Synthetic derivative of Tubocurarine Used as a muscle relaxant
26
Trimetaphan
``` Nicotinic Antagonist Ganglion Blocking Drug - Decreases Blood Pressure - Causes Postural Hypotension - Causes Post Exercise Hypotension ```
27
Alpha - methyl tyrosine
Adrenergic Antagonist Inhibits NA synthesis Inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase Treats Phaechromocytoma
28
Carbidopa
Adrenergic Antagonist Inhibits NA synthesis Inhibits Dopa Decarboxylase Treats Parkinson's ( helps prevent excessive catecholamine production in the periphery )
29
Methyldopa
Adrenergic Antagonist Decreases NA availability Taken up by noradrenergic neuron, becomes false neurotransmitter ( alpha methylnoradrenaline ) Treats hypertension in pregnancy
30
Reserpine
``` Adrenergic Antagonist Blocks NA storage Blocks movement of NA into vesicles hence NA will be metabolised Treats hypertension Side effects : Depression ```
31
Guanethidine
``` Adrenergic Drug Blocks NA release Treats hypertension Side Effects : - Postural Hypotension - Diarrhoea - Nasal Congestion ```
32
Desipramine
``` Adrenergic Drug Blocks NA reuptake via Uptake 1 Antidepressants - Increases sympathetic activity - Increases levels of circulating of NA ```
33
Imipramine
``` Adrenergic Drug Blocks NA reuptake Antidepressants - Increases sympathetic activity - Increases levels of circulating of NA ```
34
Cocaine
Adrenergic Drug Blocks NA reuptake - Increases sympathetic activity - Increases levels of circulating of NA
35
Selegiline
Adrenergic Drug Blocks NA metabolism Inhibits MAO hence inhibits metabolism of dopamine Treats Parkinson's
36
Moclobemide
Adrenergic Drug Blocks NA metabolism Inhibits MAO Antidepressants
37
Amphetamine
``` Adrenergic Agonist Indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine Treats ADHD and Narcolepsy Stimulate brain and is a drug of abuse ( speed ) Side Effects : - Increase HR - Increase BP - Constipation ```
38
Tyramine
Adrenergic Drug Indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine - Found in fermented meats, cheese, beers, Marmite etc. - Is usually broken down by MAO so that it doesn't reach circulation - When you're on MAO inhibitor, tyramine accumulates in blood stream causing Cheese Reactions Side Effects : - Potentially Fatal Hypertensive Crisis - Severe Throbbing Headaches - Intracranial Haemorrhage
39
Salbutamol
Adrenergic Agonist Acts on bronchial smooth muscle via Beta 2 receptors Treats asthma
40
Salmeterol
Adrenergic Agonist Acts on bronchial smooth muscle via Beta 2 receptors Treats Asthma
41
Terbutamine
Adrenergic Agonist Acts on bronchial smooth muscle via Beta 2 receptors Treats Asthma
42
Adrenaline
Adrenergic Agonist Acts on heart via Beta 1 receptors Treats Cardiac Arrest Also used to treat anaphylactic shock
43
Dobutamine
Adrenergic Agonist Acts on heart via Beta 1 receptors Treats cardiogenic shock
44
Clenbuterol
Adrenergic Agonist Acts on Skeletal Muscle via Beta 2 receptors Increases muscle strength by initiating tremor
45
Prazocsin
Adrenergic Antagonist Selective alpha adrenoreceptor Treats hypertension
46
Doxazosin
Adrenergic Antagonist Selective alpha adrenoreceptor Treats hypertension
47
Terazocsin
Adrenergic Antagonist Selective alpha adrenoreceptor Treats hypertension
48
Propanolol
``` Adrenergic Antagonist Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor Treats: - Hypertension - Angina Pectaris - Cardiac Arrythmia Side Effects : - Bronchoconstriction - Bradycardia - Cold Extremities - Cardiac Failure ```
49
Alprenolol
``` Adrenergic Antagonist Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor Treats: - Hypertension - Angina Pectaris - Cardiac Arrythmia Side Effects : - Bronchoconstriction - Bradycardia - Cold Extremities - Cardiac Failure ```
50
Oxprenolol
``` Adrenergic Antagonist Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor Treats: - Hypertension - Angina Pectaris - Cardiac Arrythmia Side Effects : - Bronchoconstriction - Bradycardia - Cold Extremities - Cardiac Failure ```
51
Atenolol
``` Adrenergic Antagonist Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor Treats: - Hypertension - Angina Pectaris - Cardiac Arrythmia Side Effects : - Bronchoconstriction - Bradycardia - Cold Extremities - Cardiac Failure ```

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