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Sem 1 2MB3 > Pharma Drugs > Flashcards

Pharma Drugs Flashcards

Name What they Do How they create a change Agonist or Antagonist

1
Q

Hemicholinium

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Inhibits choline uptake by being a competitive inhibitor
Not taken up itself

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2
Q

Triethylcholine

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Inhibits choline uptake by being a comp. inhibitor
Taken up, acetylated and released as a false transmitter

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3
Q

Vesamicol

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Inhibits ACh into vesicles
Blocks ACh storage transporter

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4
Q

Botulinum Toxin

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Contains peptidases that cleave proteins involved in exocytosis

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5
Q

Function of Botox

A

Cosmetic Purpose : Relaxes skeletal muscle
Painful neck spasms, Excessive blinking and Crossed eyes due to excessive contraction
Excessive sweating, Overactive bladder due to excessive autonomic innervation
Frequent and Severe migraines due to excessive release of neurotransmitter

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6
Q

Beta Bungarotoxin

A

Cholinergic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Contains phospholipase that cleaves proteins involved in exocytosis

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Short Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Diagnoses MG

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8
Q

Neostigmine

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Medium Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Treats MG

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9
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Medium Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Treats MG

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10
Q

Physostigmine

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Medium Duration Anti - cholinesterase
Treats glaucoma

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11
Q

Dyflos

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Irreversible Anti - cholinesterase
Treats Glaucoma

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12
Q

Parathion

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Irreversible Anti - cholinesterase
Treats Glaucoma

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13
Q

Ecothiopate

A

Cholinergic Agonist
Irreversible Anti - cholinesterase
Treats Glaucoma

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14
Q

Sarin

A

Irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor

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15
Q

Bethanecol

A

Muscarinic Agonist
Treats Bladder and Gut Hypotonia
Via M3 receptors
Not cleaved by cholinesterase

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16
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Muscarinic Agonist
Treats Glaucoma
Not cleaved by cholinesterase

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17
Q

Atropine

A 
Muscarinic Antagonist 
Derived from nightshade 
- ↓ secretion in anaesthesia 
- GI hyper motility 
- Bradycardia 
- Anticholinesterase poisoning 
Side effects : 
- Urinary retention 
- Blurred vision
- Dry mouth
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18
Q

Hyoscine ( Scopolamine )

A 
Muscarinic Antagonist 
- ↓ secretion in anaesthesia 
- GI hyper motility 
- Bradycardia 
- Anticholinesterase inhibitor 
- Motion Sickness
Side effects : 
- Dry mouth 
- Blurred Vision 
- Urinary Retention 
- Sedation
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19
Q

Ipratropium

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Used as a bronchodilator

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20
Q

Pirenzepine

A

Muscarinic Antagonist

Treats peptic ulcer by inhibiting M1

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21
Q

Suxamethonium

A

Nicotinic Agonist
Used as muscle relaxant
Acts as a NMJ blocker, causes Na+ channels to become refractory

22
Q

Tubocurarine

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Used in arrow poison
Rarely used as a muscle relaxant

23
Q

Pancaronium

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Synthetic derivative of Tubocurarine
Used as a muscle relaxant

24
Q

Atacurium

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Synthetic derivative of Tubocurarine
Used as a muscle relaxant

25
Q

Vecuronium

A

Nicotinic Antagonist
Neuromuscular Blocker
Synthetic derivative of Tubocurarine
Used as a muscle relaxant

26
Q

Trimetaphan

A 
Nicotinic Antagonist 
Ganglion Blocking Drug 
- Decreases Blood Pressure
- Causes Postural Hypotension 
- Causes Post Exercise Hypotension
27
Q

Alpha - methyl tyrosine

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
Inhibits NA synthesis
Inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase
Treats Phaechromocytoma

28
Q

Carbidopa

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
Inhibits NA synthesis
Inhibits Dopa Decarboxylase
Treats Parkinson’s ( helps prevent excessive catecholamine production in the periphery )

29
Q

Methyldopa

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
Decreases NA availability
Taken up by noradrenergic neuron, becomes false neurotransmitter ( alpha methylnoradrenaline )
Treats hypertension in pregnancy

30
Q

Reserpine

A 
Adrenergic Antagonist 
Blocks NA storage 
Blocks movement of NA into vesicles hence NA will be metabolised 
Treats hypertension 
Side effects : Depression
31
Q

Guanethidine

A 
Adrenergic Drug
Blocks NA release 
Treats hypertension
Side Effects : 
- Postural Hypotension 
- Diarrhoea
- Nasal Congestion
32
Q

Desipramine

A 
Adrenergic Drug 
Blocks NA reuptake via Uptake 1
Antidepressants 
- Increases sympathetic activity 
- Increases levels of circulating of NA
33
Q

Imipramine

A 
Adrenergic Drug 
Blocks NA reuptake 
Antidepressants 
- Increases sympathetic activity 
- Increases levels of circulating of NA
34
Q

Cocaine

A

Adrenergic Drug
Blocks NA reuptake
- Increases sympathetic activity
- Increases levels of circulating of NA

35
Q

Selegiline

A

Adrenergic Drug
Blocks NA metabolism
Inhibits MAO hence inhibits metabolism of dopamine
Treats Parkinson’s

36
Q

Moclobemide

A

Adrenergic Drug
Blocks NA metabolism
Inhibits MAO
Antidepressants

37
Q

Amphetamine

A 
Adrenergic Agonist
Indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine 
Treats ADHD and Narcolepsy 
Stimulate brain and is a drug of abuse ( speed ) 
Side Effects : 
- Increase HR 
- Increase BP 
- Constipation
38
Q

Tyramine

A

Adrenergic Drug
Indirectly acting sympathomimetic amine
- Found in fermented meats, cheese, beers, Marmite etc.
- Is usually broken down by MAO so that it doesn’t reach circulation
- When you’re on MAO inhibitor, tyramine accumulates in blood stream causing Cheese Reactions
Side Effects :
- Potentially Fatal Hypertensive Crisis
- Severe Throbbing Headaches
- Intracranial Haemorrhage

39
Q

Salbutamol

A

Adrenergic Agonist
Acts on bronchial smooth muscle via Beta 2 receptors
Treats asthma

40
Q

Salmeterol

A

Adrenergic Agonist
Acts on bronchial smooth muscle via Beta 2 receptors
Treats Asthma

41
Q

Terbutamine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
Acts on bronchial smooth muscle via Beta 2 receptors
Treats Asthma

42
Q

Adrenaline

A

Adrenergic Agonist
Acts on heart via Beta 1 receptors
Treats Cardiac Arrest
Also used to treat anaphylactic shock

43
Q

Dobutamine

A

Adrenergic Agonist
Acts on heart via Beta 1 receptors
Treats cardiogenic shock

44
Q

Clenbuterol

A

Adrenergic Agonist
Acts on Skeletal Muscle via Beta 2 receptors
Increases muscle strength by initiating tremor

45
Q

Prazocsin

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
Selective alpha adrenoreceptor
Treats hypertension

46
Q

Doxazosin

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
Selective alpha adrenoreceptor
Treats hypertension

47
Q

Terazocsin

A

Adrenergic Antagonist
Selective alpha adrenoreceptor
Treats hypertension

48
Q

Propanolol

A 
Adrenergic Antagonist 
Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor 
Treats: 
- Hypertension 
- Angina Pectaris 
- Cardiac Arrythmia
Side Effects : 
- Bronchoconstriction
- Bradycardia
- Cold Extremities 
- Cardiac Failure
49
Q

Alprenolol

A 
Adrenergic Antagonist 
Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor 
Treats: 
- Hypertension 
- Angina Pectaris 
- Cardiac Arrythmia
Side Effects : 
- Bronchoconstriction
- Bradycardia
- Cold Extremities 
- Cardiac Failure
50
Q

Oxprenolol

A 
Adrenergic Antagonist 
Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor 
Treats: 
- Hypertension 
- Angina Pectaris 
- Cardiac Arrythmia
Side Effects : 
- Bronchoconstriction
- Bradycardia
- Cold Extremities 
- Cardiac Failure
51
Q

Atenolol

A 
Adrenergic Antagonist 
Non Selective Beta Adrenoreceptor 
Treats: 
- Hypertension 
- Angina Pectaris 
- Cardiac Arrythmia
Side Effects : 
- Bronchoconstriction
- Bradycardia
- Cold Extremities 
- Cardiac Failure

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