Brainstem

Question 1

What makes up the brainstem ( 3 )

Answer 1

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

Question 2

Rostrally what is it continuous with

Answer 2

The diencephalon

Question 3

What is the role of the brainstem ( 3 )

Answer 3

Basic Attention
Arousal
Consciousness

Question 4

In the superior colliculi, you can find the ( visual / auditory centre )

Answer 4

Visual

Question 5

The cerebral peduncles are divided by the substantial migrant into two structures and they are

Answer 5

Crus cerebri ( ant ) 
Tegmentum ( post )

Question 6

What kind of cells line the cerebral aqueduct

Answer 6

Ependymal cells

Question 7

What is the region posterior to the aqueduct

Answer 7

Tectum

Question 8

What kind of afferent fibres do you find in the superior colliculi?

Answer 8

Corticotectal Fibers

Question 9

What and where is the red nucleus

Answer 9

It is a grey matter mass between cerebral aqueduct and Substantia Nigra

Question 10

How does the red nucleus pass its fibres to the spinal cord

What is the red nucleus involved in

Answer 10

Via the rubrospinal tract

Involved in motor control

Question 11

What kind of information does the inferior colliculi receive

Answer 11

It receives auditory information

Question 12

Describe the auditory pathway ( how it starts from afferent auditory fibre to the auditory cortex )

Answer 12

Auditory Afferent 
Inferior Colliculus
Efferent Fibre 
Thalamus
Auditory cortex of Temporal Lobe

Question 13

Where do you find the substantia nigra

What do you find in the substantia nigra

Answer 13

Between the crus cerebri and tegmenjtum

Dopaminergic neurons

Question 14

What makes up the reticular formation?

Answer 14

It is made up of a complex mass of neurons

Question 15

What makes up the rostral RF and what does it do

Answer 15

Rostral RF is made up of the midbrain and upper pons

Acts to maintain alert conscious state

Question 16

What makes up the caudal RF and what does it do

Answer 16

Caudal RF is made up of pons and medulla

Controls motor, reflex and autonomic function

Question 17

What are the 3 longitudinal columns that makes up the RF

Answer 17

Median Raphe Nuclei
Paramedian RF
Lateral RF

Question 18

What does the Raphe Nuclei do

Answer 18

Sleep Regulation

Question 19

Where does the RF extend from and what does it go through

Answer 19

Extends from spinal cord

Goes through medulla, pons, midbrain and diencephalon

Question 20

What does the pons do

Answer 20

It is involved in the control of respiration

Question 21

What kind of centers do you find in the medulla oblongata

Answer 21

Cardiovascular centres ( Cardiac and Vasomotor ) 
Respiratory rhythmicity centers

Question 22

With respect to the 4th ventricle,
What forms the upper half of it
What forms the lower half of it
What forms the roof

Answer 22

Upper half : Pons
Lower half : Medulla
Roof : Superior Medullary Velum

Question 23

What supplies the Midbrain

Answer 23

Post Cerebral Artery

Post Communicating Artery

Question 24

What supplies the Pons

Answer 24

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

Superior Cerebellar Artery

Question 25

What supplies the Medulla

Answer 25

Post Inf Cerebellar Artery

Anterior and Posterior Spinal Arteries

Question 26

Do most corticospinal fibers cross median plane and continue down spinal cord as anterior or lateral corticosinal tract ?

Answer 26

Continues as lateral corticospinal tracts