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Sem 1 2MB3 > Basal Ganglia ( Dara Cannon ) > Flashcards

Basal Ganglia ( Dara Cannon ) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Basal Ganglia involved in

A

Control of movement

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2
Q

What is involved in the disorder of BG

A

Abnormal motor control, posture and tone

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3
Q

What makes up of the nuclei of BG ( 3 )

A
  • Striatum ( made up of caudate and putamen )
  • Globus Pallidus
  • Amygdala
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4
Q

What are the general connections of the BG

A
  • Cerebral Cortex
  • Thalamus
  • Subthalamic Nucleus
  • Substantia Nigra
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5
Q

What does the nucleus accumbent connect

A

It connects the rostral caudate to the putamen

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6
Q

What does the lateral medullary lamina separate

A

It separates the putamen and the globus pallidus

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7
Q

What does the medial medullary lamina separate

A

Separates GPi and GPe

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8
Q

How is the nucleus accumbens involved in reward and gratification

A

It is the site of action of addictive substances

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9
Q

What are the 5 components of the internal capsule

A
  • ALIC
  • PLIC
  • Retrolenticular
  • Sublenticular
  • Genu
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10
Q

Where do you find the ALIC and what does it connect

A

Found between the caudate and putamen
Connects thalamus to cingulate and pons
Connects thalamus to frontal cortices

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11
Q

Where do you find the genu of IC and what does it connect

What tract does it include

A

Found at the inter ventricular foramen
Connects frontal cortex to pons
Connects thalamus VA and VL to the motor and premotor cortex
Includes corticobulbar tract

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12
Q

Where do you find the PLIC
What does it connect
What tract does it include

A

Between putamen and thalamus
Connects thalamus VA and VL w/ motor and premotor cortex
Connects VPL and VPM to post central gyrus
Contains corticospinal tracts

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13
Q

Where do you find the retrolenticular part of the IC

A

Posterior to the putamen
Contains fiber connecting thalamus to cortex ( optic radiations )
Contains parietal corticopontine fibers

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14
Q

Where do you find the sublenticular part of IC and what is it continuous with

A

Inferior to putamen

Continous w/ retrolenticular fibres and auditory radiations

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15
Q

What are the structures of basal ganglia from medial to lateral

A 
Caudate and Thalamus 
Internal Capsule 
GPi
Medial Medullary Lamina 
GPe 
Lateral Medullary Lamina 
Putamen 
External Capsule 
Clastrum 
Extreme Capsule 
Insular Cortex
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16
Q

Since the stratum is the input portion of the BG, it receives afferents from ( 5 )

A 
Cerebral Cortex 
Thalamus 
Substantia Nigra 
VTA and raphe nuclei 
Striatal Efferents
17
Q

Where do the corticostriatal fibres dominate
Where do the motor fibres go to
Is it excitatory or inhibitory

A

It dominates the frontal and parietal
Motor fibers go to putamen
Excitatory ( Glutamatergic )

18
Q

What kind of fibres do the thalamus possess and where do they originate from

A

Possesses thalamostriatal fibers

Originates from the intralaminar nuclei

19
Q

What kind of projections do the substantia nigra have and where do they originate from

A

They have nigrostriatal projections

The originate from the pars compacta of substantia nigra

20
Q

With respect to VTA and raphe nuclei ;
Where do the dopaminergic input go to
Where do the serotonergic inputs go to

A

Dopaminergic goes to nucleus accumbens

Serotonergic foes to striatum

21
Q

Are striatal efferents excitatory or inhibitory
Where do striopallidal efferents go to
Where do the striatonigral fibres go to

A

Inhibitory due to GABA
Goes to GPi or GPe
Goes to pars reticulate SN

22
Q

What is the output portion of the globus pallidum

A

The globus pallidum

23
Q

Where do the pallidal afferents come form
Are they excitatory or inhibitory
What are the name of the pathways ( 2 )

A
  • Comes from the subthalamic nucleus
  • Excitatory
  • Subthalamonigral and Subthalamopallidal
24
Q

Where do the Pallidal efferents go to

A

GPe goes to Subthalamic Nucleus

GPi and pars reticulata SN goes to brainstem tegmentum ( pedunculopontine ) and thalamus ( pallidothalamic )

Sem 1 2MB3 (14 decks)

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