Cerebellum ( McMahon ) Flashcards
What are the functions of the cerebellum ( 3 )
Maintenance of equilibrium ~ Vestibulocerebellum
Adjusts the postural muscles ~ Spinocerebellum
Programmes and fine tunes movements ~ Cerebrocerebellum
How many lobes does the cerebellum have
3
Anterior
Posterior or Middle
Flocculonodular
How many fissures does the cerebellum have
3
Primary
Posterolateral
Horizontal
What does the horizontal fissure separate
Separates superior from inferior surface
What do you call the folds on the surface of cerebellum
Folia
With regards to the folium, is the outer covering white matter or grey matter
Grey
Name the three intracerebellar nuclei
** intracerebellar nuclei is a grey matter mass embedded in white matter **
Fastigial
Dentate
Interposed ( Emboliform and Globose )
In the dentate nucleus, where does the white matter fibre go to
It leaves dentate to go to superior cerebellar peduncle
What are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex ( Outer to Inner )
ML ~ Molecular Layer
P ~ Middle Purkinje Layer
GL ~ Inner Granular Layer
What neurons are contained in the molecular layer
Outer stellate cell
Inner Basket cell
What neurons can you find in the purkinje cell
Large Golgi type 1 neuron
Where does the dendrites of the purkinje cells branch in ( which layer )
In the molecular Layer
What does the purkinje axons synapse with in the molecular layer
Synapses with dendrites of the basket cells and stellate cells
What does the dendrites of purkinje axons form synaptic contact w
Forms synaptic contact with parallel fibers from granule cells axons
Where are glial cells present?
Molecular layer and granular layer
What fibers send excitatory information to purkinje cells
afferent fibres
Climbing fibers and mossy fibers
Where do climbing fibers pass through and where do they arise from
Passes through granular layer and arises from the inferior olivary nucleus
What does the climbing fibers synapse w
Many synapses w a single purkinje cell
Side branches synapses w stellate and basket cells
Where does the mossy fibre terminate ?
In Granular Layer
Where does the mossy fibre arise from ( 5 )
Vestibular Spinal Cerebral Pontine Reticular
What are the 3 groups of white matter fibers of the cerebellum
Intrinsic : Doesn’t leave cerebellum, connects different regions of cerebellum
Afferent
Efferent
How does the afferent fibre enter the cerebellar cortex
Via Middle and Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles
Where does the efferent fibre of cerebellum end up in?
The deep cerebellar nuclei
Sup Cerebellar Peduncles link
Give eg of pathway that uses this
Cerebellum w nuclei in midbrain
Dento thalamo cortical pathway
Middle Cerebellar Peduncles link
Give eg of pathway that uses this
Cerebellum w pons
Pontocerebellar pathway
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles link
Give eg of pathway that uses this
Cerebellum w medulla
Posterior spinocerebellar tract
A midline lesion in cerebellum is damage to the :
Flocculonodular lobe ( Vestibulocerebellum )
What is the vestibulocerebellum responsible for
What happens if there’s a lesion here
Who can get this disorder
Coordinates paraxial muscles assoc w equilibrium
Truncal Ataxia
Children w tumours
In Ant Lobe Syndrome what part of cerebellum is affected and what does it do
Spinocerebellum pathway affected, helps to maintain coordination of limb movements
Alcoholics would experience what kind of syndrome?
What kind of ataxia would they get and what neurons are damaged
Anterior Lobe Syndrome
Damage to Purkinje Neurons
Gait Ataxia
What happens when your cerebrocerebellum is damaged? ( name the syndrome )
What do you lose ( 3 )
Posterior Lobe Syndrom
Loss of coordination of voluntary movement, intention tremor and decreased muscle tone
What does the cerebrocerebellum do ?
It learns and stores all sequential components of skilled movements
What causes the posterior lobe syndrome ( 3 )
CVA ( cerebrovascular accident ) , Tumor, trauma, degenerative diseases
