Cerebellum ( McMahon )

Question 1

What are the functions of the cerebellum ( 3 )

Answer 1

Maintenance of equilibrium ~ Vestibulocerebellum
Adjusts the postural muscles ~ Spinocerebellum
Programmes and fine tunes movements ~ Cerebrocerebellum

Question 2

How many lobes does the cerebellum have

Answer 2

3
Anterior
Posterior or Middle
Flocculonodular

Question 3

How many fissures does the cerebellum have

Answer 3

3
Primary
Posterolateral
Horizontal

Question 4

What does the horizontal fissure separate

Answer 4

Separates superior from inferior surface

Question 5

What do you call the folds on the surface of cerebellum

Answer 5

Folia

Question 6

With regards to the folium, is the outer covering white matter or grey matter

Answer 6

Grey

Question 7

Name the three intracerebellar nuclei

** intracerebellar nuclei is a grey matter mass embedded in white matter **

Answer 7

Fastigial
Dentate
Interposed ( Emboliform and Globose )

Question 8

In the dentate nucleus, where does the white matter fibre go to

Answer 8

It leaves dentate to go to superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 9

What are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex ( Outer to Inner )

Answer 9

ML ~ Molecular Layer
P ~ Middle Purkinje Layer
GL ~ Inner Granular Layer

Question 10

What neurons are contained in the molecular layer

Answer 10

Outer stellate cell

Inner Basket cell

Question 11

What neurons can you find in the purkinje cell

Answer 11

Large Golgi type 1 neuron

Question 12

Where does the dendrites of the purkinje cells branch in ( which layer )

Answer 12

In the molecular Layer

Question 13

What does the purkinje axons synapse with in the molecular layer

Answer 13

Synapses with dendrites of the basket cells and stellate cells

Question 14

What does the dendrites of purkinje axons form synaptic contact w

Answer 14

Forms synaptic contact with parallel fibers from granule cells axons

Question 15

Where are glial cells present?

Answer 15

Molecular layer and granular layer

Question 16

What fibers send excitatory information to purkinje cells

afferent fibres

Answer 16

Climbing fibers and mossy fibers

Question 17

Where do climbing fibers pass through and where do they arise from

Answer 17

Passes through granular layer and arises from the inferior olivary nucleus

Question 18

What does the climbing fibers synapse w

Answer 18

Many synapses w a single purkinje cell

Side branches synapses w stellate and basket cells

Question 19

Where does the mossy fibre terminate ?

Answer 19

In Granular Layer

Question 20

Where does the mossy fibre arise from ( 5 )

Answer 20

Vestibular 
Spinal 
Cerebral 
Pontine 
Reticular

Question 21

What are the 3 groups of white matter fibers of the cerebellum

Answer 21

Intrinsic : Doesn’t leave cerebellum, connects different regions of cerebellum
Afferent
Efferent

Question 22

How does the afferent fibre enter the cerebellar cortex

Answer 22

Via Middle and Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles

Question 23

Where does the efferent fibre of cerebellum end up in?

Answer 23

The deep cerebellar nuclei

Question 24

Sup Cerebellar Peduncles link

Give eg of pathway that uses this

Answer 24

Cerebellum w nuclei in midbrain

Dento thalamo cortical pathway

Question 25

Middle Cerebellar Peduncles link

Give eg of pathway that uses this

Answer 25

Cerebellum w pons

Pontocerebellar pathway

Question 26

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles link

Give eg of pathway that uses this

Answer 26

Cerebellum w medulla

Posterior spinocerebellar tract

Question 27

A midline lesion in cerebellum is damage to the :

Answer 27

Flocculonodular lobe ( Vestibulocerebellum )

Question 28

What is the vestibulocerebellum responsible for
What happens if there’s a lesion here
Who can get this disorder

Answer 28

Coordinates paraxial muscles assoc w equilibrium
Truncal Ataxia
Children w tumours

Question 29

In Ant Lobe Syndrome what part of cerebellum is affected and what does it do

Answer 29

Spinocerebellum pathway affected, helps to maintain coordination of limb movements

Question 30

Alcoholics would experience what kind of syndrome?

What kind of ataxia would they get and what neurons are damaged

Answer 30

Anterior Lobe Syndrome
Damage to Purkinje Neurons
Gait Ataxia

Question 31

What happens when your cerebrocerebellum is damaged? ( name the syndrome )
What do you lose ( 3 )

Answer 31

Posterior Lobe Syndrom

Loss of coordination of voluntary movement, intention tremor and decreased muscle tone

Question 32

What does the cerebrocerebellum do ?

Answer 32

It learns and stores all sequential components of skilled movements

Question 33

What causes the posterior lobe syndrome ( 3 )

Answer 33

CVA ( cerebrovascular accident ) , Tumor, trauma, degenerative diseases