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Test 8 > Pharm GI > Flashcards

Pharm GI Flashcards

1
Q

Proton pump MOA

A

cAMP

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2
Q

Antacids

A
  • Aluminum Hydroxide - constipation

- Magnesium hydroxide - diarrhea

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3
Q

Antacid interaction with mucosa

A

Protect through stimulation of prostaglandins production

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4
Q

Antacid regime for PUD

A

1-3hr after meals and at bedtime

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5
Q

H2-R antagonist

A

Cimetidine

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6
Q

Cimetidine interaction

A

CYP 450 (warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline)

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7
Q

Cimetidine SE

A
  • CNS confusion (elderly)

- drowsy, fatigue

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8
Q

Antacid & H2 ant. indication

A

-GERD less than 3 times a week

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9
Q

Disorder nothing will work for

A

Non-ulcer dyspepsia

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10
Q

PPI

A

Omeprazole

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11
Q

PPI journey

A

prodrug in intestinal lumen

  • protonated and concentrated in parietal cells canaliculi
  • Active thiophilic sulfonamide
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12
Q

PPI MOA

A

Irreversible (covalent disulfide) block of H/K ATPase

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13
Q

PPI regime

A

1hr before meal

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14
Q

PPI metabolism

A
  • t1/2 1.5hr
  • duration 24hr
  • first pass metabolism
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15
Q

PPI contraindication

A

Severe liver disease only

first-pass metabolism

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16
Q

Recurrence after PPI discontinuation

A

80% within 6 months

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17
Q

Peptic ulcer Tx

A

PPI (6 weeks)

Clarithromycin/Amoxicillin (2 weeks)

18
Q

PPI doesn’t work for

A
  • Nonulcer dyspepsia

- Prevention of stress gastritis

19
Q

PPI SE

A
  • Diarrhea
  • B12 & mineral malabsorption
  • Salmonella, shigella infection
20
Q

-Sucralfate-

A

Sucrose/aluminum hydroxide

-Prevent bleeding in stress-related gastritis

21
Q

-Misoprostol-

A

Prostaglandin E1 analog

  • Increase mucosal blood flow, stimulate good stuff
  • Prevent alcohol & NSAID ulcers
22
Q

-Bismuth Subsalicylate-

A
  • Direct antimicrobial against h.pylori

- Bind enterotoxins

23
Q

-Bismuth-
SE
CI

A
  • Tongue and stool blackening

- CI with renal insufficiency

24
Q

-Metoclopramide-
Class
Indication
MOA

A

Prokinetic
GERD, antinausea (D2), delayed gastric emptying
5HT4 enteric neuron agonist -> Ach release

25
Q

-Metoclopramide-

SE

A

CNS extrapyramidal manifestations (use short term)

26
Q

First line constipation Tx

A

Diet, fluid, fiber, avoid drugs

27
Q

MgO (magnesium oxide)

A

Osmotic laxative for acute constipation

28
Q

-Docusate-

A

Laxative - allow water and lipids to penetrate stool

29
Q

Antidiarrheals

A

Don’t use for bloody diarrhea, high fever, systemic toxicity

30
Q

-Loperamide-

A

Opioid antidiarrheal

  • Doesn’t cross BBB, no abuse
  • Inhibits presynaptic cholinergic nerves
31
Q

-Ocreotide-

A

Antidiarrheal - Somatostatin

  • Inhibit secretory diarrhea
  • Tx VIPoma and carcinoid tumor
32
Q

-Lomotil-

A

Antidiarrheal

-Opiod (diphenoxylate) and atropine

33
Q

-Alosetron-

A

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (severe, second line Tx)

-5-HT3 antagonist

34
Q

-Sulfasalazine-
Indication
MOA
SE

A

Ulcerative Colitis

  • 5-ASA (Aminosalicylic acid)
  • Nausea, bone marrow suppression, hypersensitivity rxn
35
Q

-Azathioprine-

A

Immunosuppressant for IBD
-6-Mercaptopurine
SE: Bone marrow suppression, hypersensitivity

36
Q

-Methotrexate-

A

Crohn’s disease

-SE: Bone marrow suppression

37
Q

Enhance safety of glucocorticoids for IBD

A

Administer folate supplements

38
Q

-Inflimixab-

A

Bind TNF-a (pro TH1 cytokine)

39
Q

-Odansetron-

A

Anti-emetic for chemotherapy

  • 5-HT3 antagonist
  • Doesn’t block D-R
40
Q

-Aripepitant-

A

Anti-emetic for chemotherapy

-NK1 (neurokinin) receptor antagonist

41
Q

-Promethazine-

A

Anti-emetic for migraines

-D2-R antagonist

42
Q

-Droperidol-

A

Anti-emetic for surgery

-D2-R antagonist

Test 8 (21 decks)

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