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Micro 2 Enterics Flashcards

1
Q

Micro for all

A

Fac. anaerobic G- rods

  • All ferment glucose
  • Oxidase negative
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2
Q

Normal flora lactose fermenters

A

Klebsiella

Enterobacter

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3
Q

MacConkey’s gel

A 
Pink = Lactose fermenting
White = non
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4
Q

Non-lactose fermenters

A
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
  • Yersinia
  • Proteus
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5
Q

Antigen serotypes

-O, H, K

A
  • O- lipopolysaccharide
  • H- Flagellar
  • K- Capsular
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6
Q

Acute diarrhea def.

A

<4 weeks

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7
Q

Enterotoxin v Cytotoxin diarrhea

A

Noninflammatory v Inflammatory

Proximal v Distal

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8
Q

Virus of newborns

A

Rotavirus

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9
Q

Parasitic noninflammatory diarrhea

A

Giardia, Cryptosporidium

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10
Q

Enteric fever def.

A

Bacteremia, fever, headache, rash, splenomegaly, inflammatory diarrhea

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11
Q

Enteric fever bacteria

A

Salmonella typhi

Yersinia enterocolitica

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12
Q

Shigella micro

A

G- rod

No capsule, no lactose

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13
Q

Shigella transmission

A

Food handlers

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14
Q

Shigella disease

A

Dysentery if severe

Enterotoxin from all infections (noninflammatory)

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15
Q

Shiga toxin

A
  • S. dysenteriae and EHEC
  • B binds to cell
  • A inhibits protein synthesis (lyse ribosome)
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16
Q

Shigella virulence

A

-Plasmid via type III secretion

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17
Q

Shigella pathogenesis

A

Intracellular growth via endocytosis, invade adjacent cells, host cells turn into mucosal abscess

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18
Q

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

A
  • Hemolytic anemia, Uremia (kidney failure), Thrombocytopenia
  • Caused by Shiga toxin
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19
Q

Shigellosis Dx

A

Stool culture, toxin screen

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20
Q

Shigellosis Tx

A

Fluoroquinolone if severe

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21
Q

Shigella resistance mechanism

A

Plasmid (transfers to/from e.coli)

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22
Q

Salmonella lactose

A

No

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23
Q

Salmonella transmission

24
Q

Salmonella subtypes

A

Typhoidal & nontyphi

25
Q

Salmonellosis

A

Gastroenteritis (occasional blood), vomiting

26
Q

Salmonella Dx

A

Stool culture if necessary

27
Q

Salmonella Tx

28
Q

Typhoid fever

A
  • Salmonella typhi, Yersinia
  • Positive blood culture
  • Affect kidney, liver, spleen, gall bladder
29
Q

Yersinia lactose

30
Q

Yersinia transmission

A

Pigs
Scandinavia (denmark)
Blood transfusion (rare)

31
Q

Yersinia entercolitica

A

Gastroenteritis, can cause typhoid fever (bacteremia, rash, joint pain)

32
Q

Yersinia

A

Blood culture for bacteremia

Stool culture if necessary

33
Q

Yersinia Tx

A
  • Gastroenteritis - none

- Bacteremia - Fluoroquinolone or TMP/sulfa

34
Q

Non lactose fermenters

A

Salmonella
Shigella
Proteus
Yersinia

35
Q

Lactose fermenters

A

Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Escherichia coli

36
Q

E.coli Glucuronidase and Sorbitol

A

All strains metabolize except EHEC (shiga toxin)

37
Q

Flask shaped ulcer

A

E.histolytica

38
Q

Escherichia coli micro

A
  • G- rod

- Ferment glucose and lactose

39
Q

E.coli normal flora?

A

Yes (except EHEC)

40
Q

E.coli producing shiga toxin

A

Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC, STEC)

41
Q

EHEC transmission

42
Q

E.coli most common infection

43
Q

E.coli K1 most common infection

A

Meningitis in neonates

44
Q

ETEC (enterotoxigenic) infection

-virulence

A

Traveler’s diarrhea (watery)

-plasmid- enterotoxins (secretory cAMP, osmotic cGMP)

45
Q

EPEC (enteropathogenic) infection

-virulence

A

Infant diarrhea in 3rd world

-plasmid- destruction of microvilli

46
Q

EIEC (enteroinvasive) most common infection

A

Mild shigella-like dysentery in 3rd world

47
Q

EAEC (enteroaggregative) infection

-virulence

A

Chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised

-Fimbriae

48
Q

EHEC clinical

A
  • Watery, non-bloody diarrhea
  • 25% dysentery
  • 10% hemolytic uremic syndrome (hemo anemia, kidney failure, low platelets)
49
Q

E.coli K1 virulence

A

Special capsule

50
Q

E.coli virulence

A

Capsule, pili, adhesion

51
Q

EHEC virulence

A
  • Shiga-like Vero toxins on lysogenic phage

- Hemolysins

52
Q

O157:H6

53
Q

Differentiate EHEC from other E.coli

A

Cannot ferment sorbitol

54
Q

E.coli Tx methodology

A
  • fluoroquinolones
  • don’t Tx EHEC
  • Tx ETEC (traveler’s) early
55
Q

Proteus mirabilis

A

UTI

-Urease raises pH of urine, promotes stone formation

Test 8 (21 decks)

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