❤️pharm-Diuretics Flashcards
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide
Loop diuretics
Amiloride
Triamterine
Spironolactone**
Potassium-sparing diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide
Indapamide
Chlorthalidone
Metolazone
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics
Thiazide & thiazides like
Work in the DCT
Used typically for BP reduction
Increase body retention of calcium
Vasodilator
All diuretics
Prevent salt reabsorption in the nephron
Increase urine output= lower fluid volume = lower BP
-short term: initial ⬇️ in plasma
-long term: ⬇️ in systemic vascular resistance
❤️ failure: removal of excess fluid volume
Thiazide side effects
* ⬆️ calcium levels (hypercalcemia) Hypovolemia Hyperglycemia ⬆️ cholesterol ⬇️ potassium, mg Electrolyte imbalances Dizziness Dehydration Hypotension
Thiazide risk/ inx
Avoid with patients with renal failure
* sensitive to renal function
- digoxin
- lithium
- Ace inhibitors
- K supplements
- NSAIDs
Thiazide MOA
Prevent salt and h20 reab in the nephron
Increase urine output= lower fluid volume= lower BP
Vasodilator
Used for BP reduction
Loops
Work in the LOH & blood vessels around LOH
Rid body of calcium
* increase volume output despite kidney fxn, better at lower fluid volume
* linear drug/dose response curve
Loops
AEs
- hypocalcemia
Hyperglycemia, hypovolemia, Electrolyte imbalance, dizziness, dehydration, hypotension
Loops
Inx/risk
Digoxin Lithium K+ supplement Ace inhibitors * NSAIDs
Potassium sparing
Work in the DCT
- ⬆️ serum potassium levels
- low potency, used to correct side effects of other diuretics
Potassium sparing
AEs
- hyperkalemia
Hyperglycemia, dizziness, dehydration, hypotension
Potassium sparing
Inx/risk
Digoxin Lithium Ace inhibitors *NSAIDs * K supplements
What diuretic has a linear dose/response curve?
Loops
