pharm chapter 9

Question 1

what enzyme synthesizes acetylcholine from choline and acetyl CoA

Answer 1

ChAT

Question 2

what is the incorporation of choline into phosphatidylcholine essential

Answer 2

because choline itself cannot cross the BBB

Question 3

where is the high-affinity transport system of Ach found

Answer 3

specifically found in cholinergic nerve terminals

Question 4

what drug targets the high-affinity transport system of Ach (sodium-choline transporter)

Answer 4

hemicholinium-3

Question 5

what does vesamicol target

Answer 5

the Ach-H+ antiport channel

Question 6

what does lambert-eaton myasthenia syndrome result from

Answer 6

an autoantibody that blocks the presynaptic Calcium channel

Question 7

what does botulinum toxin do

Answer 7

prevents the exocytosis of presynaptic vesicles, thereby blocking ACh release

Question 8

what is the predominant effect of mAChR stimulation

Answer 8

increase the opening of specific potassium channels, thereby hyper polarizing the cell

Question 9

where is M1 generally expressed

Answer 9

cortical neurons and autonomic ganglia

Question 10

where is M2 generally expressed

Answer 10

cardiac muscle

Question 11

where is M3 generally expressed

Answer 11

smooth muscle and glandular tissue

Question 12

what is the prototype agonist of M1

Answer 12

oxotremorine

Question 13

what is the prototype antagonists to M1

Answer 13

pirenzepine

Question 14

what is the prototype antagonist of M2

Answer 14

AF-DX 117

Question 15

what is the prototype antagonist of M3

Answer 15

hexahydrosiladifenidol

Question 16

what is the prototype antagonist of M4

Answer 16

himbacine

Question 17

what is the prototype agonist of Nm

Answer 17

phenyltrimethyammonium

Question 18

what is the prototype antagonist of Nm

Answer 18

tubocurare

Question 19

what is the prototype antagonist of Nn

Answer 19

trimethaphan

Question 20

what drug prevents facilitation and causes rapid titanic fad to occur under otherwise normal conditions

Answer 20

hexamethonium

Question 21

what drug is a muscarinic receptor agonist that has modulatory effects on autonomic ganglia that resemble the stimulation of slow EPSPs

Answer 21

methacholine

Question 22

what does atropine administration result in

Answer 22

blockade of vagal slowing of the SA node (relative tachycardia)

Question 23

how does activation of NBM effect Ach

Answer 23

causes global increase in ACh levels

Question 24

what does the IPSP result from

Answer 24

membrane hyperpolarization response

Question 25

what receptors mediate the slow EPSP response

Answer 25

M1 muscarinic

Question 26

what does pirenzepine bind with with the highest affinity

Answer 26

M1 receptors

Question 27

what is the agent of choice for treating the CNS effects of anticholinergic overdose

Answer 27

physostigmine

Question 28

what drug blocks the storage of ACh

Answer 28

vesamicol

Question 29

what drug is a simple alcohol that inhibits AChE by reversibly associating with the active site of the enzyme

Answer 29

edrophonium

Question 30

in Myasthenia graves, what are the autoantibodies that are formed working against

Answer 30

Nm receptors

Question 31

what are the autoantibodies against with eaton-lambert syndrome

Answer 31

calcium channels

Question 32

what drug is a pseudo-irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor because it forms a labile carbamoylate complex with AChE, inactivating the enzyme until the covalent bond is broken

Answer 32

rivastigmine

Question 33

what is methacholine used in the diagnosis of

Answer 33

asthma

Question 34

what is carbachol usually used for the treatment of

Answer 34

glaucoma

Question 35

what drug is used to treat xerostomia (dryness of the mouth secondary to reduced salivary secretion)

Answer 35

pilocarpine

Question 36

what drug is commonly used to prevent motion sickness

Answer 36

scopolamine

Question 37

what drug is an alternative to H2 receptor antagonists in the treatment of PUD

Answer 37

pirenzepine